• 상하수도학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2017

This study concerned the analysis on the efficiency of the conversion of water tank type supply system to direct water supply system to examine the feasibility of the conversion, as well as the calculation of optimal conversion range that enables the supply of safe, high-quality water at stable pressure in accordance with the standards of water supply facility. The results of this research showed that when converting water supply system from water tank type supply system to direct water supply system, more nodal points could be properly converted and more reduction of electricity usage was expected in case water pressure rather than residence time was fixed. This means that higher efficacy can be obtained by fixing water pressure when converting water supply system. However, since the number of the locations that received on-spot inspection was small and the electricity usage measured was not exclusively by water supply facility, it is difficult to judge that such reduction of electricity usage accurately represents reduced electricity usage by water supply facility alone. therefore, after having secured on-spot information about a larger number of locations in apartment complexes that have converted water supply system, and utilizing information about electricity usage exclusively by water supply facility, the proposed method of this research could be applied to accurately deducing expected reduction of electricity usage by water supply facilities of various other apartment complexes. It is also considered possible to deduce an effective operation method of water supply system by finding out an area that shows low pressure or low residual chlorine concentration in the optimal conversion range of water supply, followed by estimating the proper location of pumping station or the proper chlorine dosage at the power purification plant that supply water to the target area.

• 센서학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2015

The magnetoelectric characteristics on layered $Fe_{78}B_{13}Si_9/PZT$ and $Fe_{78}B_{13}Si_9/PZT/Fe_{78}B_{13}Si_9$($t_m=0.017$, 0.034mm) composites by epoxy bonding for magnetic field sensor were investigated in the low-frequency range and resonance frequency range. The optimal bias magnetic field $H_{dc}$ of these samples was about 23~63 Oe range. The Me coefficient of $Fe_{78}B_{13}Si_9/PZT/Fe_{78}B_{13}Si_9(t_m=0.034mm)$ composites reaches a maximum of $186mV/cm{\cdot}Oe$ at $H_{dc}=63Oe$, f=50 Hz and a maximum of $1280mV/cm{\cdot}Oe$ at $H_{dc}=63Oe$, resonance frequency $f_r=95.5KHz$. The output voltage shows linearity proportional to ac fields $H_{ac}$ and is about U=0~130.6 mV at $H_{ac}=0{\sim}7Oe$, f=50 Hz, U=0~12.4 V at $H_{ac}=0{\sim}10Oe$, $f_r=95.5KHz$(resonance frequency). The optimal frequency(f=50 Hz) of this sample is around the utility ac frequency(f=60 Hz). Therefore, this sample will allow for ac magnetic field sensor at utility frequency and low bias magnetic fields $H_{dc}$.

• Carbon letters
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2015

Activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by activation of coal tar pitch (CTP) in the range of $700^{\circ}C-1000^{\circ}C$ for 1-4 h using potassium hydroxide (KOH) powder as the activation agent. The optimal activation conditions were determined to be a CTP/KOH ratio of 1:4, activation temperature of $900^{\circ}C$, and activation time of 3 h. The obtained ACs showed increased pore size distribution in the range of 1 to 2 nm and the highest specific capacitance of 122 F/g in a two-electrode system with an organic electrolyte, as measured by a charge-discharge method in the voltage range of 0-2.7 V. In order to improve the performance of the electric double-layer capacitor electrode, various mixtures of CTP and petroleum pitch (PP) were activated at the optimal activation conditions previously determined for CTP. Although the specific capacitance of AC electrodes prepared from CTP only and the mixtures of CTP and PP was not significantly different at a current density of 1 A/g, the AC electrodes from CTP and PP mixtures showed outstanding specific capacitance at higher current rates. In particular, CTP-PP61 (6:1 mixture) had the highest specific capacitance of 132 F/g, and the specific capacitance remained above 90% at a high current density of 3 A/g. It was found that the high specific capacitance could be attributed to the increased micro-pore volume of ACs with pore sizes from 1 to 2 nm, and the high power density could be attributed to the increased meso-pore volume.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ambient thermal environments on the development of swallowtail butterflies (Sericinus montela Gray). Developmental durations and survival rates of S. montela were examined at two crucial developmental stages, embryonic and larval development, at varying temperatures ranging from $15^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$. As expected, our results indicated that increasing temperatures decreased the developmental duration and survival rate of the eggs. However, the larvae and pupae showed maximum survival rates at $20.0^{\circ}C$ and $25.0^{\circ}C$, and the represented durations were similar to those of the eggs. Larval development was stage-specific, revealing that the fourth and fifth instars at the later stages were more susceptible to temperature variation. When considering both parameters, the optimal development of S. montela occurred within the temperature range of $20.0-25.0^{\circ}C$. The lower threshold for the complete development of S. montela from eggs to eclosion of adults was calculated at $10.6^{\circ}C$ by linear regression analysis. The estimated value is similar to that of other endemic insects distributed in temperate climate zones, which indicates that S. montela belongs to a small group of swallowtails adjusted to low ambient temperatures. From the results, we predict that the full development of S. montela could be achieved within the temperature range of $17.5-30.0^{\circ}C$. Embryonic development ceased at both test temperature extremes, and no further larval development proceeded after the third instar at $35.0^{\circ}C$. These results suggest that embryogenesis can be significantly influenced by slight variations in the ambient thermal environment that fall below the optimal range.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.213-227
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• 2023

A passive prismatic-shaped isolation platform (PIP) is proposed to realize enhanced quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) effect. The design concept uses a horizontal spring to produce a tunable negative stiffness and installs oblique springs inside the cells of the prismatic structure to provide a tunable positive stiffness. Therefore, the QZS effect can be achieved by combining the negative stiffness and the positive stiffness. To this aim, firstly, the mathematical modeling and the static analysis are conducted to demonstrate this idea and provide the design basis. Further, with the parametric study and the optimal design of the PIP, the enhanced QZS effect is achieved with widened QZS range and stable property. Moreover, the dynamic analysis is conducted to investigate the vibration isolation performance of the proposed PIP. The analysis results show that the widened QZS property can be achieved with the optimal designed structural parameters, and the proposed PIP has an excellent vibration isolation performance in the ultra-low frequency due to the enlarged QZS range. Compared with the traditional QZS isolator, the PIP shows better performance with a broader isolation frequency range and stable property under the large excitation amplitude.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.237-248
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• 2024

In order to make the dynamic analysis and design of improved composite beam with corrugated steel web (CBGSCC) bridge more efficient and economical, the parametric self-cyclic analysis model (SCAM) was written in Python on Anaconda platform. The SCAM can call ABAQUS finite element software to realize automatic modeling and dynamic analysis. For the CBGSCC bridge, parameters were set according to the general value range of CBGSCC bridge parameters in actual engineering, the SCAM was used to calculate the large sample model generated by parameter coupling, the optimal value range of each parameter was determined, and the sensitivity of the parameters was analyzed. The number of diaphragms effects weakly on the dynamic characteristics. The deck thickness has the greatest influence on frequency, which decreases as the deck thickness increases, and the deck thickness should be 20-25 cm. The vibration frequency increases with the increase of the bottom plate thickness, the web thickness, and the web height, the bottom plate thickness should be 17-23mm, the web thickness should be 13-17 mm, and the web height should be 1.65-1.7 5 m. Web inclination and Skew Angle should not exceed 30°, and the number of diaphragms should be 3-5 pieces. This method can be used as a new method for structural dynamic analysis, and the importance degree and optimal value range of each parameter of CBGSCC bridge can be used as a reference in the design process.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2020

Liver cancer is the most fatal cancer that occurs worldwide. In order to diagnose liver cancer, the patient's physical condition was checked by using a CT technique using radiation. Segmentation was needed to diagnose the liver on the patient's abdominal CT scan, which the radiologists had to do manually, which caused tremendous time and human mistakes. In order to automate, researchers attempted segmentation using image segmentation algorithms in computer vision field, but it was still time-consuming because of the interactive based and the setting value. To reduce time and to get more accurate segmentation, researchers have begun to attempt to segment the liver in CT images using CNNs, which show significant performance in various computer vision fields. The pixel value, or numerical value, of the CT image is called the Hounsfield Unit (HU) value, which is a relative representation of the transmittance of radiation, and usually ranges from about -2000 to 2000. In general, deep learning researchers reduce or limit this range and use it for training to remove noise and focus on the target organ. Here, we observed that the range of HU values was limited in many studies but different in various liver segmentation studies, and assumed that performance could vary depending on the HU range. In this paper, we propose the possibility of considering HU value range as a hyper parameter. U-Net and ResUNet were used to compare and experiment with different HU range limit preprocessing of CHAOS dataset under limited conditions. As a result, it was confirmed that the results are different depending on the HU range. This proves that the range limiting the HU value itself can be a hyper parameter, which means that there are HU ranges that can provide optimal performance for various models.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.181-186
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• 2003

As the approach close-range digital photogrammetry has a variety of merits, the application of precision requiting fields is in Increase for its scope expansion. In the meantime, in case of photographic surveying by use of films, a lot of studies on experiment analysis and theoretical forecast models about a change of the exactness as per photographing coordinates have been conducted, but experiments about approach close-range digital photogrammetry are not enough yet. In consequence, this study has made photographing respectively by changing the photographic distance, converging angle, picturing direction by use of Rollei d7 metric and d7 metric$\^$5/ that is a measurement digital camera. And also in order to minimize the errors happened at the relative orientation, we have sorted out the prototype target that the relative orientation is automatically on the programming and have calculated RMSE by carrying out the bundle adjustment. We think that such a study could be used as very important basic data necessary in deriving the optimal photographic conditions by the close-range digital photogrammetry and in judging such a degree.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.2550-2556
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 노드의 위치정보를 측정함에 있어 거리정보에 기반을 두지 않은 방식(range-free)에서의 라우팅 에너지 효율성을 개선한 ALPS(Ad hoc network Localized Positioning System) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안되는 ALPS 알고리즘은 계층적 클러스터 단위에 소속된 임의의 노드에 대한 위치정보를 RSSI(Received signal strength indication)에 의해 상대적 위치정보를 제공하는 방법이다. 제안된 알고리즘에 따른 위치정보를 사용 할 경우 기존의 DV-hop방식에 따른 노드의 평균 위치정보를 사용한 경우보다 계층적 좌표 방식에 의한 제안된 방식이 보다 최적화된 에너지 소모를 유지할 수 있는 경로 알고리즘을 제공하게 된다. 제공된 알고리즘의 성능 분석을 위해 본 논문에서는 상기 두 가지 방식의 위치정보에 따른 라우팅에서 소모되는 에너지 관계를 비교 하였고, 이로부터 보다 최적화된 에너지 경로 관리가 되는 결과를 보여주었다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2011

초광대역 레이더는 높은 분해 능력으로 인해 단거리 차량용 레이더로 주목받고 있다. 차량으로부터 반사된 레이더 신호는 "clutter"라는 원하지 않는 반사 신호를 갖게 되어, 목표물을 검출하는데 어려움을 갖게 된다. 그러므로 목표물에서 반사된 신호로부터 보다 확실하게 검출하기 위하여 레이더 검출기를 개발할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 log-normal clutter 환경에서 다양한 평균과 분산에서 최적인 검출기를 구하였다. 비동기 방식의 검출기로 자승 검출기와 선형 검출기, 로그 검출기 등을 분석하였다. 본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 검출기의 성능을 분석하여, 차량용 레이더로 최적인 검출기를 구하였다.