• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2022

The spread of Omicron, a mutated version of COVID-19 across several countries is leading to the discussion of lockdown once again for curbing the spread of the new virus. In this context, this research is showing the impact of lockdown for the successful control of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic around the globe has affected Saudi Arabia with around 2,37,803 confirmed cases within the initial 4 months of transmission. Saudi Arabia has announced a 21-day lockdown from March 23, 2020, to reduce the transmission of the COVID-19 pandemic. Machine Learning-based, Multinomial logistic regression was applied to understand the relationship between daily COVID-19 confirmed cases and lockdown in the 17 most-affected cities of KSA. We used secondary published data from the Ministry of Health, KSA daily dataset of COVID-19 confirmed case counts. These 17 cities were categorized into 4 classes based on lockdown dates. A total of three scenarios such as night lockdown, full lockdown, and no lockdown have been analyzed with the total number of confirmed cases with 4 classes. 15 out of 17 cities have shown a strong correlation with a confidence interval of 95%. These findings provide evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic may be partially suppressed with lockdown measures.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2022

After more than two years of efforts to end the corona pandemic, a gradual recovery is starting in countries with high vaccination rates. Easing public health policies for a full-fledged post-corona era, such as lifting the mandatory use of outdoor mask and quarantine measures in entry have been considered in Korea. However, the continuous emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 and limitations in vaccine efficacy still remain challenging. Fortunately, T cells and memory T cells, which are key components of adaptive immunity appear to contribute substantially in COVID-19 control. SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells are induced by natural infection or vaccination, and rapid induction and activation of T cells is mainly associated with viral clearance and attenuated clinical severity. In addition, T cell responses induced by recognition of a wide range of epitopes were minimally affected and conserved against the highly infectious subsets of omicron variants. Polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell memory including stem cell-like memory T cells were also developed in COVID-19 convalescent patients, suggesting long lasting protective T cell immunity. Thus, a robust T-cell immune response appears to serve as a reliable and long-term component of host protection in the context of reduced efficacy of humoral immunity and persistent mutations and/or immune escape.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.911-922
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• 2022

A structural protein of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), nucleocapsid (N) protein is phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 on the serine/arginine (SR) rich motif located in disordered regions. Although phosphorylation by GSK-3β constitutes a critical event for viral replication, the molecular mechanism underlying N phosphorylation is not well understood. In this study, we found the putative alpha-helix L/FxxxL/AxxRL motif known as the GSK-3 interacting domain (GID), found in many endogenous GSK-3β binding proteins, such as Axins, FRATs, WWOX, and GSKIP. Indeed, N interacts with GSK-3β similarly to Axin, and Leu to Glu substitution of the GID abolished the interaction, with loss of N phosphorylation. The N phosphorylation is also required for its structural loading in a virus-like particle (VLP). Compared to other coronaviruses, N of Sarbecovirus lineage including bat RaTG13 harbors a CDK1-primed phosphorylation site and Gly-rich linker for enhanced phosphorylation by GSK-3β. Furthermore, we found that the S202R mutant found in Delta and R203K/G204R mutant found in the Omicron variant allow increased abundance and hyper-phosphorylation of N. Our observations suggest that GID and mutations for increased phosphorylation in N may have contributed to the evolution of variants.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집(Proceeding of the KOSME 2000 Spring Annual Meeting)
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• pp.52-59
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• 2000

Experimental studies were performed to improve the THC emission characteristics by optimizing the flow in the exhaust manifold and CCC in a SI engine. For this purpose the flow characteristics in the exhaust manifold and CCC were measured by using LDV technique under various engine conditions, Referring to these data a new type exhaust manifold was designed to improve the cold-start emission characteristics and the response characteristics of {{{{ OMICRON _2}}}} sensor by optimizing the flow pattern and reducing the thermal inertia of the exhaust manifold system. It was found through the vehicle emission tests that the emission characteristics of THC of the new type exhaust manifold was improved by 12% through the optimizing the flow pattern in the exhaust manifold.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권8호
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• pp.1351-1359
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• 2007

In this paper, we have studied the power quality(PQ) diagnosis system with the two methods for PQ diagnosis. One to Apply a regulation value in compliance with mathematics calculation, and the other Automatic identification using Neural network algorithm. Neural network algorithm is used for an automatic diagnosis of the PQ. The regulation proposed by IEEE 1159 Working group is applied for the precision of the diagnosis. In order to divide accurate segmentation, the algorithm for a computer training used the back propagation out of several neural network algorithms. We have configured the proto-type sample by using Labview and a programmed Neural Networks Algorithm using with C. And arbitrary electric Signal generated by OMICRON Company's CMC 256-6 for an efficiency test.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic for over 2 years. During the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant-predominant period in South Korea, confirmed cases among children and adolescents surged. This review found that, although younger children may be less susceptible to COVID-19 than adolescents, more research is needed on the role of children and adolescents in the disease's spread. Detailed epidemiological information about the transmissibility of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain in children and adolescents is currently scarce, and more research is needed on the role of children and adolescents in disease's spread. There may be a difference in the proportion of cases with severe disease requiring hospitalization depending on the dominant mutant strain; however, COVID-19 generally presents with a mild-to-moderate course in children aged 5-11 years old.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.1393-1407
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• 2023

In this study, we propose a dynamic SEIQRV mathematical model and examine it to comprehend the dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic transmission in the Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. Positiveness and boundedness, which are the fundamental principles of this model, have been examined and found to be reliable. The reproduction number was calculated in order to predict whether the disease would spread further. Existing arrangements of infection-free, steady states are asymptotically stable both locally and globally when R₀ < 1. The consistent state arrangements that are present in diseases are also locally steady when R₀ < 1 and globally steady when R₀ > 1. Finally, the numerical data confirms our theoretical study.

• 암석학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.53-69
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• 2000

춘천 연옥 광상의 기원을 연구하기 위하여 광상 및 주변 암석들에 대하여 방사기원 동위원소인 Sr과 Pb 동위원소, 안정 동위원소인 산소와 수소 동위원소, 희토류원소 등의 조성을 분석하였으며, 이러한 여러 지구화학적인 자료들을 종합하여 광화작용의 각 단계별 변화과정을 추적하였다. 연옥광상의 광화대 각 사료들은 모두 모암인 대리암에 비해 상당히 낮은 산소 동위원소 값을 가지며, 이는 광화작용의 모든 단계에서 낮은 {{{{ delta ^18 OMICRON }} 값을 갖는 지각내 순환수가 매우 중요한 역할을 하였음을 반영한다. 춘천 연옥 광상의 광화작용이 진행되어 대리암으로부터 조립질 성회규산염대, 전기 연옥대, 세립질 석회규산염대가 순차적으로 만들어지면서 {{{{ delta ^18 OMICRON }} 값이 지속적인 감소를 보인다. 광화작용으로 새로 만들어진 광물들은 기존 광물들과 산소 동위원소 불평형 관계를 보이며 이는 순환수 기원의 광화유체가 각 단계에서 상당한 물-암석 비율로 관여하였음을 지시한다. 한편 광상 시료들의 Sr 및 Pb 동위원소 값은 광상이 놓여있는 경기 변성암 복합체와 유사한 값을 가지며 이러한 현상 역시 지각내의 순환수가 광상형성에 중요한 역할을 하였음을 시사한다. 검토한 지구화학적 지표들은 종합하면 춘천연옥 광상의 형성에 관여한 광화용액의 대부분은 궁극적으로는 강수기원의 지표 순환수에서 유래하였으며 광상 주변의 암석으로부터 용출시킨 Sr과 Pb를 광화대에 공급한 것으로 판단된다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2016

Fault location identification in the transmission line is an essential part of quick service restoration for maintaining a stable in power system. The application of digital schemes to protection IEDs has led to the development of digital fault locators. Normally, the impedance measurement had been used to for the location detection of transmission line faults. It is well known that the most accurate fault location scheme uses two-ended measurements. This paper deals with the complete design of a fault locator using GPS time-synchronized phasor for transmission line fault detection. The fault location algorithm uses the transmitted relaying signals from the two-ended terminal. The fault locator hardware consists of a Main Processor Unit, Analog Digital Processor Unit, Signal Interface Unit, and Power module. In this paper, sample real-time test cases using COMTRADE format of Omicron apparatus are included. We can see that the implemented fault locator identified all the test faults.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.740-754
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• 2015

This paper focuses on the reverse blocking busbar protection scheme with aim to improve the speed of its operation and at the same time to increase operational reliability, flexibility and stability of the protection during external and internal faults by implementation of the extended functionality provided by the IEC61850 standard-based protective Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). The practical implementation of the scheme by the use of IEC 61850 standard communication protocol is investigated. The proposed scheme is designed for a radial type of a distribution network and is modeled and simulated in the DigSILENT software environment for various faults on the busbar and its outgoing feeders. A laboratory test bench is built using three ABB IEDs 670 series that are compliant with the IEC 61850 standard, CMC 356 Omicron test injection device, PC, MOXA switch, and a DC power supplier. Two types of the reverse blocking signals between the IEDs in the test bench are considered: hard wired and Ethernet communication by using IEC 61850 standard GOOSE messages. Comparative experimental study of the operational trip response speeds of the two implementations for various traffic conditions of the communication network shows that the performance of the protection scheme for the case of Ethernet IEC 61850 standard-based communication is better.