• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.12
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• pp.619-627
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• 2021

Pediatric obesity has become a serious public health issue. The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has increased worldwide and in Korea over several decades. Obese children are more likely to be obese adults with an increased cardiovascular risk. Therefore, maintaining a healthy weight and preventing obesity during childhood are of critical importance. Moreover, obese children and adolescents often have endocrine comorbidities such as prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and central precocious puberty. Hence, the early implementation of obesity management using a multidisciplinary team approach and screening for these comorbidities in obese children and adolescents are required with the appropriate management of each comorbidity and/or specialist referral.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

Prevalence of pediatric obesity has increased worldwide in the last 20 years. Obese children suffer not only physical complications but also mental health problems such as depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and eating disorders, as well as psychosocial impairments, such as school adjustment problems, bullying, and low self-esteem. Recently, there have been some studies on the association of mental health problems and pediatric obesity. In the treatment of pediatric obesity, many previous studies suggest multidisciplinary treatment. However, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has attracted attention because obese children are accompanied by body image distortion, emotion dysregulation, and difficulties in stimulus control. This review is a narrative summary of the recent studies on mental health problems and CBT in pediatric obesity. The relationship between depression/anxiety and pediatric obesity is still inconsistent but recent studies have revealed a bidirectional relation between depression and obesity. Additionally, some studies suggest that obese children may have eating disorder symptoms, like loss of control eating, and require therapeutic intervention for pediatric obesity treatment. Furthermore, impulsivity and inattention of ADHD symptom is thought to increase the risk of obesity. It has also been suggested that CBT can be very effective for mental health problems such as depression, impulsivity, and body image distortion, that may coexist with pediatric obesity, and use of multimedia and application can be useful in CBT.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.213-219
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• 2004

Obesity is the condition that excess fat stored in the body. Nowadays, the prevalence of obesity has greatly increased due to westernized dietary habits and changes in lifestyle. It has been proved that obesity is a risk factor of many diseases. Many methods were developed to find curative means for obesity and exercise and controlling diet were considered very effective ones. In order to find the theraputic effect of the exercise and food diary, we examined patients treated by electric accupuncture and ear accupuncture because of obesity. We observed 16 patients with obesity who visited KyungHee Univ., Kangnam Hospital of Oriental Medicine from November, 2002 to March, 2003. To rule out an bias, we excluded the patients who were treated for other disease or took medicine. Exercise in hospital was not effective for treatment of obesity, but keeping diary of diet was effcetive for the decrease of body weight(p<0.05).

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.17-27
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was designed to confirm the ethnic and socioeconomic differences in the obesity of Uzbekistan. Methods: From 139 patients, visited Korean-Uzbekistan friendship hospital of Korean Medicine, gathered the information of the sex, height, weight, ethnic group, economic status, education level, self-desired weight, self-perception of weight status and experiences of weight reduction. Also patients completed the 10 questions about the association between obesity and disease. Results: Koreans in Uzbekistan showed a significant lower value of body mass index (BMI) and a significant higher understanding between obesity and disease than other ethics. Socioeconomic differences in the obesity were not confirmed. People of Uzbekistan showed a little experience of weight reduction. Conclusions: Koreans in Uzbekistan have a different prevalence and perception of the obesity with other ethnics. Researches about the relationship between obesity and metabolic factors, and prevention programs for obesity and metabolic syndrome are needed for the public health of Uzbekistan.

• Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2024

The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide. Obesity in children and adolescents not only increases the risk of transitioning to obesity in adulthood but also increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases such as high blood glucose, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, and hyperinsulinemia during childhood. The goal of treating obesity in children and adolescents is not to focus on weight loss but to help children reach a healthy weight while maintaining normal growth appropriate for their age and sex. To achieve this goal, regular physical activity and exercise, dietary modification, improvement of obesity-prone environmental factors, and behavioral changes are required for a healthy lifestyle. If appropriate weight control is not achieved through lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy may be considered for adolescents with severe obesity aged 12 and above. Recent clinical trials have reported the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in severely obese adolescents. Currently, two medications can be prescribed in Korea for patients with obesity aged 12 and above: Orlistat and Liraglutide. However, despite effective weight control through drug treatment, body weight may increase again after treatment discontinuation. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate adherence to health behaviors during visits and continue to educate on lifestyle modifications, even during pharmacotherapy, to minimize weight regain.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.519-524
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• 2010

This clinical study was done to examine comparison the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity index between patients with silent lacunar infarction and normal controls. We compared the components of metabolic syndrome and obesity index between patients silent lacunar infarction(n=62) and normal controls(n=72). The analysis of the data was done by Frequency Analysis, two sample t-test, Chi-square Test. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in patients of silent lacunar infarctions. Body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage, obesity ratio, metabolic syndrome were higher significantly in patients of silent lacunar infarctions than normal controls. Although statistically insignificant, waist circumference showed relatively higher in patients of silent lacunar infarction. This result emphasizes the importance of managing that hypertension, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage, obesity ratio, metabolic syndrome in silent lacunar infarction.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2010

Objectives The recent prevalence rate of obesity in children is increasing, but so far the majority of ongoing research is focused on obesity in adults. Even comparison studies between obesity in adults and in children are insufficient at this stage. Thus, our research will investigate the characteristics of obesity in children based on the comparison with adults. Methods The blood levels including glucose, cholesterol, AST, ALT of obese children and obese adults were compared and analyzed. Results From comparison studies, the levels of glucose, cholesterol, ALT in adults were higher than in children. In order to take account the age differences, only the rate of abnormal levels based on the reference range were compared. As a result, the abnormal rate in blood cholesterol level was higher in children. Conclusions Childhood obesity may develop complications at early age and has high potential risk to result in adult obesity as well. Therefore, child obesity needs to be treated with more caution and careful attention.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.231-238
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, and glucose according to obesity degree by body fat percentage in female university students. Methods: A total of 231 subjects were participated between July and December 2010. The anthropometric measures and blood analyzer were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with SPSS 18.0. Results: Percentage of body fat (PBF)-defined obesity had higher prevalence than body mass index (BMI)-defined obesity. Weight, BMI, PBF, fat mass, Waist to hip ratio (WHR), Systolic blood pressure (SBP), Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in obesity group were higher than normal group and Soft lean mass and Low density lipoprotein (LDL) in obesity group were lower than normal group. There were significant correlations between PFB, SBP, DBP, Triglyceride (TC), High density lipoprotein (HDL), and LDL. Conclusion: In conclusion, when screening for obesity in female university students, body fat should be considered. It is needed to develop obesity management program according to obesity degree and to identify the effectiveness.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.317-330
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• 2018

We develop a mathematical model for the obesity dynamics to investigate the long term obesity trend with the consideration of psychological and social factors due to the increasing prevalence of obesity around the world. Many mathematical models for obesity dynamics adopted the modeling idea of infectious disease and treated overweight and obese people infectious and spreading obesity to normal weight. However, this modeling idea is not proper in obesity modeling because obesity is not an infectious disease. In fact, weight gain and loss are related to social interactions among different weight groups not only in the direction from overweight/obese to normal weight but also the other way around. Thus, we consider these aspects in our model and implement personal weight gain feature, a psychological factor such as body image dissatisfaction, and social interactions such as positive support on weight loss and negative criticism on weight status from various weight groups. We show that the equilibrium point with no normal weight population will be unstable and that an equilibrium point with positive normal weight population should have all other components positive. We conduct computer simulations on Korean demography data with our model and demonstrate the long term obesity trend of Korean male as an example of the use of our model.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.113-120
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• 2005

Objectives: The worldwide epidemic of obesity is reporting but also in Korea. But there are few studies reporting with a community-based longitudinal data in Korea. This issues objects to measure the prevalence and evaluate the trends of overweight based on the repeated cross-sectional studies at a rural community adults during 10 years. Methods: With 1990~1999 Yang-Pyeong Cohort Baseline Survey Dataset, BMI is calculated and Overweight is categorized according to the classification of overweight in adult by Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. Results and Conclusions: Crude BMI means at 1990 is estimated to $22.0Kg/m^2$ and at 1999, $24.4Kg/m^2$(p for trend<0.0001). Trends of age adjusted BMI has borderline significant, but that of Age and Sex adjusted BMI is statistically significant(p for trend=0.039). In male population the change of the overweight prevalence from 1990 to 1999 is 35%, and in female population the change is 21.9%(Z=0.55). Female has more increased prevalence than male, but the change is more dominant in male than in female. At a rural community, obesity has markedly been increasing during the past decade and female in a rural community has higher prevalence of overweight.