• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.403-412
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• 2019

The characteristics of the manoeuvring motion of a ship are dependent on the ship type, as well as draft or speed in the same ship. In recent years, the number of extra-large vessels has increased significantly, which can cause enormous material and environmental damage in the event of a marine accident. Thus, the importance of ship maneuvering is increasing. The IMO has forced the officers to be trained in simulators through the STCW 95 amendment. However, FMSS is costly and difficult to access and the PC-based simulator has the disadvantage that only one person can engage in simulation. The purpose of this study was to solve the shortcomings of the FMSS and PC-based simulators by enabling multiple people to use their PCs to simulate based on a network. The simulator is implemented through the analysis and numerical calculation of the Nomoto model, Radar function mounting, data transfer protocol design, and GUI building. To verify the simulator, the simulation results were compared and analyzed with the test results of T.S. HANBADA according to the criteria of the Korean Register of Shipping(KR) and IMO standards for ship maneuverability. As a result, It showed a relative error of 0%~ 32.1% with an average of 13.7%, and it satisfied the IMO criteria for ship maneuverability.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

we analyzed simulation of the effectiveness for one or two DIRCM on a helicopter. The survival rate of helicopter followed increase of the deception rate of DIRCM. When the deception rate was over 70% at 100% detection rate, the survival rate was 10~30% when one DIRCM was installed and the survival rate was 70~80% when two DIRCMs were installed. When the detection rate was over 70% at 100% deception rate the survival rate was 10~30% case of one DIRCM was installed. survival rate was 20~30% when two were installed. Survival rate of 70~90% was observed with one DIRCM when the deception rate and detection rate were 100%, and 100% with two DIRCMs.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2018

Objectives: This study examined the impact of a smoke-free policy on indoor air quality at indoor recreation facilities by assessing $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations before and after the implementation of the new policy. Methods: Using real-time monitors, $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were measured in 50 billiard rooms and 50 golf simulator rooms in Seoul, Korea. The characteristics of the indoor recreation facilities, smoking status, and atmospheric conditions were recorded at the same time.After the enforcement of a smoke-free policy, $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations, installation of smoking room, and smoking status were examined when the facilities were revisited. Results: Almost a half of the billiard rooms and over 80% of golf simulator rooms were located underground. Seventy percent of the billiard rooms and one hundred percent of the golf simulator rooms were equipped with a local exhaust ventilation system. After the implementation of the smoke-free policy, 46% of the billiard rooms and 20% of the golf simulator rooms newly installed a smoking room. In the billiard rooms with a newly-installed smoking room, the $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations decreased from 97.9 to $45.6{\mu}g/m^3$ after the implementation of the smoke-free policy. The same change of 29.0 to $ 26.3{\mu}g/m^3$ was not statistically significant in golf simulator rooms. Indoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were correlated with outdoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations, number of smokers, and number of people in the room. Conclusions: The smoke-free policy for indoor recreation facilities was not effective at making the indoor spaces free from second hand smoke. Although a few billiard rooms installed a smoking room, indoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were still higher than those of outdoor $PM_{2.5}$ or atmospheric $PM_{2.5}$. Stricter enforcement of the smoke-free policy should be achieved to prevent secondhand smoke exposure.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2484-2490
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• 2012

This study reports on the development and performance verification of cell simulation boards of simulator and the embedded program for board control of the battery management system (BMS) of electric vehicle (EV) cars, which manages the next-generation automotive lithium-ion battery pack. Here, we have improved the speed of the simulator by using operational (OP) amplifier and transistors that were connected in series. In addition, using a digital analog converter (DAC) in each channel, we have improved the performance by channel-to-channel isolation (isolation) as compared to the traditional methods. Furthermore, by constructing a current-limiting protection circuit, one can be protected from disturbance and, by utilizing a precision shunt resistor for the current sensor, we have increased the precision of the current control. In order to verify the performance of the developed simulator, we have performed the experiment 10 times, with values ranging from 0.5 V to 5 V, and a voltage drop step of 0.5 V. Significance analysis of experimental data, and repeatability tests were performed, showing an average standard deviation of 0.001~0.004 V, indicating high repeatability and high statistical significance of the current method and system.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.136-146
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• 2022

In this study, it is intended to provide basic data that can help develop a cardiovascular simulator for performance evaluation of pulse wave detectors by identifying the development status of domestic and overseas cardiovascular simulators. A total of 119 papers were selected by excluding duplicate literature, gray literature, and literature not related to a cardiovascular simulator. Based on the selected literature, the research trend of cardiovascular simulators was analyzed. As a result of analyzing the purpose of the study, most of the simulators were developed to evaluate the hemodynamic properties of artificial hearts and valves. In addition, it was used for simulation evaluation or hemodynamic studies such as pulse wave studies. As a result of analyzing configurations of the simulators, a heart most often consisted of only one left ventricle. For blood vessels, the Windkessel model was most often constructed using chambers and valves. In most studies, blood was reproduced by mixing glycerin and water to reproduce both density and viscosity. In addition, as a result of analysis from the perspective of medical device performance evaluation, simulators for evaluating artificial heart and artificial valves have been studied a lot, whereas simulators for blood pressure, pulse wave, and blood flow devices have been relatively insignificant. Based on the review results, we suggested considerations when developing a simulator for performance evaluations of a pulse wave detector.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.26-33
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• 2009

New equipment that is useful for driving is developing every day. Navigation is one of the most popular equipment among them. Telematics market including navigation is getting bigger and bigger. However, traffic accident from using telematics equipment is also increasing. Drivers may lose glance using navigation, and driver's workload will also grow by driver's distraction. This thesis is base on the study about the influence on the drivers' workload by using the telematics equipment. Previous study of drivers' workload used psychological method and behavior test method, but it was less connection with telematics equipment. The main object of this thesis is measuring the workload according to the telematics usage by HMI (Human Machine Interface) in the virtual reality. Therefore, we developed GPS simulator, and made an experiment of whether using the navigation or not on the highway and an experiment of the location of navigation in downtown. The result of these experiments is that workload when driver used navigation was higher than when driver didn't use navigation. In addition, workload was different according to the location, and HUD (Head-Up Display) was especially higher than other locations but also its information delivery ability was the best.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.136-143
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• 2008

A three-wavelength solar bank is a very important part for a solar simulator with commercial superlux lamps. It is projected metal halide lamps to satisfy following points simultaneously: $\pm$10% of uniformity for irradiance of target area and irradiance in each wave region, and $1,232W/m^2$ of maximum solar irradiance in summer. The developed solar lamp bank has been analyzed numerically by commercial programs in this study to carry out experiments. In conclusion, designed B-type heat lamp is not concentrated in one place than designed A-type heat lamp, it is spreaded widely, and it was proved numerical computation. We suggest that solar simulator is applied to actual experiment test through heat flow numerical analysis in solar lamp bank and the lamp is applied private industry or the military using complex environmental assessment test.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.51-56
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• 2012

The onset of fire on the International Space Station (ISS) is a critical problem that can threaten the life of crew members onboard and thus instantaneous fire detection and extinguishment technology has been considered as one of the most important aspects in the ISS operation. In the present study, a numerical analysis was performed to better understanding of the characteristics of smoke behaviors and detection in a pressurized module of the ISS using the NIST Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). Numerical results indicate that the smoke flow patterns under zero-gravity condition are clearly different from those under normal gravity condition. In addition, the results obtained from numerical simulations coupled with the PM internal flows are expected to provide basic and useful information in designing the microgravity fire detection devices and establishing in fire response protocol for astronauts or the crew members.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

In this study, microscale, high-performance, solenoid-type RF chip inductors were investigated. The size of the RF chip inductors fabricated in this work was 1.0${\times}$0.5${\times}$0.5㎣. The materials (96% Al2O3) and shape (I-type) of the core were determined by a Maxwell three-dimensional field simulator to maximize the performance of the inductors. The copper (Cu) wire with 40${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ diameter was used as the coils. High frequency characteristics of the inductance (L), quality-factor (Q), and capacitance (C) of developed inductors were measured using an RF Impedance/Material Analyzer (HP4291B with HP16193A test fixture). The inductors developed have inductances of 11 to 39 nH and quality factors of 28 to 50 over the frequency ranges of 250MHz to 1 GHz, and show results comparable to those measured for the inductors prepared by CoilCraf $t^{Tm}$ that is one of the best chip inductor company in the world. The simulated data predicted the high-frequency data of the L, Q, and C of the inductors developed well.l.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.26.3-26.3
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• 2008

This research develops a GPS-based formation-flying testbed (FFTB) for formation navigation and control. The FFTB is a simulator in which spacecraft simulation and modeling software and loop test capabilities are integrated for test and evaluation of spacecraft navigation and formation control technologies. The FFTB is composed of a GPS measurement simulation computer, flight computer, environmental computer for providing true environment data and 3D visualization computer. The testbed can be simulated with one to two spacecraft, thus enabling a variety of navigation and control algorithms to be evaluated. In a formation flying simulation, GPS measurement are generated by a GPS measurement simulator to produce pseudorange, carrier phase measurements, which are collected and exchanged by the flight processors and subsequently processed in a navigation filter to generate relative and/or absolute state estimates. These state estimates are the fed into control algorithm, which are used to generate maneuvers required to maintain the formation. In this manner, the flight processor also serves as a test platform for candidate formation control algorithm. Such maneuvers are fed back through the controller and applied to the modeled truth trajectories to close simulation loop. Currently, The FFTB has a closed-loop capability of simulating a satellite navigation solution using software based GPS measurement, we move forward to improve using SPIRENT GPS RF signal simulator and space-based GPS receiver