• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.597-598
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• 2013

A lot of fire and crime accidents are caused to a significant national loss. For example, the network and power facilities in national industry facilities, the fire risk region in large scale factories such as nuclear and thermal power plants, large-sized buildings, cultural properties, metal and steel mills, chemical plants, oil refineries. The development of a fire detection system that can detects the temperature and movement of objects as high-level quality is essential to prevent these incidents and accidents fundamentally. In this paper, the fire detection system based on infrared thermal imaging & CCD camera id designed to solve these problems.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.826-839
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• 2014

Fire is a continuous threat to FPSO topside modules as large amounts of oil and gas are passing through the modules. As a conventional measure to mitigate structural failure under fire, passive fire protection (PFP) coatings are widely used on main structural members. However, an excessive use of PFP coatings can cause considerable cost for material purchase, installation, inspection and maintenance. Long installation time can be a risk since the work should be done nearly at the last fabrication stage. Thus, the minimal use of PFP can be beneficial to the reduction of construction cost and the avoidance of schedule delay. This paper presents a few case studies on how different applications of PFP have influence on collapse time of a FPSO module structure. A series of heat analysis and thermal elasto-plastic FE analysis are performed for different PFP coatings and the resultant collapse time and the amount of PFP coatings are compared with each other.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.583-597
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• 2014

Fire caused by heater has various causes as many as the types of heater. also, lots of damage of human life and property loss are caused, since annually continuous fire accident by heater in traditional market is frequently occurring. There are not many cases of fire due to heater in most of residential facilities such as general house, apartments, etc., because they are supplied with heating boiler, however the restaurant, store and office of the market, sports center, factory, workplace, etc. still use heater, e.g. oilstove, electric heater, etc., so that they are exposed to fire hazard. Also, when investigating the number of fire due to heater, it was analyzed to occur in order of home boiler, charcoal stove, oilstove, gas heater/stove, electric stove/heater, the number of fire per human life damage was analyzed in order of gas heater/stove, oil heater/stove, electric heater/stove, briquette/coal heater. Also, gas and oil related heater were analyzed to have low frequency, however, with high fire intensity. Therefore, this research aimed at considering more scientific fire inspection and identification approach by reenacting and reviewing fire outbreak possibility caused by combustibles' contact and conductivity under the normal condition and abnormal condition in respect of ignition hazard, i.e. minimum ignition temperature, carbonization degree and heat flux along with it, due to oilstove and electric stove, which are still frequently used in public use facility, traditional market, and, of which actual fire occurrence is the most frequent. As the result of reenact test, ignition hazard appeared very small, as long as enough heat storage condition is not made in both test objects(oilstove/electric stove), however carbonization condition was analyzed to be proceeded per each part respectively. Eventually, transition to fire is the ignition due to heat storage, so that it was analyzed to ignite when minimum heat storage temperature condition of fire place is over $500^{\circ}C$. Particularly, in case of quartz pipe, the heating element of electric stove, it is rapidly heated over the temperature of $600^{\circ}C$ within the shortest time(10sec), so that the heat flux of this appears 6.26kW/m2, which was analyzed to result in damage of thermal PVC cable and second-degree burn in human body. Also, the researcher recognized that the temperature change along with Geometric View Factor and Fire Load, which display decrease of heat, are also important variables to be considered, along with distance change besides temperature condition. Therefore, the researcher considers that a manual of careful fire inspection and identification on this is necessary, also, expects that scientific and rational efforts of this research can contribute to establish manual composition and theoretical basis on henceforth fire inspection and identification.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.497-500
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• 2001

Shunt reactors are used to compensate for capacitive VARs generated by lightly loaded transmission lines or underground cables. They are normally connected to the transformer tertiary winding. Dry-type shunt reactors have the advantage compared with oil-immersed shunt reactor as followings. Lower investment and maintenance cost, No fire hazard and no environmental concerns, Simple insulation to ground, Response to transient overvoltage less severe, Linearity of inductance versus load current, Lower-acoustic noise, Easier transport and handling due to lower weight, No oil-collecting system must be provided since there is no oil that can leak into the ground.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.332-334
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• 2012

This study investigates records about state systems which were installed to manage aids to navigation workings related to ship and navigation in Korea. It shows the transition process from signal-fire that was used for safe sailing in the three kingdom period to the oil lamp, acetylene gas light, electric light and the LED lamp have been used as a light source for the lighthouses since the modern age.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2014

In this study the cylinder liner deformation which is one of the most influencing factors in a diesel engine oil consumption was performed by the finite element analysis on the basic designed structure consisting of the cylinder block, head and liners under the conditions of assembly, thermal and gas loads. Compared with a large number of other cylinder blocks showing remarkable harmonic orders of the liner distortion, results are excellent. Namely. the higher harmonic order amplitudes of the radial liner deformation amount to 1 ~ 2㎛ maximally. The main reason lies in the relatively large wall thickness of the liner which amounts to 8.2% of the bore diameter. Besides, a very stiff and symmetrical cylinder block design in combination with a bolt force introduction approximately 1.5mm below the block top deck have a further share on these results. Therefore excellent low oil consumption can be expected.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.184-191
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• 2016

In recent years, there are a number of studies that have been carried out to explore the alternative for Mineral Oil (MO) as dielectric insulating fluid in transformers due to the increasing tight regulation on safety and environment. Vegetable oils have been identified as suitable candidate since it is biodegradable, non-toxic and high flash/fire points which ensure more in-service safety. Among the types of vegetable oils considered for transformers application are Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO). This paper presents an experimental study on the lightning breakdown voltages of PO and CO under non-uniform electric field based on needle-sphere electrodes configuration at 3 small gap distances. The type of PO used in this study is Refined Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) Olein. The main focus of this study is to examine the lightning breakdown performance of RBDPO and CO under different test conditions and assess its suitability as dielectric insulating fluid in transformers. The effect of voltage polarities (positive and negative) and testing methods (rising-voltage, up-and-down and multiple-voltage) were investigated. The data obtained from all tests were analysed by Weibull distribution in order to determine the withstand voltages for each type of oils. It was found that the breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO are comparable with MO under positive lightning impulse. Under negative lightning impulse, the breakdown voltage of MO is slightly higher than RBDPO and CO. There is no significant effect of testing methods and voltage polarities on lightning breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO. Based on the statistical analysis, it is found that the breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO at 1% probability are slightly lower than MO.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

In cars, the amount of combustibles, such as plastics, textiles, etc., have increased dramatically to improve the fuel efficiency of cars by reducing the gross vehicle weight according to the increases in an oil price and to reduce environmental problems. One or two cars were involved in a parking lot fire prior to the mid-2000 s. On the other hand, there were many parking lot fires where the entire car was destroyed due to increasing the use of plastics. In this study, the quantity of combustibles in a car was 316.2 kg over a total weight 1935 kg. This is 16.34% of total weight and 10 times greater than that three decades earlier. When a sprinkler is installed as a parking lot fire protection system as a substitute for water spray, the water discharge of the sprinkler must maintain the original density of water spray, $20lpm/m^2$. In addition, the use of a hose reel $CO_2$ system at pilotis parking lots must be prohibited because the hose reel $CO_2$ system has no adaptability for a car fire. Instead, this study proposes foam, dry powder, loaded stream systems be used in parking lot fire suppression systems.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.60-66
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• 2012

In this study, it was evaluated the fire risk during welding cutting tasks. Welding-cutting machines are representatively used at construction sites. Inverter AC/DC TIG welding macnine and inverter air plasma cutting machine were used in experiments. Temperature of spreaded cinders was measured using a thermal camera. Cinder sizes and spread range were measured according to the height and input current. It was also evaluated the fire risk during welding-cutting process, when flammable materials were located around the working area. There were used hay, dust fence, urethane foam, vinyl, paper and oil as flammable materials. Temperature of spreaded cinders was reached at about $450^{\circ}C$. Cinders were spread approximately 4.7 m, when a worker carried out cutting process at 2.5 m height. The possibility of a fire is very high, when flammable materials were located around the working area.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.70-75
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• 2008

Recently, there are so many studies related safety of railway vehicle. But these studies are focused on the passenger car, metro system and high speed train. However, the leakage of hazardous materials may contaminate the environment and cause terrible damage to the ecology, even the human and properties. And so, Safety and security have been already established in many countries, currently they are investing lots of money on the development of technology to prevent accidents. Therefore it is necessary to make a systematic plan and develop safety specifications. In this study, we compared between domestic and international general oil tank car safety regulations for the hazardous materials, and prepare the basic for the making of systematic safety plans and safety regulations for the transport of hazardous materials by tank car.