• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2014

This study aimed to investigate the diversity of the Butyrivibrio group bacteria in goat rumen and its response to garlic oil (GO) supplementation as revealed by molecular analysis of cloned 16S rRNA genes. Six wethers fitted with ruminal fistulas were assigned to two groups for a cross-over design with 28-d experimental period and 14-d interval. Goats were fed a basal diet without (control) or with GO ruminal infusion (0.8 g/d). Ruminal contents were used for DNA extraction collected before morning feeding on d 28. A total bacterial clone library was firstly constructed by nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene cloned sequences using universal primers. The resulting plasmids selected by Butyrivibrio-specific primers were used to construct a Butyrivibrio group-specific bacterial clone library. Butyrivibrio group represented 12.98% and 10.95% of total bacteria in control and GO group, respectively. In libraries, clones were classified to the genus Pseudobutyrivibrio, Butyrivibrio and others within the family Lachnospiraceae. Additionally, some specific clones were observed in GO group, being classified to the genus Ruminococcus and others within the family Ruminococcaceae. Based on the criterion that the similarity was 97% or greater with database sequences, there were 29.73% and 18.42% of clones identified as known isolates (i.e. B. proteoclasticus and Ps. ruminis) in control and GO groups, respectively. Further clones identified as B. fibrisolvens (5.41%) and R. flavefaciens (7.89%) were specifically found in control and GO groups, respectively. The majority of clones resembled Ps. ruminis (98% to 99% similarity), except for Lachnospiraceae bacteria (87% to 92% similarity) in the two libraries. The two clone libraries also appeared different in Shannon diversity index (control 2.47 and GO group 2.91). Our results indicated that the Butyrivibrio group bacteria had a complex community with considerable unknown species in the goat rumen.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.545-550
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• 2017

본 연구는 무농약 재배 Pleurotus eringii 추출물을 함유한 화장품의 효능을 평가하여 새로운 천연 화장품 원료를 개발 하고자 실험을 진행하였다. Pleurotus eringii 는 우리나라 경상남도에서 무농약으로 재배된 2016년산을 구입하여 건조한 후 80% EeOH로 상온에서 추출하였다. 추출물의 항산화활성은 DPPH assay와 ROS assay로 평가하여 우수한 효능을 확인하였고, 추출물 5%를 함유한 크림팩을 제조하여 수분, 유분, pH, 색소의 항목을 평가한 결과 T-zone부위의 유, 수분 항목에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였으며, U-zone 유분변화, pH, 색소 등의 항목에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 실험군의 피부변화가 대조군에 비해 모든 항목에서 우수한 효능을 보여 Pleurotus eringii 추출물의 화장품 원료로서의 효능을 확인 할 수 있었고, 향 후 농도별, 추출조건 및 재배조건을 고려한다면 더욱 향상된 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 평가 받을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.925-934
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• 1994

유지 수소화용 폐촉매로부터 니켈을 추출 분리하여 수소화 촉매로 재생하였다. 입수한 폐촉매로부터는 약 21.8% Ni, 0.7% Mg 및 소량의 Al, Fe와 Zn이 검출되었다. 폐촉매로부터 무기산을 이용하여 니켈 성분을 추출할 때는 염산>질산>황산의 순서로 추출률이 감소하였으며, 질산으로 추출할 경우 3N의 농도로 3시간 정도 추출하는 것이 적합하였다. 용해도차를 이용한 금속 불순물의 침전 분리 제거에 있어서 니켈 회수율을 최대화 하려면 pH 6.5~9.0의 조건이 좋으나 부분적으로 불순물 공침이 생긴다. 니켈의 회수율이 약간 떨어지더라도 pH 7.0~9.0에서 니켈을 분리하여 금속 불순물의 대부분을 제거하면 촉매 제조에 효과적이었다. 폐촉매로부터 추출 처리하여 얻은 nickel을 규조토에 담지시켜 습식환원법으로 제조한 촉매는 촉매 내 금속 불순물의 제거율이 높은 경우, 시약으로 실험실에서 제조한 촉매와 대동소이한 대두유 경화반응 특성을 나타내었다. 이 때 담체의 비표면적은 반응에 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2008

고유가 대응방안으로 저등급 석탄의 효과적인 활용기술에 대해 고찰하였다. 현재 산업체에서 사용하는 석탄 중에 갈탄과 아역청탄이 저등급 석탄에 속하며 매장량이 풍부하고 세계적으로 고르게 분포되어 있지만 높은 수분 함량과 자연발화 가능성으로 인해 활용이 많이 되지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 저등급 석탄으로부터 화학적 정제기술을 이용하여 초청정석탄을 제조하는 기술에 대하여 고찰하였다. 회분 제거기술인 UCC 공정과 가연성분 추출기술인 Hyper Coal 공정을 비교하였다. 회분 제거기술인 UCC(Ultra Clean Coal) 공정은 Hyper Coal 공정에 비해 단순하다는 장점이 있지만 생성물의 회분 농도가 0.1% 이상으로 높다. 가연성분 추출 기술인 Hyper Coal 공정은 용매추출과 이온제거공정 등 구성은 복잡하지만 회분이 200ppm 이하로 생성된다. 초청정석탄은 오일과 동일 등급의 초 청정연료로써 산업용 석유를 대체하고 장기적으로는 IGCC와 IGFC, 그리고 차세대 고도연소기술의 연료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권4호통권131호
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• pp.364-371
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• 2002

Yew (Taxus cuspidata Sibe) selected cultivation as drug, food and decorative plant in Gyong-gi province in Korea. To extract the water soluble active ingredients, as a extracting method, there was extracted with 20g of dried seeds with each 20g of butylene glycol(BG) and propylene glycol(PG), and 40 mL of water mixing 72 hours at $40{\pm}5^{\circ}C$, and then they were filtrated by 400 mesh. Appearance of extract of seeds was pale brown, $pH=4.5{\pm}0.5$, $gravity=1.013{\pm}0.05$, a reflective $index=1.373{\pm}0.05$, and yield=75%. Also, to extract the high purity oil from seeds, it minutely pulverized the dried seeds and added the hexane, mixing 2 hours at $20{\pm}57^{\circ}C$. And then, this filtrated it with 400-mesh. It got the purified oil through evaporating them at $55^{\circ}C$ during under vacuum. As the results, appearance was slightly brown, gravity=0.922 acid value=0.12, saponification value=192, and it should be obtained the $40{\pm}5%$ of yield. As the efficacy evalution of cosmetic field, the antioxidative activities by NBT method were stronger 86.0% from extract of talus seeds than 52.0% from green tea extract and 35.0% from skullcap extract as well as the antioxidative activities by DPPH method were stronger 93.7% from extract of seed than 60.3% from extract of green tea and 27.1% from extract of skullcap. These are more effective than other plant extracts. The collagen synthesis rate on the activating fibroblast for Taxus cuspidata Sibe extract showed 35.43%. As the activity of the skin elasticity, PPE(porcine pancreatic elastase)-inhibitory activities of talus extract was 50.8%. Anti-inflammatory activity was more effective to be taken 41.1% of taxus seed oil than 24.2% of steady glycyrrhetinate (SG) as a control.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2007

본 논문은 식물정유를 이용해 유해가스를 처리하는 경우에 식물정유의 주요 구성성분을 파악하고 이를 통해 처리효율을 규명하는데 연구하였다. 또한 식물정유와 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스에 의한 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스 제거반응 메카니즘을 규명하였으며 그 결과는 아래와 같다. 1) 악취가스 중 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스는 식물정유 추출물과 중화반응에 의해 처리될 수 있음을 나타내었다. GC-MS분석에 의한 식물정유 추출물의 성분 중 식물정유의 화학구조는 알코올기, 케톤기, 에스터기가 관여하는 것으로 나타났다. 충전탑내 식물추출물의 순환속도의 실험결과에서 중화반응으로 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스가 제거되는 메카니즘은 앞서 언급한 화학작용기와 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스의 중화반응에 의해 염을 형성하여 제거되는 과정을 갖는다. 2) 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스 제거효율은 식물정유 추출물의 희석비와 스프레이 분무속도 그리고 초기 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스 농도 등에 따라 달라질 수가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 시험결과는 식물정유 추출물의 희석비와 스프레이 분무속도 그리고 초기 메틸 멀캅탄 악취가스 농도가 희박한 경우에 최대 98%의 제거효율을 얻을 수가 있었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2020

Citrus junos seeds (CS) have been traditionally used for the treatment of cancer and neuralgia. They are also used to manufacture edible oil and cosmetic perfume. A large amount of CS shells without oil (CSS) are discarded after the oil in CS is used as foods or herbal remedy. To efficiently utilize CSS as a by-products, it needs to be studied through chemical analysis. Therefore, we developed an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-diode array detection (DAD) method for simultaneous determination and quantitative analysis of five components (two flavonoids and threes limonoids) in CSS. A Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 ㎛) was used for this separation. It was maintained at 40 ℃. The mobile phase used for the analysis was distilled water and acetonitrile with gradient elution. To identify the quantity of the five components, a mass spectrometer (MS) with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used. The regression equation showed great linearity, with correlation coefficient ≥ 0.9912. Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) of the five compounds were 0.09 - 0.13 and 0.26 - 0.38 ㎍/mL, respectively. Recoveries of extraction ranged from 97.45% to 101.91%. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values of intra- and inter-day precision were 0.06 - 1.15% and 0.19 - 0.25%, respectively. This UPLC-DAD method can be validated to simultaneously analyze quantities of marker flavonoids and limonoids in CSS.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.122-125
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• 1992

한국에서 재배된 카모밀(Matricaria chamomilla L.)을 꽃, 씨, 줄기와 잎, 전초 등 부위별로 채취하여 simultaneous distillation으로 추출하고 GC 및 GC/MSD/IRD로 31개 성분을 확인하였으여 또한 부위별로 함량을 비교하였다. 카모밀 성분중 약리기능이 있다고 알려졌고 품질의 지표물질인 4가지 주요성분, chamazulene, bisabolol oxide A, B, bisabolol의 함량이 꽃 75.1%, 씨 76.6%, 줄기와 잎 10.9%, 전초 48.9%로 꽃과 씨에 대량 함유하고 있으며 외국산 카모밀(꽃)의 정유중에는 49.2%가 함유되어 비교적 높은 함유량을 나타내고 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과로 카모밀 정유는 herbal계의 향료 등 용도개발 식물로 활용가치가 있는 것으로 전망된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.595-601
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• 2017

Background: Red ginseng oil (RGO) is produced by supercritical $CO_2$ extraction of secondary products derived from Korean Red Ginseng extract. As the use of RGO has increased, product safety concerns have become more important. Methods: In the present study, the subacute oral toxicity and bacterial reverse mutagenicity of RGO were evaluated. Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered with RGO for 28 d by gavage. Daily RGO dose concentrations were 0 mg/kg body weight (bw), 500 mg/kg bw, 1,000 mg/kg bw, or 2,000 mg/kg bw per day. Bacterial reverse mutation tests included five bacterial strains (Escherichia coli WP2 and Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537), which were used in the presence or absence of metabolic activation. The plated incorporation method for mutation test was used with RGO concentrations ranging from $312.5{\mu}g$ to $5,000{\mu}g$ per plate. Results: The subacute oral toxicity test results did not reveal any marked changes in clinical characteristics. There were no toxicological changes related to RGO administration in hematological and serum biochemical characteristics in either control or treatment animals. Furthermore, no gross or histopathological changes related to RGO treatment were observed. The bacterial reverse mutation test results did not reveal, at any RGO concentration level and in all bacterial strains, any increase in the number of revertant colonies in the RGO treatment group compared to that in the negative control group. Conclusion: The no-observed-adverse-effect level of RGO is greater than 2,000 mg/kg bw and RGO did not induce genotoxicity related to bacterial reverse mutations.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to optimize the experimental conditions for bioleaching of arsenic (As) using Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 and to understand the interaction between bacteria and As during bioleaching. Five variables, temperature, time, CaCO₃, coconut oil cake, and shaking rate, were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD). Maximum (73.2%) bioleaching of As was observed at 30℃, 60 h incubation, 1.75% CaCO₃, 3% coconut oil cake, and 140 rpm. Sequential extraction of bioleached soil revealed that the isolate Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 significantly reduced 28.6% of water soluble fraction and increased 38.8% of the carbonate fraction. The results of the study indicate that the diazotrophic bacteria Herbaspirillum sp. could be used for bioleaching As from mine soil.