• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.153-155
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• 2006

A major advantage of the area in and around Braunschweig is its concentration of major research institutes and small to large enterprises dealing with different modes of transportation. For many years, aviation has been a particular focus. The research institutes have aircraft and helicopters equipped especially for research projects, as well as other laboratory equipment, allowing simulation and testing of air traffic application both virtually and on real aircraft. In addition, with the Luftfahrtbundesamt (equivalent organization to FAA) and the Bundesstelle $f{\"{u}}r$ Flugunfalluntersuchung (equivalent to NTSB) both located at the Research Airport, it enables direct contact with two key air-traffic safety authorities. The institutes of DLR and the Technical University of Braunschweig are very active in rail transportation applications. Cooperation with the market leader in rail automation - Siemens Rail Automation, also located in Braunschweig - and with other companies in the Braunschweig region means that safety-critical road applications and mobility research is available due to the activities of a number of institutes. Cooperation with Volkswagen (VW) and other companies in the region ensure access to the market leaders' know-how in this sector. Current European activities within framework of the Galileo project offer particularly good opportunities for the Research Airport to leverage its expertise and position itself internationally as a specialist in safety-critical transport applications - the centre is an initiative of Niedersachsen and the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Labour and Transport Location and navigation plays a central role in all modes of transport - air, road and rail. The market is being revolutionized by the increasing integration of GNSS. The realization of the Galileo system will provide additional opportunities for the Research Airport: Galileo as a civil operated system offers service guarantees especially in the area of safety-critical applications in transportation. Notably standards, processes and authorizations related to the certification of safety-critical applications in the areas of air, road and rail transportation are still to be determined. GAUSS, located at the Research Airport Braunschweig, as an European centre of excellence for simulation, testing and certification of safety-critical applications can offer its expertise to validate the services guaranteed by the Galileo concessionaire.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2018

This paper describes the effect of different testing parameters (configuration of infrastructure and truck position on road) on truck aerodynamic coefficients under cross wind conditions, by means of a numerical approach known as Large Eddy Simulation (LES). In order to estimate the air flow behaviour around both the infrastructure and the truck, the filtered continuity and momentum equations along with the Smagorinsky-Lilly model were solved. A solution for these non-linear equations was approached through the finite volume method (FVM) and using temporal and spatial discretization schemes. As for the results, the aerodynamic coefficients acting on the truck model exhibited nearly constant values regardless of the Reynolds number. The flat ground is the infrastructure where the rollover coefficient acting on the truck model showed lowest values under cross wind conditions (yaw angle of $90^{\circ}$), while the worst infrastructure studied for vehicle stability was an embankment with downward-slope on the leeward side. The position of the truck on the road and the value of embankment slope angle that minimizes the rollover coefficient were determined by successfully applying the Response Surface Methodology.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.252-263
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• 2016

Road sign is an important street furniture that gives some information such as road conditions, driving direction and condition for a driver. Thus, road sign is a major target of image recognition for self-driving car, ADAS(autonomous vehicle and intelligent driver assistance systems), and ITS(intelligent transport systems). In this paper, an enhanced road sign recognition system is proposed for MMS(Mobile Mapping System) using the single camera and GPS. For the proposed system, first, a road sign recognition scheme is proposed. this scheme is composed of detection and classification step. In the detection step, object candidate regions are extracted in image frames using hybrid road sign detection scheme that is based on color and shape features of road signs. And, in the classification step, the area of candidate regions and road sign template are compared. Second, a Geo-marking scheme for geo-content that is consist of road sign image and coordinate value is proposed. If the serious situation such as car accident is happened, this scheme can protect geographical information of road sign against illegal users. By experiments with test video set, in the three parts that are road sign recognition, coordinate value estimation and geo-marking, it is confirmed that proposed schemes can be used for MMS in commercial area.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.202-217
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• 2021

세계 최대 차량공유업체 우버의 자율주행에 의한 보행자 사망사고에 이어 지난 4월에는 테슬라의 자율주행 교통사고로 2명이 사망하는 등 자율주행의 안전성 문제가 대두됨에 따라 자율주행 도입에 따른 도로 이용자의 안전성 확보가 필요한 실정이다. 이에 자율주행의 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 실제로 자율주행자동차가 주행할 도로 및 교통 환경을 기반으로 다양한 상황에서의 자율주행 운전능력을 평가할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 다양한 운전능력 시험방법 중 가상현실 기반 자율주행 운전능력 평가도구를 제시하고자 일반 운전면허시험 문제를 기반으로 UC-win/Road ver.14.0을 활용하였다. 이를 바탕으로 복합적이고 다양한 주행환경에서 돌발상황에 대한 운전능력을 시험하고자 하였으며 자율주행 운전능력 시험평가의 최적의 도구로서의 실제 적용가능성을 확인하고자 하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2023

This study examines the low performance of state civil servants related (ASN) to the management of public transportation at the Directorate of Road Transport (DRT), Ministry of Transportation, Indonesia. This study surveyed 103 ASNs, using a quantitative approach using the Amos SEM software. The results showed that Knowledge Sharing (KS) and Work Engagement (WE) directly influenced Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) as well as Job Performance (JP). Meanwhile, IWB had a significant, direct effect on JP and acts as a full mediator in the effect of KS and WE on JP. The descriptive data obtained also showed that respondents' statements based on gender have differences related to the IWB variable, where on average, women were better than men. However, for other variables (JP, KS, and WE), the data showed that, on average, the statements of male respondents were better than women. This study recommends that the DRT pay attention to IWB as a key factor mediating KS and WE towards increasing JP by maintaining the best indicators and improving the weakest indicators. Furthermore, this study recommends that future research refine these results by adding the variables of gender and educational level of the respondents.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.733-739
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• 2007

현재 중국의 경우 산업발전은 매우 빠르게 이루어지고 있으나 아직까지 인프라 시설이 구비되어 있지 않아 수요와 공급의 불균형을 이루고 있다. 그러므로 중국자체로는 매년 넘쳐나는 미주 또는 구주 발 총국동북부 지역의 항공물동량을 모두 처리하기 어려운 실정이며 이는 우리나라가 해공복합운송 거점으로서 위상을 확립할 수 있는 좋은 기회가 될 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해공복합운송과 항공운송의 노선별 시뮬레이션 평가를 통해 경쟁력 수준을 평가하고 향후 화물유치를 위한 나아가야 할 방향 등을 제시하였다. 첫째 향후 해공복합운송의 물량을 확보하기 위해서는 지리적으로 유리할 뿐만 아니라 본 연구의 시뮬레이션 분석에서도 도출되었듯이 중국발 미주착 부분에 더욱 집중적으로 관심을 가지고 비즈니스 모델을 창출하여야 할 것이다. 둘째, 해공복합운송의 주요 요인은 비용보다도 서비스에 의한 인지도 부분이나 전체적으로 걸리는 시간에 의하여 결정되는 것으로 나타났으므로 고객의 니즈에 맞는 서비스를 개발하고 이를 지속적으로 제공하여 해공복합운송에 대한 인지도 향상과 아울러 현재 추진 중인 청도와의 RFS(Road Feeder Service)시스템을 주요 해공복합운송의 출발항인 상해, 위해, 연태지역으로 확대하여 추진할 필요가 있을 것이다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2010

As a basic life-supporting infra in modem life, road should carry out various functions; transport, public linear network service, open activity space. Case study villages were divided into plan-based improved one(3 subtypes) and not one(4 subtypes). On total 21 case study villages($3{\times}7$ subtypes), questionnaire surveys were performed. Villagers' satisfaction level to road conditions in the plan-based improved villages showed much higher than not improved ones, which means that improvement of village roads be a vital subject in level-up of quality of rural life. Traffic function of village roads was responded as a principal one, while other various functions as between-villagers communication, car-parking and accommodation of public utilities were also required. In this viewpoint, village roads should be multi-purposedly developed in future. So, it was concluded that the road improvement strength would vary with geographical and topographical conditions of each village. Although villagers' unsatisfaction level on road service was very high, their demand level of and supporting will toward road improvement works have continuously increased, so, it would be considered to be the very time that full-fledged village road improvement policy be initiated.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2004

Resent removal work for road signs has been labor intensive and required times since it has been done manually using shaving type equipment. While traditional process is conducting, there are traffic jams caused by the passing control, and happened unexpected accidents to workers working at dangerous road circumstance. Besides, in current shaving method, there are high potentialities on the air pollution as well as the explosive accident occurred by using a propane gas. So, as an alternative, we have studied to develop the automatic erasing equipment made up with a high pressure water-jet system and automatic control system, mobile system; Wate-rjet system consists of an intensifier and nozzles to give a high pressure and spray on the sign, and automatic control system is composed of one axis robot using a hydraulic servo actuator controlled by a lever, And as a mobile system, a truck plays an important role for the transport of equipment and the forward movement in a removal process. In this paper, we have analyzed the characteristics of road signs and have investigated current erasing methods in the field. And we have organized and designed automatic erasing equipment, and we have made a basic experiment to find out the optimal spray condition as like the spray distance, spray angle and injection pressure.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1283-1287
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• 2009

The Korean government implemented 259 road projects from 2004 to 2007, valued at $18.4 billion. Change orders of these road projects occurred 8,973 times and, subsequently, caused significant increases in the cost of the projects, approximately up to $4.2 billion (22.8% of the initial budget). These significant problems of huge change orders require a more workable control system for budget management whereas the effectiveness of the government's control is still not satisfied. However, previous approaches and studies mostly limited their analyses to simply classifying the causes of the change orders. This paper investigates the real frequency and cost impacts incurred by each cause of a change order, primarily based on 218 road projects in Korea. The paper then identifies the attributes of change orders through a survey of 204 project participants in that those sources were inevitable or avoided if properly managed. The causes of the change orders are further analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) in connection with contract volume, bid award rate, the contractor's capacity to perform, and the design company's capacity. This study found that if the contract volume is smaller, then the possibility of change orders is higher. Interestingly, if the bid award rate is less than 67.5%, it signifies the highest rate of change orders. In addition, the contractors whose construction ability is assessed as the top-ranked group showed the lowest change order rates. With these results, this paper provides the preventive guidelines for reducing the likelihood of change orders.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2020

도로교통법 시행규칙과 단체표준에서 정하고 있는 8가지 색상에 대해 건조 시와 습윤 시의 최소재귀반사성능 기준 확보를 위한 현장실험을 실시하였으며, 백색 건조 시에는 260.8(mcd/㎡·lux), 습윤 시에는 154.6(mcd/㎡·lux)으로 결과가 산출되었다. 황색의 경우는 건조 시 백색의 반사성능 대비 황색, 가호1호에서는 67%, 가호2호에서는 63% 수준이다. 습윤 시는 각각 79%와 59% 수준으로 나타났다. 청색의 경우에는 백색대비 가호1호에서는 64% 수준이며, 가호2호에서는 72%이다. 습윤 시는 각각 63%와 72% 수준으로 나타났다. 습윤 시의 반사성능 변화 폭이 건조 시보다 높으며, 유리알이 없는 경우도 이전의 결과와 비슷하게 나타났다. 신규색상이 적색, 주황색, 분홍색, 연한 녹색, 녹색의 경우에도 백색 대비 50% 이상의 기준값을 가지는 것으로 분석되었으며 이를 토대로 도로교통법 시행규칙에 노면표시 색상에 따른 최소반사성능 기준 마련의 토대가 될 것으로 판단된다.