• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.612-616
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• 1990

The addition of water into oil phase containing hydrophobic emulsifier while stirring forms W/O emulsions. When dispersed phase increase up to a certain extent, phase inversion into O/W emulsions occurs and just before phase inversion O/W/O emulsions exist in a mixed state with W/O emulsions. Thus this experiment was carried out to examine O/W/O emulsions formation in W/O emulsions. The viscosity of sample emulsions(water phase： $H_2O$, oil phase : TGCR-containing olive oil) was measured at the shear rate of 1.92 to 384 per second and at temperature of 25$\pm$0.1$^{\circ}C$, and the development of O/W/O emulsions evaluated from the difference between theoretical and measured values by substituting measured value for Mooney's equation. The formation of O/W/O emulsions tended to be high in sample emulsions just before phase inversion and increase with decreasing TGCR concentrations. This result suggests that high viscosity observed right before phase inversion may also be caused by the formation of O/W/O emulsions.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.198-199
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• 2017

한국은 O형 구제역이 전통적으로 많이 발생되었기 때문에 구제역 백신은 O형으로 집중적으로 개발되고 있으며, 최근 발생된 A형에 대하여 추가적으로 개발 중에 있다. 2017년까지는 백신생산에 필요한 공정 등 모든 원전기술을 확립을 목표로 추진되고 있고 2018년부터 국내 발생 O형 백신 종 독주의 시험제조에 들어간다. 그러나, 백신 국산화의 한계점은 한국에서 대량생산을 위한 생산시설(공장)이 아직 건립되지 않았다는 시실이다. 많은 노력 끝에 생산시설을 위한 설계예산은 2017년 확보되었기는 하지만 완전한 국산화의 완성을 위해서는 생산시설 건립과 가동(민간 사업자 선정)이 필수적이다. 정부의 계획에 따르면 2019년까지 공장건립이 완료될 예정이며, 시험가동은 2020년쯤으로 예상되고 있다.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2015

The coagulation factor activity compared two groups of the lower 10% (29.1~30.9 sec) and the upper 10% (38.0~41.9 sec) of the normal reference range of aPTT. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sex, age, and ABO blood type on coagulation factor activity. There was significant difference in the activity of the coagulation factor assay based on age. The VIII (p<0.0001) and IX (p=0.0050) in the lower group of samples from those over sixty years of age is higher than from those under sixty. In contrast, XII (p=0.0285) for samples over sixty was lower than for samples under sixty. While in the upper group V (p=0.0219), VIII (p=0.0005), and IX (p=0.0014) for samples from the over sixty group was higher than those under sixty. In the case of activity of coagulation factor between O and non-O blood type, VIII (p<0.001) activity of the non-O blood type was higher than that of the O blood type in the both groups. The XII (p=0.016) activity of non-O blood type was lower than that of O blood type in the upper group. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, when other variables are under the same conditions between lower and upper groups, there is a strong possibility for the lower group when activity of V (p=0.001), VIII (p<0.001), X (p<0.001) and XII (p<0.001) is increased. Furthermore, there is also a strong possibility of upper group when activity of II (p=0.004) and IX (p=0.012) is increased. However, no significant difference in between sex, age and XI was observed.

• 보건세계
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• v.53 no.12 s.604
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• pp.44-47
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• 2006

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 1994

The stability of W/O emulsions (milk fat : water=4 : 1, w/w) containing various emulsifiers was compared to determine the effect of different chemical types of emulsifiers in relation to the change of HLB value caused by emulsifier type and the influence of single vs. binary emulsifier systems. These variables were compared at emulsifier HLB values of 0.5~16.7 and at emulsifier concentrations of 1.0~3.0%(w/w). Eleven emulsifiers used as 11 different single mixtures and 16 different binary mixtures were evaluated in W/O type emulsion systems containing 20.0%(w/w) of water in milk fat. This W/O emulsion was stable (more than 90.0 of ESI value) in the range of low value of emulsifier HLB (less than 4.7 of HLB value). All the ESI values of binary emulsifier systems were higher than those of single emulsifier systems. But, the influence pattern of emulsifier HLB on this emulsion stability in single emulsifier systems was very similar to the trend in binary emulsifier systems.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2018

Background: A massive blood transfusion (MT) requires significant efforts by the Blood Bank. This study examined blood product use in MT and emergency O Rh Positive red cells (O RBCs) available directly for emergency patients from the Trauma Center in Ajou University Hospital. Methods: MT was defined as a transfusion of 10 or more RBCs within 24 hours. The extracted data for the total RBCs, fresh frozen plasma (FFP), platelets (PLTs, single donor platelets (SDP) and random platelet concentrates (PC)) issued from Blood Bank between March 2016 and November 2017 from Hospital Information System were reviewed. SDP was considered equivalent to 6 units of PC. Results: A total of 345 MTs, and 6233/53268 (11.7%) RBCs, 4717/19376 (24.3%) FFP, and 4473/94166 (4.8%) PLTs were used in MT (P<0.001). For the RBC products in MT and non-MT transfusions, 28.0% and 34.1% were group A; 27.1% and 26.0% were group B; 37.3% and 29.7% were group O, and 7.5% and 10.2% were group AB (P<0.001). The ratios of RBC:FFP:PLT use were 1:0.76:0.72 in MT and 1:0.31:1.91 in non-MT (P<0.001). A total of 461 O RBCs were used in 36.2% (125/345) of MT cases and the number of O RBCs transfused per patient ranged from 1 to 18. Conclusion: RBCs with the O blood group are most used for MT. Ongoing education of clinicians to minimize the overuse of emergency O RBCs in MT is required. A procedure to have thawed plasma readily available in MT appears to be of importance because FFP was used frequently in MT.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.722-724
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• 2012

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.5
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• pp.19.3-20
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• 1980

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.767-772
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• 2006

In this study, we sought to produce a double layer microcapsule containing Lactobacillus sp. as the core material. The conditions for this microencapsulation process were optimized for the formation of a microcapsule with high storage stability. The effects of the ratio of[core material] to [wall material], the type and concentration of emulsifier used, the stirring rate(dispersibility) and the temperature of the dispersion fluid on the microencapsulation yield were studied. The optimal concentration and type of emulsifier required in order to allow for the stable formation of a W/O type emulsion (a primary process in double layer microencapsulation) were 1.00% (w/w) and polyglycerol polyricinileate (PGPR, HLB 0.6). However, the optimal concentration and type of emulsifier required to construct a W/O/W type emulsion (a secondary process in double layer microencapsulation), were 0.65% (w/w) and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (PSML, HLB 16.7). Finally, we obtained a maximum yield of microencapsulation with a dispersion fluid stirring rate of 270rpm and a dispersion fluid temperature of 10$^{\circ}C$ after spraying a W/O/W type emulsion into the dispersion fluid.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 1976

집단 수용되고 있는 농아자들의 식생활이 이들의 체위 향상과 Hb형성에 미치는 영향 및 혈액형의 분포율에 일반 가정아와 차이가 있을 것으로 예상하고 이 양군을 비교 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. Hb 양은 일반가정아에 비해 현저히 부족한 상태이어서 9.2gr/dl에 불과했고, 혈액형도 정상아의 분포와는 달리 A형 30.7%, B형 23.6%, AB형 15.0%, O형 30.7%로 나타났다.