• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.533-541
• /
• 2004

활성단층 연구가 시작된 이래로 제4기 퇴적층에 대한 관심이 높아지게 되었으며 단구 지형에 퇴적된 미고결 퇴적물에 대하여 많은 자료가 축척되어 있으나, 지금까지 고결된 제4기 지층에 대한 자료는 보고 된 바 없다. 토함산 동쪽의 탐정리와 장항리에는 단단하게 고화되어 있는 역층이 두껍게 발달하고 있다. 이 층을 조양도폭(Tateiwa, 1924)에서는 연일층군의 기저역암인 천북역암으로 보았으며, 손문 등(2000)는 제3기 퇴적분지인 와읍분지 남서부 지괴를 구성하고 있는 송전층에 대비한 바 있으나, 이 퇴적층의 분포를 추적하여 보면 제4기의 미고결 역질층과 정면으로 대치되고 있다. 이 역질층에 협재되어 있는 적갈색 내지 청회색의 사질층에 대한 OSL 연대 측정결과 85∼92ka의 연대가 산출되었으므로 신제3기 전기 마이오세의 천북역암이 아닌 제4기 최후기 간빙기(MIS 5c∼5e)로 확인되었다. 이 역질층을 토함산층으로 명명하였으며 거각력질 층준과 역질 층준으로 분류된다. 이 층은 연일구조선의 분절단층인 외동단층과 연일단층에 의하여 규제되는 북북동방향의 장방형 퇴적분지 내에서 발달하고 있으며, 이 분지를 토함분지라 정하였다. 플라이오세부터 가해진 동서압축력에 의한 서향 역단층 운동은 최후기 간빙기 동안인 약 10만 년 전 까지 계속되었으며, 서향압축에 수반된 정단층이 동쪽으로 일어나 붕적층이 퇴적되어 토함분지가 형성되었다.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.39-54
• /
• 2019

In this paper, based on evidence of coastal sediment, we show that erosion and sedimentation environments are very sensitive to sea level changes during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Little Ice Age (LIA). We identified four sedimentary units(4.57-3.07m), which formed in the Dark Age Cool Period (DACP), MWP and LIA were classified based on the lithostratigraphy, grain size distribution, magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry of a drilling core taken from the west coast of Hwaseong City. The unconformity surfaces as boundaries of the units were also identified by the lithostratigraphy shown on the drilling core. We propoese that sedimentation was dominant in the area during the periods of sea level rise, whereas erosion prevailed during the periods of sea level fall. Particularly, extreme events, such as floods and typhoons are believed to have accelerated these processes, and we found the associated evidence in sediments of two units. This study provides an example of estimating the relative sea level variation using coastal sediments and may be useful for studying past sea level changes around the Korean Peninsula.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.21-31
• /
• 2019

Timing of terrace formation is a key information for understanding the evolution of fluvial systems. In particular, dating strath terrace (i.e. timing of terrace abandonment) is more difficult than depositional terrace that is conventionally constrained by radiocarbon, OSL and other dating methods targeting samples within terrace deposit. Surface exposure dating utilizing cosmogenic ¹⁰Be provides more reliability because it can be applied directly to the surface of a fluvial terrace. Thus, this method has been increasingly used for alluvial deposits. As well as other geomorphic surfaces over the last decades. Some inherent conditions, however, such as post-depositional ¹⁰Be concentration (i.e. inheritance), surface erosion rate, and density change challenge the application of cosmogenic ¹⁰Be to depositional terrace surface against simple bedrock surface. Here we present the first application of ¹⁰Be depth profile dating to a thin-gravel covered strath terrace in Korea. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) helped us in better constraining the timing of abandonment of the strath terrace, since which its surface stochastically denuded with time, causing unexpected change of ¹⁰Be production with depth. The age of the strath terrace estimated by MCS was 109 ka, ~4% older than the one (104 ka) calculated by simple depth profile dating, which yielded the best-fit surface erosion rate of 2.1 mm/ka. Our study demonstrates that the application of ¹⁰Be depth profile dating of strath terrace using MCS is more robust and reliable because it considers post-depositional change of initial conditions such as erosion rate.

• 대한지리학회지
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2011

대자율 및 입도 분석, OSL 연대측정, 주원소, 희토류 및 미량원소 분석을 통해 거창 정장리 뢰스-고토양의 물리, 화학적 특징을 파악하였다. 거창 뢰스-고토양 연속층의 입도 특성은 하안단구를 형성하는 하천퇴적층 그리고 중국 뢰스고원과는 차이를 보인다. 뢰스-고토양 층서 가운데 L1과 L1L1은 MIS 2, L1S1은 MIS 3, L1L2는 MIS 4, S1은 MIS 5, L2는 MIS 6에 대비되므로 거창단면이 위치하는 하안단구는 MIS 7에 형성된 것으로 판단된다. 다만 MIS 3 시기에 남부지방이 중부지방보다 더 온난습윤하였을 가능성이 있다. 주원소와 희토류 원소, 미량원소 조성은 거창의 뢰스-고토양이 중국 뢰스고원보다 풍화가 더 많이 진행되었으며 중국 뢰스고원에서 기원하였음을 지시한다. 이것은 한반도의 다른 지역에서 이루어진 연구 결과와 조화된다.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.157-168
• /
• 2012

언양단면은 울산광역시 울주군 삼남면 신화리의 삼동천이 태화강에 유입하는 지점에 위치한다. 언양단면에서 OSL 연대측정, 대자율, Y값 및 입도 분석 등 다양한 물리적 분석을 행하였다. 상부층의 조립 물질은 바람에 의해 주로 근거리에서 운반되었으며, 점이층과 하부층의 조립 물질은 유수에 의해 퇴적되었다. 언양단면은 대자율 변화의 불규칙성, Y값의 높은 편차, 매우 불량한 분급 등 한국의 봉동, 거창, 대천 등 다른 지역 퇴적층과 차이가 크다. 이러한 언양단면의 특성은 기존의 중국 뢰스고원과 인접한 범람원 등 다양한 기원지로부터 운반되었거나 다른 작용의 영향을 전체적으로 받았을 가능성을 시사한다. 언양단면의 퇴적물은 MIS 3 후기부터 MIS 2 시기까지 형성되었다.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.63-80
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and formation age of sand dunes in the Okjukdong and Dajindong, Daecheong Island. As a result, most of the sand deposited in Okjukdong were composed of medium sized sand with moderately well sorted. The $SiO_2$ and $Al_2O_3$ accounted for a very high proportion of these deposits. There were some differences in characteristics between the sands in the dune and beach, whereas similar characteristics were observed among the materials (OJ-B, OJ-C and OJ-D) in the dune. In case of Dajindong, heterogeneous geochemical characteristics were found in the lower point. It was estimated that this was due to the influence of Daejin-dong black beach. Age dating results showed that uncovered dunes in Okjukdong were deposited $0.44{\pm}0.02$ ~ $0.50{\pm}0.02ka$, and sand depositsin Dajindong were formed $0.16{\pm}0.01$ ~ $0.18{\pm}0.01ka$. In both Okjukdong and Dajindong, sand deposits estimated to be formed 70 years ago, therefore it can be estimated that sand movement was active throughout the area from about hundred years ago. In this study area, the growth of sand dunes has been active in recent several decades or hundred years. It seems that there were different regions where deposits predominated over time. The source of dune sand was also different from time to time. Since the windbreak forest was established, the natural growth of sand dunes was limited, and sand nourishment was carried out by period. Therefore, in order to protect and continuously utilize coastalsand dunesin Daecheong Island, it is necessary to prepare conservation plan.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.417-432
• /
• 2016

이번 연구에서는 해남군 이진리 해안단구가 마지막 간빙기 최온난기(Marine Isotope Stage 5e; MIS 5e)에 형성되었음을 최초로 밝힌다. 이는 해발고도 4.8 m에서 8.8 m까지의 단구이며, 4개의 unit로 나누어진다(unit I: 4.8-5.3 m, unit II: 5.3-6.8 m, unit III: 6.8-8.3 m, unit IV: 8.3-8.8 m). 연구대상 퇴적층은 10-30 cm 간격으로 입도분포, 대자율, 함수율 등의 물리특성 분석, 주원소와 미량원소 분석, 점토광물 정량분석 등을 실시하였으며, OSL 연대분석을 통하여 unit II와 III이 MIS 5e에 형성된 것으로 추정하였다. 퇴적층에 포함된 원력들은 주변에 하천이 없는 점으로 미루어 주변 배후 산지에서 바다로 유입된 쇄설물들이 바다에서 마모 작용을 받은 후 재퇴적된 것으로 추정된다. 연대측정 결과, 전반적으로 매우 빠른 퇴적률을 보이는 점은 최온난기(125k; unit II 하위)를 전후한 급격한 해수면 상승과 더불어 강우량 등의 증가로 인해 쇄설물 유입이 증가한 것으로 추정된다. 연구 지역의 점토 광물 비를 현재의 조간대, 황해와 비교한 결과, 연구 지역의 퇴적물은 바다의 영향을 많이 받은 것으로 추정된다. 이 결과는 과거 해수면이 높았던 시기의 수문 활동 및 퇴적 환경을 규명하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.27-40
• /
• 2017

This study tries to analyze topographic distribution and characteristics of as well as formative age and incision rate of fluvial terraces in Danyang River on western side and Geum River on eastern side of the northern Sobaek Mountains and to estimate geomorphic development during the late Quaternary in the mountains regarded as one of the uplift axes in the Korean Peninsula. OSL age dating shows that the fluvial terrace I with an altitude above riverbed of approximately 7~13 m in Danyang River has a formative age of approximately 18 ka (MIS 2) and incision rate in the river is approximately 0.156~0.194 m/ka based on the age. Altitudes above riverbed of the fluvial terrace I in Geum River range from approximately 7 to 14 m and the terrace is thought to be older than 70 ka based on age result from aeolian sediments above the terrace deposits, suggestive of an incision rate less than approximately 0.10 m/ka. These results indicate lower uplift rate in the northern Sobaek Mountains than in the Taebaek Mountains. Moreover, it can be suggested that the northern Sobaek Mountains has experienced asymmetric uplift during the late Quaternary, because the river on western side of the northern Sobaek Mountains shows greater uplift rate than the eastern side river does. Low incision rate in Geum River can be attributed to low altitude of the river basin with little difference in altitude from the base level as well as to gentle river slope due to influence of Nakdong River.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.79-92
• /
• 2016

Samples from two boreholes of coastal dune field at Jangho-ri coast, Gochang was studied. These were analyzed by grain size analysis geochemical analysis, and the application of OSL dating method to understand the development during the Holocene. The boreholes SB8 and SB9 were classified into three different sedimentary layers by their mean grain size and geochemical characteristics. The results revealed that the upper sand layer is equivalent to the present coastal dune layer, which developed since 1,200 years ago; the silt layer in the middle to the dune slack or lagoon sedimentation layer, which developed between 1,200 and 6,000 years ago; and the sand layer at the bottom to the paleo coastal dune that developed between 6,000 and 7,000 years ago. It was proposed that the forming material of current coastal dune was supplied from the sandy flat in coastal area, while the middle silt layer was supplied from the weathered soil of a bed rock by the comparison with material of surrounding area. In the case of coastal dune, concentrated layer of sands were identified which were buried about 300 and 1,200 years ago, which is identified as the little ice age. This study confirmed the development of Jangho-ri coastal dunes after Holocene Climate Optimum period, and it is likely to assist in the understanding of coastal dunes development.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 2020

This study tried to reveal incision rate distribution of streams on the northern part of the Sobaek Mountain Range with OSL age dating and geomorphic analysis, and factors influencing on the distribution were also discussed. With results from the previous studies, a total of 10 sites from 7 streams in the study area showed the rates ranging from 0.220 m/ka to 0.297 m/ka. Namhan-gang and Geum-cheon indicated the highest and lowest rates, respectively. Both sides in the northern section in the study area showed similar rates, while the western side in the middle section and the eastern side in the southern section showed higher rates than the other sides. Higher rates were also found from the eastern and northern sides where the Range runs N-S and E-W directions, respectively. Certain relationships with altitude and distance from the divide can be recognized from the rates and may be attributed to active incision with altitude and location of the uplift axis near the present divide. The rates on granite and sedimentary rock were higher than those on metamorphic rock, indicating that bedrock type is one of the important factors influencing on stream incision. Tectonic movement seemed to play some roles in the rates, because areas with lineaments showed lower rates. This study suggests that incision rate distribution of streams on the northern part of the Sobaek Mountain Range reflects various local geomorphic and geologic conditions.