• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2013

Oil spills have occurred throughout the years of industrialization and represent a global challenge as they affect vast areas of the ocean. The toxicity of crude oil to aquatic organisms has been extensively investigated, but the potential impacts of crude oil on vertebrate development remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of dispersants used in treating a recent oil spill, as well as that of crude oil, on vertebrates by using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model species, which has been widely used in empirical studies of both early embryonic development and adult physiology. Chronic exposure to crude oil resulted in marked developmental abnormalities, including pericardial edema, abnormal trunk vessel development, retardation of axonal branching, and abnormal jaw development. Embryonic development was affected more severely by exposure to the oil-dispersant combination than to the oil alone. Thus, the zebrafish in vivo model system suggests that dispersant treatment can have detrimental developmental effects on vertebrates and its potential impact on marine life, as well as humans, should be carefully considered in clean-up efforts at the site of an oil spill.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.119-142
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• 2011

Competitions for secure oil are intense around the world due to the limited oil reserves. The situations are becoming more serious as China has participated in the competition. This paper aims to investigate China's offshore oil development strategies to balance the supply and demand of oil and then suggest its policy implications. A surging increase of oil demand due to the rapid economic growth as well as the stagnation in domestic oil output has turned China into a net oil importer since 1993. Therefore, China has placed a significant priority on securing long-term stability of its offshore oil to cope with the rapid growing demand. It has taken a variety of strategies to secure stable oil resource such as development of offshore oil resource, increasing the number of oil importing countries. China with the highest foreign exchange reserve of approximately $3 trillion as of 2010, has considered to employ foreign exchange reserves while making a huge amount of investment to secure oil resource. China has pursued several policies such as loan to oil production country for securing oil, foreign direct investment on offshore oil development, M&A of oil exploration and production companies and geographical diversification of oil importing countries. China has promoted offensive strategies for securing oil resource rather than cooperation with other countries. Thus, China should find a trade-off point for recovering relationship with international society while developing and investing renewable energy for long-term future. It will also address some implications for Korea, which has to prepare new strategies of overseas oil development.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.21 no.3 s.87
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• pp.283-289
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• 2005

To investigate the oxidative stability of the Lithospermum erythrorhizon extracted oil, we prepared extracted oil from the cultivated and wild roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon by autoclave method with soybean oil. The oil were stored for 30 days at $60^{\circ}C$, and the peroxide value (POV), acid value (AV) and carbonyl value(CV) were measured periodically. The weight was highly decreased in the oil added roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon during the storage period. POV of soybean oil containing wild and cultivated Lithospermum erythrorhizon was generally enhanced with prolonged storage time, with the POV of the samples being lower than 100 meq/kg.oil after 30 days of storage. However, the POV of soybean oil was higher than 100meq/kg.oil after 10 days of storage. The pattern of the changes of AV and CV of soybean oil containing wild and cultivated Lithospermum erythrorhizon, were almost constant during the experimental periods. Nevertheless, the pattern of the changes of AV of soybean oil was rapidly increased during 20 days of storage, and that of CV of soybean oil was rapidly increased duringdays of storage and then slowly increased during the remainder of the experimental period. However, soybein oil was rapidly increased during 20 days of storage and then slowly decreased during the reminder of the experimental period. The overall results suggest that wild and cultivated Lithosyermum erythrorhizon added antioxidant activities to the autooxidation of soybean oil.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.255-255
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• 2017

Sesame has been consumed for centuries as flavoring ingredient in eastern Asian countries, especially Korea. Sesame seeds have been used as health food for traditional medicine to prevent disease in Asian countries for several thousand years. Sesame seed has higher oil content (around 50%) than most of the known oilseeds. Sesame oil is rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Extraction of sesame has developed significantly over the years. The mechanical method was an early means of separation which was physical pressure to squeeze the oil out. Nowadays, solvent extraction becomes the commonly used commercial technique to recover oil from oilseeds. In this study, we investigated extraction efficiency and quality of oil affected by cultivars and extraction methods of sesame seed. Different variables were investigated; roasting temperature ($170{\sim}220^{\circ}C$), extraction methods (solvent and physical pressure), forced ventilation system and cultivars. The Contents of B(a)P in sesame oil after roasting at $170{\sim}220^{\circ}C$ were 0.30~2.53 ppm. When we introduced forced ventilation system during roasting, B(a)P Contents were decreased up to 36%. The Oil extraction efficiency on sesame seed was statistically depending on the cultivars and extraction methods. The oil extraction yields of solvent and physical pressure extraction were 56.3% and 44.6%, respectively. Many of sesame cultivars and genetic resources are linolenic acid content of less than 0.5%. The results supported that we have developed a safe and high quality sesame oil processing methods for small and medium-sized companies.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.578-582
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• 1998

Grape seed oil was characterized to assess the usefulness in the food industry. Among the various oils, the initial antioxidant activity was the highest for grape seed oil. Heating the oil at $180^{\sim}C$ for 20 min retained 86% of the initial activity. Grape seed and sesame oils showed a low peroxide value, about 2, implying a less oxidative reaction. The oxidation of grape seed oil was increased to a less extent by heat-treatment than other oils. Light exposure for 1 month resulted in a slight decrease in the antioxidant activity of grape seed oil, maintaining 96% of the initial activity. Other oils were all light-susceptible and the activities decreased significantly. The peroxide values of all the oils increased by light exposure, but the extent of oxidation was still the least for grape seed oil. The addition of grape seed oil to perilla oil was very effective, in that the peroxide value was 5-times decreased by 1 : 5 composition of grape seed oil versus perilla oil. These results indicate that grape seed oil can be used as a good cooking oil or an additive for other oils.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.148-148
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• 2017

Soybean is an important economical resource of protein and oil for human and animals. The genetic basis of seed protein and oil content has been separately characterized in soybean. However, the genetic relationship between seed protein and oil content remains to be elucidated. In this study, we used a combined analysis of phenotypic correlation and linkage mapping to dissect the relationship between seed protein and oil content. A $F_{10:11}$ RIL population containing 222 lines, derived from the cross between two Korean soybean cultivars Seadanbaek as female and Neulchan as male parent, were used in this experiment. Soybean seed analyzed were harvested in three different experimental environments. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 180K SoyaSNP Chip and QTLs of both traits were analyzed using the software QTL IciMapping. QTL analyses for seed protein and oil content were conducted by composite interval mapping across a genome wide genetic map. This study detected four major QTL for oil content located in chromosome 10, 13, 15 and 16 that explained 13.2-19.8% of the phenotypic variation. In addition, 3 major QTL for protein content were detected in chromosome 10, 11 and 16 that explained 40.8~53.2% of the phenotypic variation. A major QTLs was found to be associated with both seed protein and oil content. A major QTL were mapped to soybean chromosomes 16, which were designated qHPO16. These loci have not been previously reported. Our results reveal a signi cant genetic relationship between seed protein and oil fi content traits. The markers linked closely to these major QTLs may be used for selection of soybean varieties with improved seed protein and oil content.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.111-119
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• 2002

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.21-35
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• 2008

Oil shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock that includes organic matter called "kerogen". When the kerogen is heated at moderate temperature, petroleum-like liquids are produced through the kerogen. Although it has been reported that oil shale reserves are enormous in amount, totaling at least 2.9 trillion barrels of oil, a great deal of its reserves still remain untapped. This report presents the viability and recent state of oil shale development, which will further validate the feasibility of oil shale development as well as pertinent technology.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.82-89
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to develop the proto type sensor installed inside an oil filter in order to detect oil deterioration level. The sensor is made up with two concentric cylinders with constant gap in between and a filter element inside the central area. The size will be designed as similar as real oil filters. The sensor will be tested on a test rig, which is circulating engine oil, with the same size of an oil filter adapting housing as real engines'. It will be measured the capacitance of a sample engine oil, then be able to be gotten the dielectric constant. The changes in the dielectric constant could be correlated with the engine oil deterioration level if the sensor development would be completed. In this paper, it will be shown the test results carrying out under variable temperature conditions at atmosphere pressure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.123-128
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• 2000

The ocean is now increasingly suffering from pollution mainly caused by oil spill accidents roil increasing marine transportation. It cause not only the deterioration of ocean resources but also critical damage on the ocean ecosystem. Present study is an experimental one for the development of the oil skimmer which can collect spilled-oil actively and effectively from the sea surface. As an effort of achieving it, a new type of water wheel attached nil skimmer was devised, based upon the concept of orifice. The shapes of the water wheel, blades and oil storing tank are found to be very important factors on the oil skimming performance through systematic experimental analysis. Real oil recovery test was also carried out in square tank using the oil skimmer with their optimal shapes. Quite satisfactory result are obtained from the test which showed 99% and 98% recovery rates for light oil and heavy oil in still water condition, respectively.