• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2007

Many countries such as The Republic of Korea have established their own nutritional standards, collectively termed Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs), and they vary due to the science which was reviewed, the purposes for which they are developed, and issues related to nutrition and food policy in the country. The current effort by the Codex Alimentarius Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses (CNFSDU) to update the NRVs that were established following the Helsinki Consultation in 1988 represents an opportunity to develop a set of reference values reflecting current scientific information to be used or adapted by many countries. This paper will focus on possible approaches to selecting or developing reference values which would serve the intended purpose for nutrition labeling to the greatest extent possible. Within the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) is currently reviewing regulations on nutrition labeling to better address current health issues, and is expected to enter into a process in the next few months to begin to explore how best to update nutrient Daily Values (DVs), most of which are still based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) of the Food and Nutrition Board, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, last reviewed and revised in 1968. In this presentation, I review the current purposes in the U.S. for nutrition labeling as identified in the 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as amended, the scientific basis for current nutrition labeling regulations in the United States, and the recommendations made by the recent Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling of the Institute of Medicine (2003) regarding how to use the DRIs in developing new DVs to be used on the label in the United States and Canada. Based on these reviews, I then provide examples of the issues that arise in comparing one approach to another. Much of the discussion focuses on the appropriate role of nutrient labeling within the Nutrition Facts panel, one of the three major public nutrition education tools in the United States (along with MyPyramid and Dietary Guidelines for Americans).

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.386-400
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide a basic data of nutrition services in home health care by analyzing hospital-based home-visit nutrition education needs of patients at discharge. Methods: Data was collected from September 11 to October 12, 2012 by administering questionnaires to 289 chronic disease patients to be discharged from a university hospital in Pusan. The home-visit nutrition education instruments used for collecting data were developed by the researcher. Results: Regarding the demands of home-visit nutrition education, 62.3% of subjects were willing to use home-visit nutrition education and 37.7% weren't. The main reason for using the home-visit nutrition education was "the effective nutrient management in consultation with an individual's doctor", 38.9% and 31.2% of patients who did not wish to use the service gave the reason for their decision as, "Just by managing the nutritional requirements of a family's diet and, the patient will be able to fully recover", respectively. As for the demand, classified with the areas of home-visit nutrition education, the demand for the area of basic nutrition (3.75/5.00) was the highest followed by, the area of educational nutrition (3.74/5.00), therapeutic nutrition (3.67/5.00), and dietary nutrition (3.55/5.00). The demand for the area of educational nutrition was high "Considering the state of dietary management, such as disease status and drugs", 73.7%. As for the relation between the characteristics of the study subjects and analysis of demand home-visit nutrition education, the characteristic of subjects, that is, "regular home-visit nutrition education", "practice of diet therapy after discharge" had a significant difference statistically (p < 0.01). As for the relation between the needs for fundamental home-visit nutrition education and the demand of home-visit nutrition education, basic nutrition, educational nutrition, therapeutic nutrition, and dietary nutrition had a significant difference statistically (p < 0.01).

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.38-53
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• 2001

The main purpose of this study was to present the basic materials that help the nursing of the infants and consultation of childcare by examinating the knowledge and practice of the mothers about the weaning diet. The data for this study was collected from 205 mothers with infants(6-36 months) who visited two hospitals or one university hospital in Seoul, who were living in one apartment Suwon area between July. 7. and September 10, 2000. The 57 questionnaires were used for collecting the data and SAS program was used to analyse the data. The results are as follows. 1. The items of low score in the result of the knowledge data were as follows. [Initial weaning time, the important nutritional problem in infant, considering factor during feeding, the relation of proper weaning food & age, the time of used by cup, to apply of proper spicies in weaning food, the time of completing weaning, the time of stopping weaning at abnormal sign, and the inappopriate reason of dry mixed powdered food (Sunsik) as a weaning food.] 2. Higher educated mothers presented more high score than lower educated mothers in the knowledge about the weaning. (p<0.05) 3. Before the weaning, more mothers were using the commercial milk (51.2%) than the breast milk (13.2%). 4. Mothers get the knowledge about the weaning from the infants care book of cook books(26.4%). 68% of mothers had not received any consulting service with regard to the weaning, 10.2% of them consulted Pediatrician about the weaning and 0.5% of them with nurse. 5. Most mothers began supplymentary food, from four to six months (65.4%). the ratio was about the same as the ratio of mothers who knEw the appropriate time for the introduction of supplymentary food(83.2%) 6. The main solid food was commercial food, not home-prepared food. 7. Higher educated mothers used home-prepared weaning food more often than lower educated mothers(P<0.05). 8. The used rate by spoon was 57.4%, but the rate of mother's knowledge data was 95.0%. 9. The time of completing the weaning was in 12-18 months(53.8%). It is similar to the mother's knowledge data(52.7%) Conclusion ; According to knowledge data, it turns out that most mothers know moderatly about the weaning (everage 60/100). However their knowledge and practice on the methods & procedures on the weaning were inadquate. Especially, most mothers did not consult with those qualification about the weaning. Therefore, the role of the nurse as a provider of information on the weaning should be emphasized with varied educational programs in many health care center.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.361-365
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• 2011

본 연구는 만 12세 이상 19세 미만의 청소년에서 간식섭취 횟수와 치아우식경험과의 상관성을 확인하고자 2007년 국민건강영양조사 자료에 근거하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 간식섭취 횟수가 1일 2회 이상인 학생이 55.7%로 많았고, 칫솔질 횟수는 1일 2회 미만인 학생이 83.9%로 많았으며, 77.6%의 학생이 치아우식증을 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 2. 간식섭취 횟수와 치아우식경험과의 상관성을 분석한 결과 간식섭취 횟수가 1일 2회 미만 보다 1일 2회 이상인 청소년의 경우 치아우식 경험이 2배정도 높은 것으로 나타났고, 이는 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 조사되었다(OR:2.1, CI:1.1-4.0). 3. 간식 종류별 섭취횟수와 치아우식경험과의 상관성에서는 일 년에 11회 이하 간식을 섭취하는 청소년에 비하여 하루에 3회 이하 섭취하는 청소년들이 치아우식경험이 높은 것으로 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다(OR:1.5 CI:0.6-3.7). 이상의 결과에 근거하여 청소년의 간식섭취 횟수와 치아우식경험 간의 유의한 상관성이 있음을 확인하였고, 이에 따라 청소년을 대상으로 학교 내에서는 구강건강과 관련된 올바른 간식섭취에 대한 지속적인 영양교육, 식이상담 교육 등이 일상적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 전문 치과위생들의 청소년을 위한 이러한 구강관리 교육 및 지침서 등을 개발하고, 보급하는데 적극적인 참여가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 다양한 간식섭취 종류에 따른 치아우식경험 또는 구강건강과의 상관성에 대한 심층분석이 필요할 것으로 본다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the nutritional status, health conditions, eating habits and experience and demand for nutrition dietary management of senior citizens. And these data are formed foundation of development of nutrition dietary management education program and contents in welfare facilities for the aged. Methods: We visited 3 public health centers, 3 senior citizens centers, and 4 welfare centers in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Chungnam province, and Daejeon area and carried out interview by semi-structured questionnaire for senior citizens older than 65 years who use those facilities. Results: The study included 17%, 30.7% and 52.3% of senior citizens from public health centers, seniorcitizen centers and and welfare centers, respectively. The age range of 43.9% of the population was 65-74 years and and 56.1% were older than 75 years. We observed that 83.2% of subjects took some medicines due to diseases that they have and 58.0% took prescription medicines for hypertension. The thing that they considered the most when selecting food was 'the taste'(p<0.05). Regarding the level of practice to keep the dietary life, they answered more than 'average' for most of items but answered less than 'average' for lot of salt intake, drinking, exercise. For the experience of nutrition dietary life education, only 19.8% answered 'Yes' and the service for nutrition dietary life management showed the highest score in the demand for 'provide nutritious food'. For the size of consulting group for nutrition/dietary life education, the public health center and welfare center preferred a larger group size but the senior citizens center preferred a smaller group. With regard to who will carry out the consulting, the demand for dietitian was the highest and the operation type showed the high demand in the order of consulting, education. The contents that they want to have consultation in nutrition dietary life education were diet therapy for diseases and the ordinary diet therapy for health. Conclusions: This study suggested the management of nutrition dietry life necessitates qualitative measures according to the different types of welfare facilities. For these, it is in need of development of counseling and education program included therapy for disease. Above all, the policy to secure dietitian of welfare facilities for the aged to perform these should be achived.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 1983

Aiming at the total 200 pregnant women including 150 ones registered with the Health Center of Chung Ku District and 50 ones registered with the Health Center of Mapo District, we have conducted a research study of the socio-medical characteristics, maternal child health, and the status of nutritional intake which has utilized the application of convenient method for the study of nutritional status, during the period of April 20 to May 25, 1983. And we have obtained the following conclusions: 1. Regarding age distribution, the pregnant women aged from 26 to 30 were most numerous, which was 54.0%. The percentage of women who experienced the first pregnancy was 12.0% and the percentage of those who experienced the second pregnancy was 37.0%, which was the highest. Regarding the weeks of pregnancy of the pregnant women, the first trimesterr was 11.5%, the second trimester 30.0%, and the third trimester 58.6%. 2. Regarding academic achievements, the pregnant women who graduated from middle schools reached 43.5%, which was the highest percentage. Regarding economic status, the pregnant women who owned their own houses were only 21.0%. And the pregnant women whose monthly income was from 300,000 won to 400,000 won were 40%, which was the most numerous. 5. The women above 15 years old who experienced the first menstruation were 84.0%. And those who experienced abortion were totally 54.4%. and 35.5% among those women experienced artificial abortion. 4. 70.5% of the pregnant women said that their health condition was excellent, 24.5% felt subjective complaints, and 5.0% specially received medical consultation for their diseases. 5. 82.0% received prenatal care, but 60.5% regularly received prenatal care. 68.0% received the education for nutrition and only 19.5% regularly received the education for nutrition. 6. Regarding the family composition, the families consisting of two generations were 47.0%, which was the most numerous. 97.5% of the preparation for meals was conducted by housewives. They said that they did not lack time for meal preparation. 7. 94.9% of the pregnant women said that they had eaten as in ordinary times during their pregnancy. 25.5% said that there were tabooed foods. Tabooed foods are chiefly pork, chicken, milk, and eggs. 68.0% don't drink milk during pregnancy, 32.5% take the intake of vitamins, and 20.5% take iron supplement. 8. The average amounts of the intake of protein, fat, and carbohydrate of a pregnant women are 49.3gm, 29.4gm, and 205.1gm respectively, which showed the phenomenon in which the amount of the intake of nutrition increased as the weeks of pregnancy increased. The average amount of the intake of salt was 14.2gm. 9. Regarding the hemoglobin value of all pregnant women, those whose hemoglobin value was less than 11.0gm were 66.5%, those whose hemoglobin value was 11 to 12 gm were 16.5%. and those whose hemoglobin value was above 12gm were 17.0%. The pregnant women whose hemoglobin value was less than 11.0gm in the first trimester of pregnancy, in the second trimester, and in the trimester were 81.8%, 62.8%, and 64.9% respectively. This shows that the phenomenon of anemia increased as the weeks of pregnancy increased 10. Regarding physical development of a pregnant woman during prenatal period, the height and weight were $156.7cm{\pm}14.1$ and $51.1kg{\pm}58$ respectively. When the standard increase of a prenatal weigt gain is set as 100%, the women over the range of 100% were 28.0% and the women under the range of 80% were 37.0%.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.526-535
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• 2017

이 연구는 M시에 소재한 일개 노인복지관에서 인근 거주 독거노인들을 대상으로 한 통합건강케어프로그램이 프로그램 참여 전과 참여 후 대상자의 혈압, 혈당, 체중, 체성분, 우울감에 미치는 효과를 확인하는 것을 목적으로 한 단일집단 사전 사후 설계연구이다. 통합건강케어 프로그램은 2015년 3월부터 6월까지 총 3개월동안 운영되었으며, 열린 강좌, 운동교실, 건강상담 및 관리, 영양상담, 자조모임 지원으로 구성되었다. 이 연구의 표본 요소는 M시에 거주하는 고혈압 또는 당뇨병을 앓고 있으며 거동이 가능하며 인근에 거주하여 걸어서 복지관에 올 수 있는 65세 이상 혼자 사는 노인 34명을 1차 대상자로 선정하여 이들 중 복지관에 5회 미만 출석한 5명의 대상자를 제외하고 29명을 최종 대상자로 하였다. 본 연구의 분석방법은 t-test와 Pearson correlation을 적용하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성은 남자는 19명(65.52%), 여자는 10명(34.48%)이었다. 연령은 70대가 16명(55.17%)로 가장 많았으며, 현재 고혈압과 당뇨병을 모두 앓고 있다고 답한 대상자는 14명(48.27%)으로 가장 많았다. 프로그램 출석횟수는 평균 10.28회(${\pm}4.17$)였다. 이 연구대상자들은 통합케어프로그램 참여 전에 비해 참여 후 수축기혈압(t=3.275, p=0.004), 체중(t=3.878, p=0.001), 우울감(t=3.308, p=0.004)에서 유의한 감소를 보였다. 급증하는 노인 인구와 함께 독거노인 비율도 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 독거노인들은 신체적 건강 뿐 아니라 심리적 건강 요구도 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 따라서 지역사회는 지속적으로 독거노인들을 위한 신체적 심리적 건강관리를 위해 노력해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2007

본 연구는 현재 건강검진센터에서 수행하고 있는 영양서비스 현황과 영양서비스의 요구도를 관찰하여 영양서비스 개선을 위한 방법을 모색하고 이를 영양평가 및 상담에 적용하여 영양서비스의 만족도를 높이는데 기여하고자 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 영양서비스의 경험이 있는 대상자는 상담군의 경우 58.5%, 비상담군의 경우 46.3%로 나타났다. 그 중 상담군 56.1%, 비상담군 43.9%가 개별상담을 받았고, 상담내용은 건강검진결과에 따른 결과상담이 가장 높았다. 영양지식 및 건강정보는 TV, 인터넷, 책, 잡지, 신문을 통해 얻는 경우가 많았으며, 영양사나 의사, 간호사 등 교육기관으로부터 정보를 얻는 비율은 낮았다. 2) 영양서비스를 받고 싶다고 생각한 적이 있는지에 대해 상담군 80.5%, 비상담군 73.2%가 긍정적으로 대답하였으며, 두 군간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 영양서비스 경험과 영양서비스에 대한 생각은 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r = 0.229, p < 0.01). 3) 영양평가의 필요성은 상담군의 경우 95.1%로 비상담군 80.5%에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며 (p < 0.05), 영양상담의 필요성은 상담군의 경우 97.6%, 비상담군의 경우 100%로 영양상담의 요구도가 높았으며, 두 군간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 또한, 영양서비스의 수단으로 개별 상담의 선호도가 가장 높았다. 4) 영양서비스 요구항목의 우선순위를 보면, 영양평가는 식사섭취열량평가가 가장 높았으며 (p = 0.000), 영양상담은 상담군의 경우 영양평가를 통해 출력된 영양소별 1일 섭취량 결과를 바탕으로 개인별 맞춤 상담을 원했으며 (p = 0.031), 비상담군은 건진결과에 따른 식사요법에 대한 영양상담을 원하는 비율이 높았다 (p = 0.000). 영양결과지는 도표나 그래프를 이용하여 한 눈에 알아 볼 수 있도록 만들어지기 원하였으며 (p = 0.014), 리플릿이나 영양책자는 사진의 추가로 시각적인 효과를 높여달라는 요구도의 순위가 가장 높았다 (p = 0.014). 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 건강검진센터의 영양서비스 개선을 위한 제언은 다음과 같다. 1) 영양평가시 영양문제파악을 위한 개개인의 영양상태 평가 도구로써 보다 세밀한 평가가 이루어질 수 있도록 영양평가 도구 개발이 필요하겠다. 2) 현재 일부 정밀건강검진프로그램에서만 결과에 따라 개인별 식사요법이나 영양교육이 실시되고 있다. 그러나, 영양교육 및 다양한 영양서비스를 제공하는 것은 건강증진, 질병예방 측면에서 볼 때 큰 효과를 볼 수 있는 좋은 프로그램이며, 소비자들도 원하는 부분이다. 이에 다양한 영양교육프로그램 개발을 통해 건진프로그램에 영양서비스 정착에 힘써야 할 것이며, 더불어 영양사의 자질 향상을 도모하는 것도 필요하리라 하겠다. 3) 영양평가결과지에 그래프나 도표 첨부, 영양자료나 리플릿 제작시 사진이나 그림, 건강기능식품에 대한 정보 추가 등의 수정보완이 필요하겠다. 4) 본 연구를 통해 영양서비스 요구도 설문이 실시됨으로써 차후에 다양한 건강검진프로그램 평가에 대한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있으며, 적극적인 차원에서의 건강검진프로그램 관리에 대한 기본적인 자료제공의 의의를 가질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 5) 본 연구는 영양서비스에 대한 평가에서 제한된 부분만을 분석하였으므로 앞으로는 여러 가지 평가도구가 개발되어야 하며 또한, 영양상담 내용을 행동에 옮기는데 필요한 구체적인 변수들의 규명과 분석이 진행되어야 하겠다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.597-607
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• 2002

Background : Even though it is well known that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves exercise capacity, and the quality of life, in patients with chronic lung diseases, not many patients can attend hospital based intensive PR in Korea. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for a home-based PR program, and study its effectiveness. Materials and Methods : Twenty patients with chronic lung diseases were randomly divided into two groups : a home PR group comprising of 10 male patients, with a mean age of 70 years, and a control group comprising of 10 male patients, with a mean age of 65 years. We developed exercise programs, depending on the exercise capacity of each patient, which were easy to do at home. The PR program consisted of a 12 week period of enforced aerobic (mostly walking) and muscle strengthening exercises, as prescribed by the exercise specialist, in accordance with the functional capacity of the patient. In addition to the education, nutritional and psychiatric consultation was undertaken, and respiratory muscle training arranged. Patients visited hospital every 2 weeks for evaluation and exercise prescription. Results : All patients finished the 12 week course of therapy. Following the home PR, the endurance times and work capacity of the upper and lower extremities were significantly increased in the treatment group in comparison to the controls. The six minute working (Eds note:should) 'working' read "walking"?) distance was increased from $465{\pm}60m$ to $508{\pm}37m$ and the maximal inspiratory pressure from $72.8{\pm}27.2cmH_2O$ to $91.4{\pm}30.9cmH_2O$. The quality of life, as assessed by St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), was also improved following PR. (Eds note:do you have figures for before and after, and a reference for the SGRQ?i.e. for the main paper.) Conclusion : The home PR program we developed seemed to be applicable, and effective, to most of the patients with chronic lung diseases in this study.