• Applied Microscopy
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 1997

The ultrastrucures of Xenopus otic vesicle from normal embryo (st. 43) and induced otic vesicle from animal cap assay with Activin A were compared. Activin A was applied to the presumptive ectoderm at various concentrations for three days at $20^{\circ}C$. The results were almost identical to the reference studies, but it was found that the otic vesicle was induced at the concentration of 10 ng/ml in to)v rate. This otic vesicle may be secondarily induced by the neural tissue showed commonly at the concentration of 10 ng/ml. Otoliths were observed as three or four-axis crystaline bodies in the lumen of otic vesicle. In electron micrograph of the normal embryo, two kinds of microvilli were observed on the apical position of hair cells. One was small and common, the other was large-sized and sparsely distributed. In both cell of otic vesicle, mitochondria, golgi apparatus and multivesicular body were rich, so, they showed a lot of similarities in ultrastructure. However, the otolith was not found and microvilli were overexpressed in the otic vesicle induced by Activin A.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.94-102
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• 1990

무미 양서류발생중에 근절 예정 부위의 최전방에 나타나는 cranial myotomes인 W, X, Y, Z는 후기 배 발생중에 "reduction"을 나타내는 특이한 체절이다. Cranial Myotome이 programmed autonomous death를 수행하는지 또는 otic vesicle과 같은 주위 조직의 영향에 의해 reduction을 일으키는지에 대한 가설을 검증하기 위해 Xenopus를 재료로 하여 서술적인 면과 조직이식을 통한 발생학적 실험을 수행하였다. 먼저 주위의 otic vesicle을 제거하여도 W, X, Y, Z degeneration에는 아무런 영향도 없었으며 otic vesicle을 체절을 따라 새로운 지역으로 이식하여도 그 부위에서 체절이 사라지는 현상이 유도되지 않았다. 한편, WXYZ형성 예정지역을 trunk somite 부위로 이식한 결과 원래대로 reduction을 나타내었고 truck somite 형성조직을 WXYZ 부위로 이식하여도 원래의 운명대로 분화하였다. 따라서 cranial myotome은 근육이 분절되는 발생시기에 도달하면 주위의 조직에 상관없이 예정된 운명에 따라 자동적으로 소멸되는 것으로 결론지을 수 있다.결론지을 수 있다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.172-177
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• 2013

본 연구는 개 외이염에 대한 enrofloxacin-silver sulfadiazine (Baytril$^{(R)}$ otic, Bayer, USA)의 치료효과를 평가하는 것이다. 24두의 외이염 이환견을 대상으로 처치군에는 바이트릴 오틱을, 대조군에는 증류수를 이도내 7일간 국소투약한 후 7일후에 임상증상, 미생물 및 효모균수를 통해 효과를 비교하였다. 또한 외이염에서 분리된 세균 및 효모균에 대한 바이트릴 오틱의 최소억제농도를 산출하였다. 주요 분리균으로는 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp and Malassezia pachydermatis.이었다. 임상증상의 경감은 81%, 미생물수는 87% 감소하였다. 바이트릴 오틱은 분리된 균에 대한 살균효과가 충분하였고 국소투약에 대한 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 바이트릴 오틱은 개의 외이염 감염에 대한 효과적이며 안전한 제제로 판단된다.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.14-24
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• 2024

The O-RAN Alliance is responsible for defining the technical and testing specifications of open radio access networks, aiming for openness, virtualization, and intelligence in these networks. Recently, the application of Korea Open Testing and Integration Center (OTIC) to this alliance has been approved, enabling the issuance of O-RAN certificates and badges. An OTIC plays a crucial role as a testing facility in performing conformance verification and interoperability tests for O-RAN functions and interfaces. In addition, it enables end-to-end system verification adhering to O-RAN principles and processes. These activities can substantially contribute to enhancing the competitiveness of domestic O-RAN products and activating the corresponding ecosystem. We comprehensively describe the O-RAN certification and badging processes. Additionally, we analyze end-to-end test cases that are essential for the proper deployment and operation of 5G systems including O-RANs.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2010

Purpose: The clinical utility of brain computed tomography (CT) in detecting temporal bone fracture is not well established. We performed this study to determine the utility of brain computed tomography (CT) in detecting fractures of the temporal bones in correlation with fracture patterns. We used high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) as the gold standard for diagnosing temporal bone fracture and its pattern. Methods: From January 2007 to December 2009, patients who underwent both brain CT and HRCT within 10 days of head trauma were investigated. Among them, 58 cases of temporal bone fracture confirmed by HRCT were finally included. Fracture patterns (transverse or non-transverse, otic capsule sparing or otic capsule violating) were determined by HRCT. Brain CT findings in correlation with fracture patterns were analyzed. Results: Among 58 confirmed cases of temporal bone fracture by HRCT, 14 cases (24.1%) were not detected by brain CT. Brain CT showed a significantly lower ability to detect temporal bone fracture with transverse component than without transverse component (p=0.020). Moreover, brain CT showed lower ability to detect otic capsule violating pattern than otic capsule sparing pattern (p=0.015). Among the 14 cases of temporal bone fracture that were not detected by brain CT, 4 cases lacked any objective physical findings (facial palsy, hemotympanum, external auditory canal bleeding) suggesting fractures of the temporal bones. Conclusion: Brain CT showed poor ability to detect temporal bone fracture with transverse component and otic capsule violating pattern, which is associated with a poorer clinical outcome than otic capsule sparing pattern. Routine use of HRCT to identify temporal bone fracture is warranted, even in cases without evidence of temporal bone fracture on brain CT scans or any objective physical findings suggestive of temporal bone fracture.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.301-304
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• 2013

1년 간 우측 귀에 재발성 외이염을 앓다가 이도 내 종괴가 발견된 19개월령의 중성화된 수컷 잡종 고양이에서 종괴의 제거를 시행하였다. 전신마취 후 2.7 mm 내시경을 우측 이도로 삽입하였으며, 원활한 시야 확보를 위해 이도 내 세척을 동시에 시행하였다. 이도 내에서 4.9 mm 직경의 둥근 붉은색 종괴가 확인되었고 traction-avulsion 방법으로 제거되었다. 제거 후 고막 파열이 확인되었으며, 고실 내의 삼출물 제거를 위해 0.9% 멸균생리식염수로 귀를 플러싱하였다. 제거된 종괴는 조직검사 결과 심한 궤양을 동반한 육아조직으로 진단되었다. 술 후 환축은 특별한 부작용을 나타내지 않았으며, 5개월이 경과된 현재 재발의 징후는 발견되지 않았다. 비디오 이경검사법의 사용은 고양이 염증성 폴립의 치료를 위한 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1997년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.195.1-195
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• 1997

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.695-702
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• 2018

The inner ear is a complex sensory organ responsible for hearing and balance. Formation of the inner ear is dependent on tight regulation of spatial and temporal expression of genes that direct a series of developmental processes. Recently, epigenetic regulation has emerged as a crucial regulator of the development of various organs. However, what roles higher-order chromatin organization and its regulator molecules play in inner ear development are unclear. CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is a highly conserved 11-zinc finger protein that regulates the three-dimensional architecture of chromatin, and is involved in various gene regulation processes. To delineate the role of CTCF in inner ear development, the present study investigated inner ear-specific Ctcf knockout mouse embryos (Pax2-Cre; $Ctcf^{fl/fl}$). The loss of Ctcf resulted in multiple defects of inner ear development and severely compromised otic neurogenesis, which was partly due to a loss of Neurog1 expression. Furthermore, reduced Neurog1 gene expression by CTCF knockdown was found to be associated with changes in histone modification at the gene's promoter, as well as its upstream enhancer. The results of the present study demonstrate that CTCF plays an essential role in otic neurogenesis by modulating histone modification in the Neurog1 locus.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.37.1-37.6
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• 2021

This study evaluated the efficacy of a new, single-dose otic solution combining florfenicol, terbinafine, and mometasone furoate for the treatment of canine otitis externa (OE) in vitro and in vivo. Forty-one client-owned dogs with OE were included in the study and divided into a treatment group that received the test solution and a negative control group that received a normal saline solution. On day 0, the dogs were treated either with the test or the control solution and evaluated over 30 days. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by clinical signs and cytological organism counts. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). After treatment with the test solution, clinical signs continuously decreased and cytological scores were significantly reduced. The results of MIC testing showed that the test solution was potent against the common pathogenic causes of canine OE. In this study, the most common causative pathogens were Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Pseudomonas spp. and Malassezia pachydermatis. No issues related to safety were identified. Based on these results, this new ototopical drug can be used as first line treatment for canine OE.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.84-87
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• 2011

Branchio-otic syndrome(BOS) is a relatively uncommon genetic malformation associated with dysmorphogenesis of the first and second branchial arches and is characterized by branchial fistulae, congenital preauricular fistulae, and anomalies of the pinnae, external, middle, and inner ears, accompanied by hearing loss. Recently, we experienced a case of BOS in a 10 years old female patient and report this case with a review of literature. 10-year-old girl presented with hearing impairment, bilateral preauricular fistula and cervical fistula. The pure tone audiometry revealed that she had 60dB sensorineural hearing loss on right side and 90dB mixed hearing loss on left. Bilateral branchial fistula was found on the neck CT scan and bilateral ossicular and cochlear abnormality combined with enlarged internal auditory canal was noted on the temporal bone CT scan. To investigate the association with EYA1 gene, we performed DNA sequncing with peripheral white blood cell and found the point mutations on Exon 7, 12 and 16 of EYA1 gene. The preauricular fistula and branchial fistula was excised surgically and hearing aid was applied on her left side. There was no sign of fistula recurrence for seven years after the surgery.