• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.123-132
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• 2019

As the one-person households with economic power have increased, the consumption culture changed as well. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the on-line shopping motivation of one-person households in terms of consumer value. Economic value, emotional value, convenience value, social value were identified as affecting factors of satisfaction and intention to re-use of on-line shopping purchasing based on prior studies of on-line shopping behavior. This study tested the hypothesized model targeting 244 one-person households who have purchased products in on-line shopping mall. According to the results of analysis by using R, economic value, emotional value are significantly related to the consumer satisfaction but convenience value, social value are not. Consumer satisfaction of online purchasing was also shown to be related to the intention to re-use. However no difference between men and female was shown in shopping motivations. The research result can provide useful guidelines and strategies for one-person households with online shopping malls.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.120-137
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• 2013

Nowadays, due to the increase of the aging population and the decreased size of the traditional nuclear family, pet dogs are considered to be important member of the family. The pet industry has been growing every year; subsequently, is essential to develop practical patterns and designs which are appropriate for the structure and movement of pet dogs. However, studies for developing a new form of pet dog's wear patterns and designs are limited. This study develops an all-in-one pattern which is based on pet dog's size, designs pet dog's wear items based on all-in-one patterns, and provides support to the manufacture of pet dog's wear. The results are as follow: 1) An analysis for the categories and design characteristics of all-in-one pet dog's wear according to the research from the online pet dog's wear shopping sites is provided. Eight categories are classified as follows: rompers, body suit, coveralls, training suit, special clothing, overalls, rain coat, and hanbok. 2) The production of all-in-one pet dog's wear basic pattern based on the basic bodice pattern from the prior studies and the manufacturer's patterns are being displayed. 3) Developments of the patterns and designs for eight all-in-one clothing consider the design characteristics and the situations. 4) Developments of the previous eight items illustrate the results of this research.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.215-222
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• 2007

In the study, the cone index, the cohesion and the internal friction angle of soil were measured before and after tillage in order to suggest relative improvement in soil properties by comparing the two measured values before and after tillage. The tillage methods tested in the study were five combinations of plowing and rotovating; one plow tillage operation, one plow followed by one rotary, one plow followed by two rotary, one rotary without plow and two rotary without plow. The experiments were performed in a soil bin in Sunggyunkwan Univ. and in four selected test fields in Yeoju, Seodun-Dong, Suwon (especially, two different fields) and Chungju. In general, the internal friction angle and cohesion of soil increased with the increase of soil compaction. After applying the tillage operations, the internal friction angle reduced by 14 degree and the cohesion decreased up to about $2.2N/cm^2$ on the soil bin in comparison with those before tillage. The two values, however, reduced by 9 degree and up to about $1.0N/cm^2$ on the tested fields. The CIs for all the tillage operations on the soil bin and on 4 different test fields were decreased by 800 kPa in comparison with those before tillage. The best combination of tillage operations for decreasing the CIs of soil was one plow operation followed by one rotary. The CIs for one plow operation followed by two rotary were slightly higher than that for one plow operation followed by one rotary because one plow operation followed by two rotary crushed down the soil excessively, so that the porosity of soil decreased.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of shoe sole deformation on the muscle activity and balance of the lower extremities when standing on one foot. Design: Crossed-control group study Methods: A total of 18 healthy adults participated in this study. 9 participants with normal shoe and 9 participants with deformed in shoe out-soles (wear shoes) were included. Muscle activity of the tibialis anterior, fibularis longus and gluteus medius during one leg standing was measured using a electromyography. A balance board was used to evaluate balance ability when standing on one leg. The balance ability when standing on one leg was measured by the sway speed and distance of the center of gravity. Results: Muscle activity of the tibialis anterior, fibularis longus and gluteus medius was no significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). Balance ability when standing on one leg was significantly different from the group wearing normal shoes in all variables related to the sway distance and sway speed of the center of gravity. Conclusions: Through this study, the wear of the outer sole of the shoe indirectly confirmed the effect on the wearer's lower extremity muscle activity and balance ability when standing on one foot. These results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for future studies on shoe wear, lower extremity muscle activity and balance ability.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to proofread 'one ryang' in the Decoction of ${\ll}$Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases${\gg}$. Methods : I found out the ratio of maximum dose and minimum dose in this book. On the basis of the ratio, I corrected 'one ryang' in diverse decoctions. Results : In any decoction, maximum dose of medicinal medica in one decoction could not exceed four times minimum dose. Specifically, in the case that maximum dose in one decoction is sixteen ryang, it could not exceed eight times minimum dose in the same decoction. Any medicinal medica used in two decoctions or more, its maximum dose could not exceed four times minimum dose in other decoctions. On the basis of these results, it should be changed into three ryangs that are one ryang dose of 'Haematitum' of Seonbokdaeja Tang, 'Ginger' of Bujageongang Tang, Baektong Tang, Baektonggajeodamjep Tang and Senggangsasim Tang. Furthermore it should be changed into two ryangs that are one ryang dose of 'Coptidis Rhizoma' of Sohamhyung Tang, 'Ginger' of Dowha Tang, 'Ginseng Radix' of Whubaksenggangbanhagamchoinsam Tang, 'Polyporus, Poria Sclerotium, Alismatis Rhizoma, Talcum and Asini Corii Colla' of Jeoryeong Tang, 'Cimicifugae Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma' of Mahuangshengma Tang and 'Cassiae Cortex Interior' of Gyejigamchoryonggolmoryeo Tang. Conclusions : These results suggest that one ryang of thirteen medicinal medica such as Haematitum or Ginger of eleven decoctions such as Seonbokdaeja Tang or Bujageongang Tang should be changed into two or three ryangs.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.451-463
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• 2017

Recently, increasing one-person households, especially in the young generation, is one of the most important issues reflecting changes in the Korean family and society. The purpose of this study is to examine gender differences in life time use of one-person households aged 25 to 39, comparing with husband-wife couples of the same ages, and to investigate the determinants of subjective time poverty. Data are from the 2014 Life Time Survey by Statistics Korea. The major results are as follows. First, gender differences in time use of single youths were found in home management hours on weekdays. Female one-person householders spent more time in home management than their male counterparts, while male one-person householders spent more time in home management than young husband-wife groups. In addition, a much larger gender difference was found between young husbands and wives. Second, different effects on the subjective time poverty were found in both the groups. Based on these results, the implications for several specialized education and social programs for male and female one-person householders used in the local healthy families support centers are provided.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.182-192
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• 2022

This study analyzed the effects of the all-in-one automatic fire shutter (hereinafter referred to as "all-in-one shutter") installed along the fire compartment in a five-story high school building on the evacuation time by using the Pathfinder simulation program. When the all-in-one shutter was added as a new variable, the evacuation time was delayed, indicating insufficient evacuation safety. The evacuation time exceeded the appropriate standard when the evacuation exit was designated to the students in the present state of being placed on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th floors and the all-in-one shutter was activated. When students were placed on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors under the same conditions, the evacuation time was also greatly exceeded. However, when the width of the entrance was set to 130cm, the evacuation time was almost the same as when the all-in-one shutter was not installed. In high-rise school buildings, the bottleneck caused by all-in-one shutters is becoming a major factor in evacuation barriers. To ensure the evacuation safety of school buildings, it has been judged that evacuation education and training to predict the evacuation time required through the all-in-one shutter entrance and induce an evacuation procedure suitable for the standard evacuation time should be carried out in parallel. The implications of this study and suggestions for effective fire compartments and follow-up studies were discussed.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assume the size of one piece and decocting method of Asini Corii Colla in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases written at the Eastern han Dynasty. Methods : I assumed the size of one piece and decocting method based on Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases and Prescriptions of the Gold Chamber, Essential Skill to Benefit the People, Classified Emergency Materia Medica, Illustration and Consideration of Plant's Name and Reality, Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold, and other articles about Asini Corii Colla. And I compared these results with current merchandize in China, Dong-e E-jiao, China Resuorces DongeEjiao, and Furen Medicine Group Co., LTD. Results : Asini Corii Colla was made of the skin of cattle in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases written at the Eastern han Dynasty. The weight of one Asini Corii Colla is equal to 6.5 g, which is equal to one rayng of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases. The size of it is 3.5 cm in width, 9.0 cm in length and 0.17 cm in height. The specific gravity of it was 1.24. The general daily dose was two rayng and also melted in solution. Conclusions : It was easy to measure daily dose two rayng due to weight of one Asini Corii Colla, one rayng is equal to 6.5 g, and also to melt in solution becauase of its rectangular shape and 0.17 cm thickness.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.201-211
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• 2019

This study examines the effects of chronic disease/disability and stress from health on depressive symptoms among one-person households living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in Korea. This study also investigates the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between 1)having a chronic disease/disability and depressive symptoms as well as 2)stress from health and depressive symptoms. This study used data from an online survey targeting one-person households living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The final sample included 499 one-person households. Using a multiple regression analysis with SPSS 20.0, results showed that having a chronic disease/disability was associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms. In addition, stress from health was associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms. In regard to the roles of social support, economic support and emotional support had a direct negative effect on depressive symptoms. Emotional support had a moderating effect on the relationship between having a chronic disease/disability and depressive symptoms. In addition, emotional support also had a moderating effect on the relationship between stress from health and depressive symptoms. Based on these findings, this study suggests that policy makers should reduce the economic burden from a chronic disease/disability and help one-person households to strengthen their social support network.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.253-258
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of internal abdominis pressure(normal, hollowing and bracing) on trunk muscle activity during one leg bridge exercise. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Thirteen healthy adults (9 men and 4 women) were instructed to perform Internal abdominal pressure(IAP) control(Normal, Hollowing, Bracing) during one leg bridge. Electromyography (EMG) data (% Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction, MVIC) were recorded three times on both sides of the participant's Internal Oblique(IO), Effector Spinae(ES), and Multifidus(MF) muscles and the average value was analyzed. Results: As a result, Abdominal bracing one leg bridge (BOLB) group and Abdominal hollowing one leg bridge (HOLB) group showed significantly increased muscle activation of bilateral internal oblique, erector spinae and multifidus activation compared to the Normal one leg bridge (NOLB) group (p<0.05). Abdominal hollowing one leg bridge (HOLB) group had a significant difference in bilateral Internal oblique muscle activation in compared to the NOLB group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Bilateral internal oblique, erector spinae, and multifidus muscles activation in healthy adults at one leg bridge exercise showed greater activation at abdominal bracing. Therefore, in this study, IAP control can be used as an indicator of choice to the dysfunction with trunk muscle weakness and corrective exercise subject's situation when the goal is to activate the trunk muscles by performing one leg bridge.