• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.74-74
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• 1997

Chicory is used popularly. We use leaves of the plant as ordinary mea1, and roots as a substitute of tea materials. It also has been asserted that it has clinical effects on weakness, hepatic disease, diabetes, etc. However, experimental evidences are so insufficient that we started these studies. For antiinflammatory activity, MeOH Ex. was orally administered to rats, and decreased amounts of paw edema induced by carrageenan injection were measured. For bile secretion increament, rats were administered total MeOH, EtOAc fraction, and BuOH fraction Ex. respectively. One hour later, bile ducts were cannulated, and we collected bile every 20 minutes for 4 hours. For hepatoprotective activity, CCl$_4$-intoxicated mouse were treated with MeOH Ex., then s-GPT, S-GOT, and liver weight were measured. For antidiabetic activity, rats were induced diabetes by streptozocin 45mg/kg(i.v) injection. One week later, 1000mg/kg of total MeOH Ex. of chicory root was orally administered. We divided rats into three groups. Group 1 rats were administered only once, group 2 ones once a day for one week, and group 3 ones for three weeks. The concentrations of serum glucose were measured before and after administration. For antihypertensive activity, SHR were administrated total MeOH Ex. of chicory once a day for 8 days, and were measured blood pressure on 1st, 3rd, 6th and 8th day. Total MeOH, EtOAc fraction, and BuOH fraction Ex. increased bile secretion in rats, and decreased liver toxicity induced by CCl$_4$ in mouse. Total MeOH, Ex. of chicory roots has antiinflammatory effect, and decreased blood glucose concentration in group 2 and 3 rats. It was revealed not lowering blood pressure significantly in SHR.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2009

Present study was conducted to evaluate the anti oxidative activity of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves on non-lipid oxidative damage. The antioxidative activity of methanolic (MeOH) extract of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves on non-lipid oxidation, including liposome oxidation, deoxyribose oxidation, protein oxidation, chelating activity against metal ions, scavenging activity against hydrogen peroxide, scavenging activity against hydroxyl radical and 2'-deoxyguanosine (2'-dG) oxidation were investigated. The MeOH extract of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves exhibited high anti oxidative activity in the liposome model system. Deoxyribose peroxidation was inhibited by the MeOH extract of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves and MeOH extract of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves provided remarkable protection against damage to deoxyribose. Protective effect of MeOH extracts of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves on protein damage was observed at $600{\mu}g$ level (82.05%). The MeOH extracts of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves at $300{\mu}g$ revealed metal binding ability (32.64%) for hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the oxidation of 2'-deoxyguanosine (2'-dG) to 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-2'dG) was inhibited by MeOH extracts of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves and scavenging activity for hydroxyl radical exhibited a remarkable effect. From the results in the present study on biological model systems, we concluded that MeOH extract of the Agrimonia pilosa-Ledeb leaves was effective in the protection of non-lipids against various oxidative model systems.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1979

독보리짚을 NaOH로 처리하여 헤미셀로오즈 부분을 추출하여 이것을 Streptomyces flavogriseus에 의한 글루코오스 이성질화효소를 생성하는데 사용하였다. 짚을 1%~24%의 NaOH를 처리함으로써 천연 헤미셀룰로오즈를 농도 25%까지 얻을 수 있었고 헤미셀룰로오즈 수율은 NaOH농도를 4%까지 증가시킬 때까지는 비례적으로 증가하였다. 그러나 증가율은 NaOH 농도가 더 증가하면 낮았다. 독보리짚에서 헤미셀룰로오즈를 추출하는 최적조건은 짚을 4% NaOH로 9$0^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 처리하거나 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 처리하여 균체를 2% 짚-헤디미셀룰로즈에서 3$0^{\circ}C$, 2일간 키웠을 때, 글루코오스 이성질화 효소활성도(3.04 units/ml 배양액)가 최고값에 달하였다. 또한 균체를 xylan, xylose 또는 짚의 황산가수분해물에 키웠을 때 글루코오스 이성질화 효소를 상당한 량을 생성되었다. 헤미셀룰르오즈를 추출해내고 남은 짚 찌꺼기는 동물 사료로 사용할 수 있는데, 이는 젖을 갖 뗀 초원 들쥐에 그 찌꺼기를 사료로 주었을 때, 처리하지 않은 짚을 준 경우보다 75%나 더 높은 소화가 능도를 나타내며 사료로서의 효율은 20%가 더 높은 것으로 나타났음으로 알 수 있었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.604-609
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• 2015

The active metabolite of vitamin D such as $1{\alpha}$,25-dihydroxyvitamin ($D_3(1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3)$ is a well-known key regulatory factor in bone metabolism. However, little is known about the potential of vitamin D as an odontogenic inducer in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) in vitro. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin $D_3$ metabolite, $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$, on odontoblastic differentiation in HDPCs. HDPCs extracted from maxillary supernumerary incisors and third molars were directly cultured with $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$ in the absence of differentiation-inducing factors. Treatment of HDPCs with $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$ at a concentration of 10 nM or 100 nM significantly upregulated the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein1 (DMP1), the odontogenesis-related genes. Also, $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$ enhanced the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization in HDPCs. In addition, $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$ induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), whereas the ERK inhibitor U0126 ameliorated the upregulation of DSPP and DMP1 and reduced the mineralization enhanced by $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$. These results demonstrated that $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$ promoted odontoblastic differentiation of HDPCs via modulating ERK activation.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2008

An 80% EtOH extract and the solvent fractions of the seeds of Cornus officinalis were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation and AGEs-induced protein cross-linking in vitro. In vitro assay for AGEs-bovine serum albumin (BSA) formation showed that the 80% EtOH extract, n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and water fractions significantly inhibited AGEs formation with observed $IC_{50}$ values of 1.13, 17.64, 1.52, 1.24 and $3.27{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In indirect AGEs-ELISA assay, the 800% EtOH extract, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions exhibited more potent inhibitory activity on AGEs-BSA formation than aminoguanidine, a well know AGEs inhibitor. Furthermore, the 80% EtOH extract and all the solvent fractions inhibited concentration-dependently AGE-BSA cross-linking to collagen. The 80% EtOH extract, EtOAc, n-BuOH and water fractions also had a breaking activity against preformed AGE-BSA cross-linking concentration dependently. Thus these results suggest that the 80% EtOH extract and fractions of the seeds of C. officinalis could be an inhibitor as well as breaker of AGE-BSA cross-linking.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.517-531
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• 2002

The speciation and solubility of Am, Np, Pu and U have been analyzed by means of the geochemical code MUGREM, under the chemical conditions of domestic deep groundwater, in order to support the preliminary safety assessment for a Korean HLW disposal concept. Under the conditions of groundwaters studied, the stable solid phase is AmOHC $O_3$(s) or Am(OH)$_3$(s), soddyite((U $O_2$)$_2$ $SiO_2$.2$H_2O$) or N $a_2$ $U_2$ $O_{7}$ (c), Np(OH)$_4$(am), and Pu(OH)$_4$(am) for Am, U, Np, and Pu, respectively. The dominating aqueous species are as follows: the complexes of Am(III), Am(OH)$_2$$^{+}$ and Am(C $O_3$)$_2$$^{[-10]}$ , the complexes of U(VI), U $O_2$(OH)$_3$$^{[-10]}$ and U $O_2$(C $O_3$)$_3$$^{4-}$, the complexes of Np(IV), Np(OH)$_4$(aq) and Np(OH)$_3$C $O_3$, and the complexes of Pu(IV), Pu(OH)$_4$(aq) and Pu(OH)$_3$C $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ . The calculated solubilities exist between 1.9E-10 and 1.3E-9 mol/L for Am, between 5.6E-6 and 1.2E-4 mol/L for U, between 3.1E-9 and 1.3E-8 mol/L for Np, and between 6.6E-10 and 2.4E-10 mol/L for Pu, depending on groundwater conditions. The present solubilities of each actinide agree well with the results of other studies obtained under similar conditions.s.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.4044-4052
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• 1996

Planar images of OH and $O_{2}$ with tunable KrF excimer laser which has a) 0.5 $cm^{-1}$ / linewidth, b) 0.5 nm tuning range, c) 150 mJ pulse energy, and d) 20 ns pulse width are obtained to determine spatial distributions of OH and $O_{2}$ in premixed $C_{3}$H$_{8}$ /O$_{2}$ flame. The technique is based on planar laser induced pre-dissociative fluorescence(PLIPF) in which collisional quenching is almost avoided because of the fast pre-dissociation. Dispersed LIPF spectra of OH and $O_{2}$ are also measured in a flame in order to confirm the excitation of single vibronic state of OH and $O_{2}$, OH and $O_{2}$ are excited on the P$_{2}$(8) line of the $A^{2}$.SIGMA.$^{+}$(v'= 3)-X$^{2}$.PI.(v'||'||'&'||'||'quot;= 0) band and R(17) line of the Schumann-Runge band B$^{3}$.SIGMA.$_{u}$ $^{[-10]}$ (v'= 0)- X$^{3}$.SIGMA.$_{g}$ $^{[-10]}$ (v'||'||'&'||'||'quot;= 6), respectively. Dispersed OH and $O_{2}$ spectra show an excellent agreement with simulated spectrum and previous works done by other group respectively. It is confirmed that OH widely distributed around flame front area than $O_{2}$.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.469-476
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• 2009

The antioxidant activities of two crude extracts ($CH_2Cl_2$ and MeOH) and their solvent fractions (n-hexane, 85% aq. MeOH, n-BuOH, and $H_2O$ fractions) from Corydalis heterocarpa were determined by evaluating authentic $ONOO^-$ and $ONOO^-$ generated from SIN-1 (3-morpholinsydnonimine) in vitro as well as by measuring the degree of occurrence of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Scavenging activities of solvent fractions on authentic $ONOO^-$ increased in the order of n-BuOH > 85% aq. MeOH > $H_2O$ > n-hexane fractions, while those on $ONOO^-$ generated from SIN-1 increased in the order of n-BuOH > 85% aq. MeOH > $H_2O$ > n-hexane fractions. In addition, all solvent fractions effectively inhibited the intracellular ROS and NO levels. The n-BuOH fraction especially exhibited the strongest ROS scavenging effect. Further purification of n-BuOH fraction led to the isolation of cnidimoside A, which presented the potent ROS scavenging effect at $10\;{\mu}M$. From these results, extracts of C. heterocarpa and its component, cnidimoside A, were predicted to be potentially useful as ingredients for protecting against oxidation.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.98.1-98.1
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 정전류 조건에서 알루미늄 합금의 PEO(Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) 피막 형성 거동에 대한 전해질 조성의 영향을 아크 발생 양상, 전압-시간 곡선 및 형성된 표면피막의 구조를 관찰하여 연구하였다. 실험에 사용된 전해질은 NaOH 수용액에 $Na_2SiO_3$을 혼합하여 구성되었으며, NaOH와 $Na_2SiO_3$의 농도는 각각 0.01 ~ 1.0 M 와 0 ~ 2.0 M 사이로 조절되었다. 0.01 M NaOH 이하의 용액에서는 양극전압이 500 V 이상으로 상승되고 미세한 아크가 시편 표면 전체에 발생했으나, 0.02 M NaOH 이상의 농도에서는 양극전압이 300 V 이하로 감소되었고 아크발생이 관찰되지 않았다. 아크발생이 일어나지 않는 고농도의 0.5 M NaOH 용액의 경우 0.1 M 이상의 $Na_2SiO_3$를 첨가하였을 때 작은 아크의 무리가 발생되었다. 0.5 M NaOH 수용액에 0.1 M ~ 0.2 M $Na_2SiO_3$가 첨가되었을 땐 아크 무리가 발생하나 이내 일부 영역에서만 반복적으로 아크가 발생하는 로컬 버닝 현상이 일어났다. 한편 0.5 M NaOH 수용액에 0.5 M 이상의 $Na_2SiO_3$가 첨가되었을 때는 로컬 버닝이 일어나지 않고 전 표면에 걸쳐서 아크 무리가 이동하며 PEO 피막이 형성되었다. 0.01 M NaOH 수용액에서 형성된 PEO 피막의 두께는 처리 시간에 따라 증가하지 않고 $10{\mu}m$ 이하의 낮은 값을 보였다. 반면에 NaOH와 $Na_2SiO_3$ 혼합수용액에서 형성된 피막의 두께는 약 $30{\mu}m$ 이상의 높은 값을 보였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2015

In this study, we evaluated properties of pulp treated with swelling agent and swelling concentration. We used swelling agent, such as NaOH, DMSO, urea. One of them, pulps treated with NaOH from 0 to 5% measured WRV, beating efficiency, crystallinity and aspect ratio. We identified that NaOH when freeness reaches 100mL CSF was the shortest, on the other hand, WRV didn't change. Because NaOH is good beating efficiency, when pulp treated with various concentration of NaOH from 0 to 5%, pulp treated 1% NaOH was best beating efficiency. However, WRV, crystalline structure and crystallinity didn't change. The more NaOH concentration increased, the more aspect ratio increased, but when NaOH concentration exceeds 3%, aspect ratio decreased. As a result, pulp treated with 1% NaOH was the greatest beating efficiency and WRV, chemical structure didn't change.