• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.98-103
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• 2015

The reduction of the energy consumption in papermaking process become more important issue because of the regulation of green house gas (GHG) emission. Since more than half of energy for papermaking process is consumed during drying process, the increase of the drying efficiency would be very important solution for saving energy and reduction of GHG emission. The improvement of drying efficiency could be very difficult for the liner board mill because the liner board are usually made of recycled paper, OCC (old corrugated container). The short fiber and fines originated the OCC lead to compact sheet structure and delay the water flow out during wet pressing process and drying process. The application of lignocellulose spacer could provide more loose wet sheet structure and result in the higher drainage rate and the improved drying efficiency. In this study, the effects of the application of lignocellulose spacer to the liner board mill were evaluated based on the mill trial. In order to overcome the common disadvantage of the spacer, the loss of strength properties, the spacer was pretreated with amphoteric polyelectrolyte during mill trial. The results showed the application of pretreated spacer improved the drying efficiency by reducing steam consumption. And the loss in the strength properties by the spacer could be supplemented by the pretreatment.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2011

The changes in the wet pressing response of old corrugated container(OCC) stock depending on the beating treatment and the addition of polymer aids were investigated with laboratory roll press instrument. Two types of polymer aids, such as high molecular weight polymer with low charge density and low molecular weight polymer with high charge density, were applied in this study. The more beaten OCC stock showed the lower dryness after wet pressing. The addition of polymer aids had great influences on the wet pressing efficiency and paper properties. The dryness after wet pressing was increased by the addition of polymer aids, but the pattern of changes in dryness were different depending on the type of polymer and the properties of stock. The higher molecular weight polymer aids showed the greater increase in the dryness. The properties of paper such as air permeability, bulk, formation, tensile strength were also greatly affected by the addition of polymer aids.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.85-90
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• 2012

Wet pressing process has great influence not only on the paper properties but also on the efficiency of total manufacturing process including energy efficiency. The slow drainage propensity of old corrugated container(OCC) might require more complicated control of wet pressing process. In this study, the change in press efficiency and in structure of wet sheet by the various condition of laboratory roll press simulator were evaluated to provide background information about wet pressing of OCC. The higher pressure and the slower machine speed resulted in higher efficiency of wet pressing but the change trends of dryness depending on the wet press pressure and machine speed were shown differently according to OCC treatment. The effects of water contents of felt on the wet press efficiency and sheet structure were also investigated. The higher contents of water in felt resulted in less removal of water generally and the crushed structure of wet sheet were appeared especially at higher pressure.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1999

To increase the strength properties of recycled fiber, especially OCC (Old Corrugated Container) in this study, we used the mechanical pretreatment on the fibers before refining. The mechanical action in the Hobart mixer induced high shear and compression on the fibers, which resulted in the breakdowns of fiber internal structure, and microcompressions on the surface of the fibers. We evaluated the degree of mechanical treatment by fiber curl index. Four different refining techniques were applied to the pretreated fibers (Valley beater, Kady mill, PFI mill, and Impact refining) to find the best combination of the pretreatment and the refining methods. Conclusions were summarized as followed. 1. In keeping the fiber length from shortening, Kady mill and PFI mill refining were effective. Kady mill and Valley beater application tended to straighten out the fiber shapes. 2. Valley beating increased the breaking length of the handsheets better than other methods, while lowering the tear strength most. The mechanical pretreatment increased breaking length about 10% in average irrespective of four different refining methods. 3. Tear strength was increased by the mechanical pretreatment and by the PFI mill refining. 4. Burst strength was increased by the mechanical pretreatment and by valley beating method. 5. In increasing the breaking length and burst strength while keeping tear strength, combination of mechanical pretreatment and Valley beating were most effective.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2000

우리나라의 제지산업은 천연펄프 자급능력이 20% 내외로서 낮은 실정이며 주원료의 7 70% 이상을 수입펄프와 고지에 의존하는 원료수급의 불균형이 심화된 상태이다 .. 1999년도 제지통계에 의하면 골판지 원지로 사용되는 라이너지와 골심지의 연간 생산량이 각각 169만 톤과 88만톤을 점유하여 국내 전체 지류생산량 887만톤의 약 29%를 점하고 있다. 이처럼 국내 제지산업에서 큰 비중을 차지하는 골판지 원지는 주로 국내에서 발생되는 고지를 원료 로 하여 생산되고 있어 환경친화적인 지류라 할 수 있다. 그러나, 국산 골판지 고지( Korean O Old Corrugated Container)의 경우 골판지 고지 이외에 각종 인쇄고지와 기타 산업용지가 혼합된 최하급지로서, 고지 재생 시 여러 가지 많은 제한요소를 지니고 있다. 국산 골판지 고지는 거듭된 재생처리로 인하여 미세분의 함량이 전체 지료의 절반에 달할 만큼 많으며, 아울러 섬유가 각질화됨에 따라 재생처리가 거듭될수록 그러한 미세분의 형성이 더욱 조장 되고 있다. 일반적으로 크기 75µm 이하의 무기질 및 단섬유를 일걷는 미세분은 골판지 원지 의 초지시 습지필의 탈수를 저해하여 생산성을 저하시키는 요인이 되어 왔다. 이러한 문제 를 해결하기 위해 선진국에서는 골판지 고지를 스크린 또는 클리너 둥으로 정선 처리하여 장단섬유를 분급한 다음, 장섬유분을 선택적으로 고해하여 종이의 강도를 향상시키는 기술 이 개발되어 적용돼 왔으나, 이러한 기술은 우리 나라와 같이 장섬유 보다 미세분 함량이 많은 저급의 골판지 고지를 주원료로 삼는 골판지 원지의 강도 개선에 큰 효과를 거둘 수 없는 기술이라고 판단된다. 이는 기존의 섬유 분급 처리는 고급 고지의 경우에는 효과적이 나 저급의 혼합고지를 100% 재활용하여 구성되는 국산 골판지의 생산 시에 적용하기에는 5 50-60%에 이르는 미세분이 포함되어 분리의 대상이 섬유장이 다른 펼프 섬유라기 보다는 미세섬유를 펄프섬유로부터 분리하는 것이 필요하기 때문이다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해서는 기포의 수력학적 포집작용을 이용하여 고농도의 미세분을 선택적으로 분급시키는 부상부 유 분급처리방법을 적용하였다. 이 방법은 미세분의 농축을 위한 부가적인 처리가 필요치 않으며, 분급에 천공을 이용하지 않기 때문에 분급처리 시 천공의 plugging 문제가 발생되 지 않는다는 장점도 가지고 있다. 미세분 분급을 위한 최적의 부상부유 조건은 장섬유의 응 집을 촉진하면서 미세분은 그러한 응집체에 포함되지 않은 상태로 자유로이 부상하여 걷혀 지는 경우이다. 응집거동을 조절하기 위한 시도로서 부상부유 처리시 유량을 달리한 실험결 과에 의하면 유량이 낮을수록 장섬유 손실이 줄고 미세분이 선택적으로 포집되나 전체 부상 부유 리젝트의 양이 줄어드는 문제점이 있었다. 이에 본 실험에서는 장섬유의 응집에 영향 하는 또 다른 인자로서 지료의 농도를 증가시키면서, 미세분의 부상부유를 촉진시키도록 유 량을 증가시키는 조건으로 부상부유 처리에 의한 미세분 분급효율을 증가시키고자 하였다.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.368-374
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• 1997

Investigated ware the decomposition of mulch paper, weed occurrence, and rice growth and yield in transplanting rice culture with paper mulching in 1996 and 1997. The mulch paper were developed from domestic old corrugated container. In the experiment of 1996 where 25 percent of nitrogen fertilizer was applied as tillering fertilizer at 15 days after transplanting, it took about 28 to 40 days for the mulch paper to reach 50 percent decomposition according to types of mulch paper and fertilizer amount. The decomposition was faster in 18kg N/10a fertilization plot than in 12kg N/10a fertilization plot, and slower in the mulch paper treated with polyamidepolyamine epichlorohydrin resin(PPE) for the reinforcement of wet strength than in the mulch paper without PPE. In the experiment of 1997 where nitrogen fertilizer was not applied at tillering stage and instead 70 percent of nitrogen fertilizer was supplied as basal fertilizer, it took more than 42 days for the mulch paper(PPF treated) to reach 50 percent decomposition. Paper mulching was found to be very effective in controlling the paddy weeds at early stage of rice growth, but the efficacy, of weed control decreased especially in the mulch paper without PPE at later stage of rite growth due to the occurrence of Ludwigia prostrata in 1996. Few weeds occurred even in non-mulched plot without herbicide in 1997, rending difficulties in evaluating the efficacy of mulch paper in weed control, However, it could be deduced from the durability of mulch paper that paper mulching would have had sufficient efficacy of weed control. Rice yield was only 185kg/10a in the plot without mulching and weed control, but 657kg/10a and 771kg/10a in the paper(PPE treated) mulching plot with 12kgN/10a and 18kgN/10a, respectively, in 1996. The paper mulching plot showed rice yield similar to the weed control plot with herbicide in 1997. It would be concluded that paper mulching could ensure effective weed control and as high yield as the conventional rice cultivation with herbicidal weed control if the corresponding amount of basal nitrogen fertilizer is increased instead of omitting the nitrogen fertilizer at tillering stage.