• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.200-204
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• 2002

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative prognosis of two age groups with gastric cancer in order to establish the proper treatment strategy in these groups of patients. Materials and Methods: Among patients with gastric cancer who underwent a gastrectomy between 1990 and 1996 at the Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University, the clinicopathological characteristics, including the postoperative survival, of patients younger than 40-years old were compared with those of patients over 69-years old. Results: During that period 1,125 gastric cancer patients underwent a gastrectomy. Among them, 111 patients ($9.9\%$) were less than 40-years old, and 96 patients ($8.5\%$) were over 69-years old. In the young group, 79 patients ($71.2\%$) had a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 59 patients from the elderly group ($61.5\%$) had a well- or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (P<0.05). Curative surgery was performed for 88 ($79.3\%$) patients in the young group and 78 ($81.3\%$) patients in the elderly group. This difference was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year survival rates between the young and the elderly ($66.3\%\;vs.\;47.2\%$) groups, but the 5-year survival rate of the young group was significantly higher than that of the elderly group after a curative resection ($83.2\%\;vs.\;53.3\%$; P<0.05). Also the 5-year survival rate of the elderly group was significantly higher than that of the young group after a non-curative resection ($20.4\%\;vs.\;4.6\%$; P<0.05). Conclusions: For young patients, more efforts are needed to detect gastric cancer in its early stages so that a curative surgery can be performed. However, for the elderly, surgical treatment is recommended at any stage because of the relatively high survival rate, even after non-curative surgery.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.186-194
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors of sleep disturbance and sleep patterns of elderly hospitalized women patients between young-old (65-74 years), old (76-84 years) and old-old (85 years and above). Methods: The questionnaire included the environmental disturbance factors (Paik, 2000), degree of pain (Wang & Kim,1995), disease symptoms (Paik, 2000), depression (Kee, 1996) and sleep patterns (Oh, Song, & Kim, 1998). Data were analyzed using frequencies, means, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression (SPSS 14.0). Results: The middle, and oldest group's environmental disturbance factors of degree of pain, disease symptoms, depression and sleep patterns were higher than those of the younger group. The younger, middle, and oldest group's sleep pattern had a significant negative correlation with environmental disturbance factors, degree of pain, disease symptoms and depression. The model including variables related to environmental, physical and psychological disturbance factors, explained the following variances in sleep pattern: 26.8% for the youngest group, 27.6% for the middle group and 40.7% for the oldest group. Conclusion: The result of this study offer basic data for the development of nursing intervention programs to improve sleep patterns for hospitalized women patients according to age differences.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8401-8404
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• 2014

Background: To determine survival times of cervical cancer patients with bone metastasis related to the effect of age at the time of cervical cancer diagnosis, we performed the retrospectively analytical study. Methods: A total of 68 cervical cancer patients with bone metastasis were treated at a single hospital, during January 1998 to December 2010. Fifty-two medical records were identified and collected, the remaining sixteen medical records were not found. Main outcome measures were patient characteristics, clinical information, duration from cervical cancer diagnosis to bone metastasis diagnosis, survival time after bone metastasis and overall survival time. Results: Among fifty-two cervical cancer patients with bone metastasis, there were 13 patients who were less than 45 years old, and 39 patients were 45 years old or more at the time of cervical cancer diagnosis. The younger group had less median overall survival than the older group, with a statistically significant difference (21 months, 95% CI 19.93-22.06; 34 months, 95% CI 23.27-44.72, p = 0.021). However, they were comparable in the duration from cervical cancer diagnosis to bone metastasis diagnosis and the survival time after bone metastasis. Conclusion: Young patients with bone metastasis aged less than 45 years old at the time of cervical cancer diagnosis have a poorer prognosis than the elderly patients. Impact: To improve survival and quality of life, more intensive and novel multimodal treatments at the time of cervical cancer diagnosis should be considered in patients less than forty-five years, who can tolerate the side effects better.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.196-201
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• 2017

Purpose: Myocardial dysfunction and dysrhythmias are inevitable consequences of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We aimed to evaluate specific trends of electrocardiographic changes that reflect the progress of cardiomyopathy in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Methods: Fifty electrocardiograms (ECGs) of 30 patients (ages 1 to 27 years) who had not been prescribed medications for heart failure treatment at the time of examination were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 116 ECGs of age-matched healthy 116 controls. Heart rate, leads with fragmented QRS (fQRS), corrected QT, Tpeak-to-Tend, and Tpeak-to-Tend/QT were analyzed. Results: The patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy failed to show a normal age-related decline in heart rate but showed an increasing trend in the prevalence of fQRS, corrected QT, corrected Tpeakto-Tend, and Tpeak-to-Tend/QT over time. In the ${\leq}10-year-old$ patient group, a significant difference was found only in the prevalence of fQRS between the patients and the controls. The prevalence of fQRS, heart rate, Tpeak-to-Tend/QT, and corrected Tpeak-to-Tend demonstrated significant differences between the patients and the controls in the middle age group (11 to 15 years old). All the indexes were statistically significantly different in the ${\geq}16-year-old$ patient group. Conclusion: The prevalence of lead with fQRS representing regional wall motion abnormalities was higher in the young patients than in the young healthy controls, and this might be one of the first signs of myocardial change in the patients. Markers of depolarization and repolarization abnormalities were gradually prominent in the patients aged >10 years. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.532-537
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• 1993

To assess the therapy of spontaneous pneumothorax in the aged patients, the treatment methods and results in 60 patients 50 years of age or older were retrospectively reviewed. Most of the patients were male [56 of 60 patients] and the major underlying lung diseases associated with spontaneous pneumothorax were tuberculosis [32 patients] and chronic obstructive lung disease [20 patients]. The recurrence rate of thoracostomy tube drainage with or without chemical pleurodesis using tetracycline was 39.6% [21 of 53 patients], but there was no recurrence in the patients treated with open thoracotomy, pleural abrasion, and chemical pleurodesis using talcum powder[Asbestosis free]. In the patients treated with open thoracotomy, the bullous or bleb lesions were placed in the various sites of both lungs. We concluded that even though thoracostomy tube drainage is the first choice of therapy for spontaneous pneumothorax in the aged patients, the recurrence rate is high, especially in the patients with persistent air leakage for more than 2 days, and the open thoracotomy with pleural abrasion and chemical pleurodesis using talcum powder can prevent the recurrence in the selected patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.673-682
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• 1987

The principal feature of bioprosthetic valve which remains to be completely defined is long-term durability, especially, with regard to the impact of patient age. This report provides extended data regarding valve durability derived from a data base of 515 patients who received lonescu-Shiley bioprosthetic valve between 1978 and 1985; cumulative duration of follow-up was 1562.3 patient-years, with a maximum follow-up duration of 8.7 years. The results of this survey showed as follows: 1] The actuarial freedom from valve failure at 6 years were 43*7% for 0-19 year-old group, 70*1% for 20-39 year-old group and 75*1% for over 40 year-old group separately. 2] Of the causes of valve failure, only the primary tissue failure was markedly influenced by patient`s age [p<0.001], but the prosthetic valve endocarditis was not [p>0.1]. 3] The linealized incidences of primary tissue failure were 7.31% per patient-year in 0-19 year-old group and 0.12% in 20-39 year-old group. 4] The primary tissue failure rate in 0-19 year-old group was 6.36% during first 4 years, but then increased upto 10.95% at postoperative 5 year. Thus we find that in bioprosthetic valve the primary tissue failure is apt to occur when patient is young [especially less than 20 years old] and the postreplacement time passes [especially over 5 years]. The rate of bioprosthesis failure among children and adolescents is clearly higher than that observed in adult patients; however, conclusive quantification of time-related risk for young patient is not yet possible on the basis of existing data. Therefore, the advisability of bioprosthesis implantation in children remains to be determined.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.95-105
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• 1989

The records of 248 patients over 16 years of age who had undergone a surgical correction of a congenital cardiovascular malformation during the period of 10 years from August, 1978 to July, 1988 were reviewed. During this period, the incidence of congenital cardiovascular malformation in adult was 18.2% of 1376 total heart disease operated on and 25.5% of 986 congenital heart defects. Among them, there were 200 patients in acyanotic group and 48 patients in cyanotic group. Male versus female ratio was 1:1.28. The oldest patient was 59 years old female who had atrial septal defect. The mean age was 24.4 years old. The distribution of the lesions showed a large preponderance of atrial septal defects [37.19o] followed in frequency by ventricular septal defects [918.1%], patent ductus arteriosus [17.3%], tetralogy of Fallot [16.1%], and a variety of other complex malformations[3.2%]. In the pediatric age group, relative frequency was different from that of this adult group, showing ventricular septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defects in order of incidence. The hospital mortality and late mortality were 6.0% and 1.7% respectively. The causes of hospital death were low cardiac output in 10 patients, arrhythmia in 2, air embolism in 1, sepsis in 1 and respiratory failure in l. Clinical improvement upto NYHA functional class I or II postoperatively has been achieved and sustained in all patients following repair except the patients of late death and receiving reoperation. This result confirms that congenital heart defects in the adults can be corrected with a good outcome and an aggressive operative approach seems justified.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2018

Purpose: We observed an association between obesity and UTI in infants and pediatric patients, which we aimed to validate in this study. Method: The medical records of 740 patients (${\leq}24$ months old) hospitalized with fever were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were subdivided into 2 groups, namely, the UTI and control (non UTI) groups. We analyzed the patient's height, weight. Obesity was defined as weight-for-length ${\geq}95^{th}$ percentile, and the association between obesity and UTI was evaluated. Results: Out of 740 patients, 253 and 487 patients were in the UTI group and the control group, respectively. A comparative analysis, based on 3 age groups (0-5 months, 6-11 months, and 12-24 months) showed higher proportion of obesity in the UTI group (26.4%) than in the control group (13.0%) in the 0-5months group. After adjusting for age and gender in the 0-5month group, the obesity group was 3.76 times likely to have an UTI (95% CI 1.419-9.98). Conclusion: Obesity and UTI show strong association, especially in infants aged 0-5 months. Febrile obese infant patients (${\leq}5$ months old) visiting medical centers should be advised urine tests for potential UTI.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2014

Objectives: Advanced malignant melanoma (MM) has a poor prognosis, with an expected 2-year survival rate of 10 to 20%. It has long been recognized as an immunogenic tumor, and is worse for elderly patients. Many studies have suggested that herbal treatments improve immune functions, but few clinical studies have reported on this topic. Patients and History: We present two cases of female patients (72 and 77 years old, respectively) with advanced MM. The 72-year-old female patient was, at first, diagnosed with MM with multiple bone metastases. She received resection of the primary lesion, but refused further chemotherapy. The 77-year-old female patient was diagnosed with cutaneous MM of the left heel, with suspicion of sentinel node lymphadenopathy; however, she also refused any conventional treatment due to old age. Course of Therapy and Results: Both patients were exclusively treated with standardized allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua stokes (aRVS) extract combined with Bojungikki-tang (BT, Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang in Chinese or Hochu-ekki-to in Japanese). Both patients are still alive and doing well (Feb. 2014), demonstrating that the 72-year-old patient has lived for 27 months and the 77-year-old patient has lived for 31 months without disease progression since the aRVS and BT administration. Conclusion: We suggest that the combination of aRVS extract and BT could be a candidate for overcoming the cancer's immunoediting process especially for elderly MM patients intolerant of conventional treatment.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 1999

목 적: 소아에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 반복적 구토 또는 게우기는 대부분 생리적 위식도 역류에 기인하지만 치료가 필요한 병적인 역류와 감별이 필요하다. 병적 역류의 진단에 이용되는 24시간 식도산도 측정의 임상적 의의와 더불어 역류지표들을 평가해 보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 반복적 구토 또는 게우기를 주소로 내원한 환아들 중 glass electrode 및 GastrograpH (MIC, Switzerland)를 이용하여 24시간 식도 산도측정을 시행한 87례를 대상으로 병적 역류의 연령별 빈도를 알아보고, 생리적 및 병적 역류군의 역류 지표들의 평가와 더불어 두 군내에서의 하루중 시간대 별 역류 지수의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 결 과: 총 87명 중 병적 역류 환아는 32명(36.8%) 였으며, 연령별로는 6개월 미만에서 32.5%, 6개월~1세 사이 13.3%, 1~2세 사이 61.5%, 2~3세 사이 14.3%, 3세 이상에서는 66.7%에서 병적역류를 보였다. 생리적 역류군에서 총 역류지수는 1세미만에서 $3.7{\pm}2.9%$, 1세 이상에서 $1.8{\pm}1.5%$로 1세 전후에서 유의한 차이(p=0.02)를 보였으며, 하루 시간대별 1세 전후의 역류지수는 아침시간대에서만 1세 이하군이 의의 있게(p=0.04) 높았다. 역류횟수는 각각 $118{\pm}150$, $108{\pm}104$회로 1세 전후에서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 5분 이상 지속된 역류횟수는 1세 전후에서 각각 $1.7{\pm}1.9$, $0.8{\pm}1.0$회로 1세이하에서 유의하게(p=0.03) 많았으며, 가장 긴 1회 역류시간은 1세 전후에서 각각 $604{\pm}551$초, $275{\pm}296$초로 1세 이하에서 유의하게(p=0.007) 길었다. 병적 역류군에서 총역류지수는 1세 미만에서 $17.7{\pm}11.6%$, 1세 이상에서$7.7{\pm}2.9%$였고 역류횟수는 1세 전후에서 각각 $365{\pm}224$, $294{\pm}202$회였으며, 5분 이상 지속된 역류횟수는 $8.9{\pm}4.6$, $3.2{\pm}1.8$회였다. 가장 긴 1회 역류시간은 1세 전후에서 각각 $1955{\pm}2190$초, $1093{\pm}706$초였다. 생리적 및 병적 역류군 각각에서 하루 시간대 사이의 역류 지수를 비교한 결과 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 반복적 구토 또는 게우기를 주소로 내원한 환아에서 glass electrode 및 GastrograpH를 이용한 24시간 식도 산도 측정 검사상 1세 미만에서는 역류 지수 10%, 1세 이상에서는 5%를 기준으로 했을 때 병적 역류는 36.8%에서 관찰되었다. 생리적 및 병적 역류군의 시간대별 역류 지수 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 본 연구에서 병적 역류군의 역류발생빈도가 연령에 따라 차이가 크며, 특히 1~2세 사이의 환아에서 그 비율이 현저히 높았고, 또한 1세 전후의 역류지수도 현저한 차이를 보이므로, 향후 보다 많은 영유아들을 대상으로 조사 분석하여 1~2세 사이의 병적 역류의 기준 역류 지수를 5~10% 사이에서 더 세분하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.