• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.34-36
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• 2004

우리나라의 과학기술은 지난 40여년간 국가 산업발전에 발맞춰 고도성장을 효과적으로 뒷받침, '60-'70년대 모방$.$학습단계 '80년도 내재화단계를 거쳐 '90년대이후 신기술 개발경쟁에 뛰어드는 혁신단계로 진입, 장기간의 과감한 투자로 과학기술역량이 급신장, 연구개발비 '67년 48억\$\longrightarrow$'02년 17조 3,251억원(세계 6위), 연구원수 '68년 5,024명 \$\longrightarrow$'02년 18만 9,888명(세계 9위), 미국내 특허출원 10년간 평균증가율 32%(OECD 국가중 1위) SCI 논문게재수 5년간 평균증가율 15%(세계4위), 그러나 선진국과 비교할 때 양적$.$질적으로 미흡, '02년을 기준으로, 연구개발투자는 미국의 1/20, 일본의 1/10, 독일의 1/3수준에 불과, '01년 기준 상위 20개 기업의 연구개발비 총액은 50억불 정도로, Ford(74억불), GM(62억불)보다 적음, 인구 천명당 연구원 수 (2,98명)도 주요국에 비해 부족 일본 7.07명, 러시아 6.98명, 독일 5.90명, 대만 4.77('01년, IMD), 특히 신성장산업의 창출과 산업의 고도화에 직결되는 핵심원천기술이 취약, SCI 게재논문수는 세계 14위이나, 논문의 질적 수준을 나타내는 피인용도는 세계 31위('02년), 10대 성장동력 10대 산업과 관련되는 핵심기술의 평균 기술수준은 최고 대비 69.8%, 기술격차는 4.2년 - 디지털 TV/방송산업 74.9%/기술격차 3.1년, - 바이오 신약/장기 산업 61.2% 수준, 과학기술 및 과학기술자에 대한 사회적 인식이 낮음, 이공계 출신의 사회 각 분야 지도층 진출비율이 매우 낮음(16대 국회의원 8%, 3급이상 국가공무원중 기술직 비율 17.1% 등), - 민간의 경우, 10대 기업 임원의 53%가 이공계 출신, 100대 기업 CEO의 38.4%가 이공계 출신, 대입수능시험에서 자연계 지원비율이 감소 -40.1%('99)\$\longrightarrow$34.7%('00)\$\longrightarrow$29.4%('01)\$\longrightarrow$26.9%('02)\$\longrightarrow$30.3%('03)\$\longrightarrow$31.5%\$\longrightarrow$'04)

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.553-563
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• 2020

Suicide is one of the major social problems in Korea, and its suicide rate is highest among the OECD countries. It has been reported that employment instability in labour market is causal factor of suicide ideation. Because the unemployed and temporary or part-time workers are reported to have high level of suicide ideation due to unstable job security, and they are likely to be a high risk group for suicide, it is necessary to do in-depth research on the effect of job stability on suicide ideation and the protective factors. For this purpose this study investigates the relationship between employment status and suicide ideation, and examine the moderating effect of family function. Data of 1,235 adults from the national-wide 'Longitudinal Study of Suicide Survivors' Mental Health were analyzed. Employment status were associated with the level of suicide ideation(B=-.904, p<.001), and the level of suicide ideation was the highest in the unemployed group. And the moderating effect of family function was statistically significant(B=-.218, p<.05), and good family function buffers the effect of unstable job status on suicide as a protective factor. Based on these findings, policy and practical implications for suicide prevention for precarious employment from the family dimension are discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

This study examined the factors influencing foreign direct investment(FDI) in OECD countries where Korea is a target country. The differences in the cultural distances of host and home countries and the difference in the perceptions of corruption have been used to identify the factors affecting foreign direct investment. As a result of the study, it was found that there are differences in foreign direct investment according to cultural dimension and corruption perceptions index. Foreign direct investment may increase or decrease depending on the cultural tendency and the higher the perceptions of corruption, the more active the investment. The smaller the power distance between host country and home country in the factors affecting foreign direct investment, the larger the number of investments and the larger the size of individualism versus collectivism. Foreign direct investment increased when the investing country's corruption perceptions index was high. The results of this study confirm that cultural and corruption perceptions can affect trade transactions. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the cultural tendency and the cultural distance in the trade transaction by confirming that the degree of culture and corruption perceptions can affect the trade transaction. And that it can influence trade and economic growth by appropriately managing social variables such as public corruption.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2014

How to determine the extent of national energy security? In this paper, we estimate it by comparative analysis of South Korea and other OECD countries in terms of energy diversity (fuel diversity). Energy security consists of 4 key factors such as availability, accessibility, acceptability, affordability. Especially the importance of accessibility can grow as local imbalance of supply and demand increases. As a proxy of the accessibility, fuel diversity can be a significant indicator to estimate a measure of energy security. In this paper, we use Shannon-Wiener index to measure energy diversity. If fuel diversity increases, the stability of energy security also should increase, because of the smoothing effect to lessen dependence on key energy sources. In 2012 Korean growth rate of H-index (energy diversity) is 18.38%, which is higher than other OECD countries. However, Korean H-index itself is 1.93, lesser than other countries. Shift from oil to coals/gas within fossil fuels has more impact on H-index than weight transition from fossil fuels to renewable energies in Korea. We conclude that more renewable energy is an effective solution to achieve higher energy diversity and ultimately higher energy security as the same as the German case.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.272-279
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• 2011

Copper cyanide is a chemical produced in large quantities with 2,500 tonnes being produced in 2006. It is mainly used for electroplating copper, particularly alkali-Cu plate and brass plating. The purpose of this study is to reassess the physicochemical properties and environmental fate of copper cyanide based on reliable data and and to conduct an ecotoxicity test according to the OECD test guidelines as an initial environmental risk assessment (need to state where this was done). Metal containing inorganic substances are not subject to degradation, biodegradation or hydrolysis. Aquatic toxicity tests of copper cyanide were conducted according to OECD test guideline 201, 202 and 203 for green algae, daphnia, and fish, respectively. The following acute toxicity test results were obtained for aquatic species: 0.089 mg $L^{-1}$ (Algae, 72 Hr-$EC_{50}$); 0.21 mg $L^{-1}$ (flea, 48 Hr-$LC_{50}$); 0.62 mg $L^{-1}$ (Fish, 96 Hr-$ErC_{50}$). The chemical possesses properties indicating a hazard for the aquatic environment (acute toxicity in fish, daphnia and algae below 1.0 mg $L^{-1}$). As a result of this study, copper cyanide has become a candidate for detailed risk assessment. Countries that produce this chemical in significant quantities are recommended to perform specific assessments.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.44
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• pp.689-723
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• 2013

Suicide is Korea's first leading cause of death in their twenties and thirties. at a rate of 31.2 per 100,000 in 2010. The Korea suicide rate is over twice higher than OECD's average rate. Because of this reality the suicide prevention act(full title, the Act on Prevention of Suicide and Creation of Culture that Respects Life) was enacted in 2011. In 2008, the Korean government planned the suicide prevention programs to decrease the incidence of suicide to approximately 20 per 100,000 by the end of 2013. Despite the plan the suicide rate in Korea has increased to over 30 per 100,000 since 2009 and the plan was proved to be failed. Consequently, the government was unable to lower the suicide rate in last decade. It has shown that the reduction of suicide rate is a difficult and complex problem. This study shows that the root cause of suicide is based on social and legal exclusion and proposes that suicide prevention measures should be aimed at social cohesion and legal protection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.47-58
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• 2011

Nowaday OECD countries actively introduce the performance audit to evaluate the performance of public policies. Motivated by the current trend in practice, this paper presents performance audit indices and methodology developed for evaluating the transportation investment projects and policies. The main contribution of this study would be twofold:1) key performance indices, 5Es + 4Cs rule, and methodology of performance audit are derived from foreign (GAO, NAO) and domestic (BAI) audit reports; 2) checklists (key issues and focuses) of performance audit are suggested as ranks. It is also suggested that further studies are needed to maintain the indices and the methodology to achieve sustainable performance of transportation projects and policies.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2024

Korea has entered the ranks of advanced countries in terms of economic size and technological competitiveness. However, its industrial accident fatality rate remains among the lowest in OECD countries, and recent incidents such as various building collapses have resulted in numerous deaths of workers or citizens, reminiscent of accidents in developing countries. According to the 2022 Industrial Accident Status Analysis by the Ministry of Employment and Labor, out of the 874 fatalities in work-related accidents in 2022 across all industries, 402 were in the construction industry, accounting for approximately 46% of all fatalities. In particular, the construction industry's fatality rate stands at 1.61, significantly higher than the overall industry fatality rate of 0.43, indicating its severity. Construction ranks highest in terms of fatality rates, with mining at 12.18 and fishing at 1.80. When categorizing construction projects into private and public, private projects show significantly higher figures in terms of contracts, contract amounts, accident numbers, and fatalities compared to public projects. However, unlike public agencies, many private clients lack adequate safety and health activities and lack established safety and health systems. This study aims to raise awareness among private clients about the need to establish safety and health systems and enhance safety and health activities, and to discuss the direction of future development of advanced safety and health practices among private clients.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.245-248
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• 2019

2018년 한국의 합계출산율은 0.98명으로 OECD 회원국 중 출산율 1명이 되지 않는 유일한 국가가 되었다. 이에 대한 원인으로 경제적 문제, 맞벌이 부부의 증가로 인한 육아스트레스를 들 수 있다. 때문에 육아스트레스를 줄이기 위해 아이를 보다 편하게 보살필 수 있는 사물인터넷(IoT: Internet of Things) 기술이 접목된 육아용품이 필요하다. 이에 따라 본 논문은 기존의 아기침대에 사물인터넷 플랫폼을 추가하고 각 센서 들의 정보를 수집해 아기의 수면패턴분석 및 수면유도, 시트 온도조절, 시트 등받이 조절, 침대 자동 스윙 및 스윙 세기 조절, 침대 높낮이 조절 등의 기능을 수행하는 사물인터넷 기반의 새로운 육아용품을 개발해서, 부모들의 효율적인 육아 활동을 가능하게 하여 육아스트레스에 대한 부담을 크게 감소시키는 것을 목표로 한다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.161-187
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• 2010

This study begins with two research interests. Firstly, there seems to be a break of research in the field of family policy in Korea which exists especially in regard to family law. Family law was originally the core of state interventions in family life, but has been neglected because of the lack of literature with comparative research methods. This shortcoming needs to be addressed. Secondly, through inquiry into the definition of family or family policy with the lens of the law, the definition of family or family policy can be correctly extended. With these two interests combined, this research tries to derive an analytical tool - maintenance community - of the law and compare some important points of the family law of Korea with those of 16 EU-countries in terms of regime classification. The method used is, firstly, to describe the subjects of family law with a focus on partnering and parenting without subjective interpretation, and secondly, to classify the countries' family-law regimes with the criteria of privacy and autonomy using cluster analysis. The results show that the countries can be classified into three clusters: Nordic (Norway and Sweden), West-Northern (Denmark, France, England, Finland, and Belgium) and Middle South (Italy, Spain, Austria, Portugal, Netherlands, Greece, Ireland, Germany, and Korea). This result can be compared to a precedent research result which showed that 21 OECD countries can be classified in three clusters according to family policy. The number of the clusters is the same as this study, but some countries belong to other clusters; for example Denmark and Finland belong to the Nordic cluster according to family policy, while they belong to the West-Northern according to family law, and Austria, Germany, and Ireland belong to the Middle-South cluster according to family law, while they belong to the Continental according to family policy. From this result we can interpret Korean family law to be in the middle range according to both criteria of privacy and autonomy like other South-European countries including some Continental countries. We can make some theoretical suggestions. The fact that both family law and family policy regimes in countries can be classified into three clusters can be interpreted to mean that there exists parallelism between family law and family policy in a broad sense. But from the fact that some countries belong to different clusters according to family law and family policy, we can say that the family policy in a country is not always consistent with family law.