• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2002

This study identified the health habits affecting health status of industrial workers. Data was collected from 965 workers in 58 companies at Buchon. The research conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey and obtained the workers' health examination records. The results were as follows: 1. Among 965 respondents, men were 82.4%, women were 17.6%, 44.5% were of the 30${\sim}$40 age group, the married were 67.4%, the single were 30.8%, high school graduates were 81.1% and 38.8% were of people who worked between 1 and 5 years 2. As far as the seven health habits, current smokers were 52.8%, people who regularly exercise was 28.5%, 7${\sim}$8 hour of sleep, on the average were 71.4%, people eating breakfast nearly every day were 8.8%, and people eating between meals almost every day were 46.5%. Heavy drinkers who drink 3${\sim}$4 times or more per week were 14.2%, 1${\sim}$2 times per week were 32.6% and the obese were 9.3%. 3, Health status of A and B, estimated by doctors in the health examination were 80.8% and C, D1, D2, the unhealthy were 19.2%. For men, those who reported more than women in unhealthy groups and the results regarding health status reflects those for gender, educational level and age. That is to say that, lower educational level group and over 30 years of age group perceive their health to be worse than the higher educational level and under 30 age group. And these differences were statistically significant. 4. The relationship between health habits and health status were examined based on the odds ratio. Current smokers had a consistently worse health status than a non smokers with a 1.98 odds ratio. The workers who reported eating breakfast rarely or never were more associated with the unhealthy group than the regular breakfast eating group with a 2.96 odds ratio. One or more drink per week had a worse health status than a never or a little drinker with a 1.56 odds ratio. 5. General health habit score and duration of work were selected as significant factors influencing health status from the result of logistic regression analysis. According to the results of this model, the odds ratio of good health status was 2.08 for good health habit score, 1.63 for workers who worked five years or more duration at work. In summary, good health habits were associated with good health status. In particular, the workers who had 5 or more desirable health habits had a significantly better health status than the workers who had 4 or less than 4 good health habits. Therefore, in order to provide the health promotion programs to workers it is necessary to organize clear health management plans based on effective health education and health service perspective. If further research examines health habits and health status using a prospective study design, More precise findings for health promotion program development in the worksite and worksite health management planning.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2003

Background : According to the study in ICOPER (International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry), the overall mortality rate of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (APTE) at 3 months is 17.4%. According to the study for current status of APTE in Japan, the hospital mortality rate is 14%. Although the incidence and mortality rate of APTE has been increasing, patient characteristics, management strategies, and outcome of APTE in the Korean population have not yet been assessed in large series. We therefore performed the national survey for the current status of APTE in the Korean population. Methods : 808 registry patients with APTE were analyzed with respect to clinical characteristics, risk factors, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and clinical outcome. Results : Main risk factors were immobilization, recent major surgery, and cancer. Common symptoms were dyspnea and chest pain. Common signs were tachypnea and tachycardia. The majority of registry patients underwent lung perfusion scanning. Spiral CT was used in 309 patients(42.9%), and angiography in 48 patients(7.9%). Heparin was the most widely used treatment. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, onset in hospital (odds ratio 1.88, p=0.0385), lung cancer (odds ratio 9.20, p=0.0050), tachypnea (odds ratio 3.50, p=0.0001), shock (odds ratio 6.74, p=0.0001), and cyanosis (odds ratio 3.45, p=0.0153) were identified as significant prognostic factors. The overall mortality rate was 16.9% and mortality associated with APTE was 9.0%. Conclusions : The present registry demonstrated the clinical characteristics, diagnostic strategies, management and outcome of patient with APTE in Korea. The mortality rate was 9.0%, and the predictors of mortality were onset in hospital, lung cancer, tachypnea, shock, and cyanosis. These results may be important for risk stratification as well as for the identification of potential candidates for more aggressive treatment.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2002

Gly460Trp polymorphism of a-adducin gene has been reported to be associated with hypertension in some populations, and we, therefore, attempted to replicate this finding in Korean population. There were no significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies of Gly460Trp polymorphism in Korean normotensives and hypertensives, respectively. The meta-analysis revealed that the Mantel-Haenszel estimate of the odds ratio across the studies was 1.17 (95%CI 1.04-1.31), and that there was significant evidence against homogeneity of the odds ratio among the studies included (Breslow-Day test = 27.34, df = 9, p = 0.001). Although the meta- analysis appeared in favour of association between the Gly4601tf polymorphism of $\alpha$-adducin gene and hypertension, there was the considerable heterogeneity among the studies and the evidence is also rather borderline. Further comprehensive approaches are needed to resolve this debatable issue.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.427-434
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• 1999

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine, by reviewing the literature, whether treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia affects symptoms. Methods: We retrieved the literature using MEDLINE search, with nonulcer dyspepsia and Hericobacter pylori and treatment as key words, which were reported from 1984 to 1998, and manual literature search. The criteria for inclusion was as follows; 1) The paper should have confirmed nonulcer dyspepsia as case definition. 2) The paper should have peformed a randomized, blind trial. 3) Confirmation of Helicobacter pylori eradication should be done 4 weeks after treatment. 4) studies with no information on measurement of symptoms after treatment were not accepted. The percentage of patients with symptom improvement after eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection was calculated. Cumulative odds ratio was compared by fixed effect model and random effect model as sensitivity and funnel plot was used to evaluate publication bias. Results: The overall effect size of symptom improvement was calculated by cumulative odds ratio. Cumulative odds ratio of random effect model was 4.16(95% CI: 1.55-11.19). Before integrating each effect sizes into common effect size, the homogeneity test was conducted and random effect model was selected(Cochran's Q=41.08 (d.f=10, p<0.001)). The heterogeneity across studies was evaluated and the different methodological aspects of studies led to differences between study results Conclusions: The results suggest that the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia results more symptom improvement. In studios that shows the opposite results there are methodological aspects explaining the heterogeneity.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.199-209
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• 2011

In the study of traffic safety, the analysis on factors affecting crash severity and the understanding about their relationship is important to be planning and execute to improve safety of road and traffic facilities. The purpose of this study is to develop a hierarchical binomial logistic model to identify the significant factors affecting fatal injuries and vehicle damages of traffic crashes on freeway. Two models on death and total vehicle damage are developed. The hierarchical structure of response variable is composed of two level, crash-occupant and crash-vehicle. As a result, we have gotten the crash-level random effect from these hierarchical structure as well as the fixed effect of covariates, namely odds ratio. The crash on the main line and in-out section have greater damage than other facilities. Injuries and vehicle damages are severe in case of traffic violations, centerline invasion and speeding. Also, collision crash and fire occurrence is more severe damaged than other crash types. The surrounding environment of surface conditions by climate and visibility conditions by day and night is a significant factor on crash occurrence. On the orher hand, the geometric condition of road isn't.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.1 s.52
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• pp.91-102
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• 1996

Low back pain patients and controls of shipyard workers were surveyed between June 1995 and September 1995 to identify risk factors of industrial low back pain. The patients were 17 male workers who had got medical treatment for over 3 days because of industrial back pain. Controls were 51 male workers who had not have musculoskeletal disorder for one year before the survey. By univariate analysis, the workers who did overtime work 4 times or more for the last 2 weeks showed odds ratio of 3.67 on low back pain with the workers who did less overtime work. Carrying heavy materials was also associated with the low back pain and the odds ratio increased with the increase of carrying weight. Work space and work posture were not associated with the low back pain significantly. The welder had higher odds ratio than the other workers on low back pain. The duration of employment and job satisfaction did not affect the risk of low back pain. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that frequency of overtime work for the last 2 weeks and carrying heavy materials among the risk factors were associated significantly with the low back pain. We found that important risk factors of low back pain of shipyard workers are work intensity factors such as overtime work and carrying heavy weight.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.307-313
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for uterine myoma diagnosed by ultrasonography in Korea women and to evaluate the risk. Among the patients who visited the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology at I hospital in Busin between January 2019 and March 2021 for the purpose of examination, 98 patients in the experimental group diagnosed with uterine myoma and 163 patients in the normal control group without other diseases were retrospectively conducted. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, age, body mass index, parity, and menopause showed significant differences between the myoma group and the normal control group. ROC(receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to obtain the cut off value and odds ratio that can predict the occurrence of uterine myoma. The cut off value for the prediction of uterine myoma was determined to be 30 years old and a body mass index of 23 kg/m². After that adjusting for menopause, non menopausal cases with a body mass index of 23 kg/m² and over 39 years of age had the highest odds ratio of 6.04. Therefore, premenopausal women over 40 years of age require regular checkups and thorough weight management. This study was conducted with a small number of subjects. Therefore, there is a limit to generalizing to all Korean women. However, based on this study if a large scale prospective study considering various variables is made, it can play a role as a predictive marker in early detection of uterine myoma.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2012

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a life-long chronic course with remissions and exacerbations. Use of biological therapies may reduce or delay the surgical procedures in patients with UC. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of infliximab (IFX) use on the rate of remission, surgical interventions, and the effect on quality of life in patients with moderate to severe UC. Literature was searched for studies that investigated the efficacy of IFX on the rate of remission, colectomy and quality of life (QoL) between January 1990 and June 2012 at MEDLINE, January 1988 and June 2012 at EMbase and others. Eleven trials were included in the meta-analysis; divided into placebo controlled 8 trials and intravenous corticosteroid controlled group 3 trials. In comparison to placebo control groups, patients who received IFX had an odds ratio (OR) of 3.712 (95% CI: 2.714, 5.079) for the short-term clinical remission, and 3.053 (95% CI: 2.044, 4.559) for the rate of long-term remission. In colectomy rate and quality of life (QoL), odds ratio were 0.566(95% CI: 0.387, 0.827) and 0.658 (0.505, 0.811) respectively. Any adverse reactions including infections, infusion reaction, rash and arthralgia were equivalent in both groups. Compared with intravenous corticosteroid controlled group, patients who received IFX had lower remission rate with short-term odds ratio 0.227 (95% CI: 0.033, 1.556) and long-term odds ratio 1.054 (95% CI: 0.317, 3.502) respectively. However, statistical significance was not showed with both two analyses. The higher adverse drug reaction (ADR) rates were occurred in the corticosteroid controlled groups. 73.3% of patients treated corticosteroid reported Cushing-like syndrome with moon face. In conclusion, IFX does increase remission rate and decrease the rate of colectomy in patients with UC without elevating any adverse reactions significantly. IFX also improves QoL in moderate to severe UC patients. It would not exceed the efficacy of intravenous corticosteroid, whereas intravenous corticosteroid also reported high rate of adverse reactions.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1199-1205
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• 2009

The purpose of this case-control study was done to examine the relationship among the cerebral infarction, blood lipids and homocysteine. We compared the components of blood lipids and homocysteine between cerebral infarction patients group (n=127) and controls group (n=158). We performed Pearson's chi-square test and Student's t-test for univariate analysis, Binary logistic regression for multivariate analysis to evaluate risk factors of cerebral infarction and Pearson's correlation analysis to investigate correlation between blood lipids and homocysteine. The results were as follows. The blood levels of High density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-Chol) and Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Chol) were significantly lower in patients group, while age, the blood levels of Triglyceride(TG) and homocysteine were significantly higher in patients group. Hypertension had a 4.62 odds ratio, $TG{\geq}150\;mg/d{\ell}$ had a 2.33 odds ratio, HDL-Chol ${\leq}40\;mg/d{\ell}$ had a 6.85 odds ratio, but sex, DM, T-Chol, LDL-Chol had no direct relationship with odds ratio(non significant). In addition, among T-Chol and TG , HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol, they had positive correlation each other. Between TG and HDL-Chol had negative correlation each other. Homocysteine was not correlated with blood lipids adjusted for age and sex. These results suggest that low HDL-Chol and high TG may be risk factor of cerebral infarction. The correlation between homocysteine and blood lipids was not proven.y urther reserch on the subject is needed.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to analyze the medical utilization of low back pain (LBP) patients after back surgery and estimate the medical costs of Korean and Western medicine collaborative treatment, odds ratio, and hazard ratio between the two groups using the 2019 Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS-2019). Methods Data management and descriptive analysis, logistic regression, and survival analysis were conducted for defining and estimating the LBP patients after back surgery in the NPS 2019 dataset. Results A total of 216,424 patients out of 991,189 were identified as having LBP. Among the patients with LBP, 1,734 were treated with surgery while 214,690 were not. Among those who had surgery, 937 were treated with conventional treatments only and 797 underwent Korean medicine treatments. The odds ratio of the logistic regression analysis was 0.7129, suggesting that Korean medical treatment experience group had a 28.7% lower risk of reoperation than the Western medical treatments only group. The hazard ratio of the survival analysis was 0.9145; thus, the risk probability of reoperation was estimated to be approximately 8.55% lower. The 50% risk of reoperation was 69 days (0.5044) for the conventional group, and 97 days (0.5008) for the Korean medical group in the survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier graph. Conclusions These results could be utilized in future studies in conducting economic evaluation for estimating cost-effectiveness of Western medicine and Korean medicine treatment compared to Western medicine alone in LBP patients after back surgery in a South Korean perspective. mended and should be applied while taking the necessary precautions.