• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.368-379
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• 2002

This study investigated the correlations among the health consciousness, nutrition knowledge, dietary habits and nutrition attitudes of school teachers. The subjects of this study were 75 male and 152 female leachers in elementary and middle schools in Masan city. The survey was conducted by using a questionnaire. Even though the average body mass index (BMI) and the obesity index were normal in both male and female subjects, 33.3% of the male subjects were overweight/obese, while 18.5% of the female subjects were underweight, according to the obesity index. The food components of most concern during mealtime were (in order of importance) salt, MSG and cholesterol by male subjects, and salt, fat and MSG by female subjects. The subjects considered self-relaxation as the most important factor in maintaining optimal health status, followed by resting, bathing or use ova sauna, moderation in diet, exercise, decreasing alcohol intake, and no smoking. Newspapers/magazines and TV/radio were the primary sources of nutrition and health information of the subjects. As the degree of health consciousness increased, scores of the dietary habits and nutrition attitudes increased. Nutrition knowledge scores and nutrition altitudes scores increased with subjects'increased level of perception of the importance of acquiring nutrition knowledge and nutrition information. There was a highly significant correlation between the degree of health consciousness and dietary habit score (${\gamma}$ : 0.3, p<0.001). The degree of health consciousness was also significantly correlated (${\gamma}$=0.6, p<0.001) with nutrition attitudes scores. But the correlation between the degree of health consciousness and nutrition knowledge was not statistically significant. The degree of the perception of the importance of nutrition knowledge showed a positive correlation with nutrition attitude (${\gamma}$:0.4, p<0.001) and dietary habit (${\gamma}$:0.3, p<0.001). The degree of perception about the importance of nutrition knowledge and nutrition information was positively correlated with nutrition knowledge (${\gamma}$:0.2, p<0.001) and nutrition attitudes (${\gamma}$:0.3, p<0.001).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.739-745
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• 1999

This study was to investigate the changes in food habit, nutrition knowledge, and nutrition attitude of 406 university students during nutrition course and to find topics to be more emphasized at the lecture. The survey was conducted at the beginning and the end of nutrition course. Before instruction, BMIs of male and female students were 21.5 2.0 and 19.3 1.6 respectively, and after that those were 21.7 1.9 and 19.2 1.8, respectively. There was no significant change in BMI during nutrition course. After instruction, there was an somewhat increase in response to focus on meal to maintain health instead of exercise, even though this change was not significant. While the rate of skipping meals had not decreased, that of overeating had significantly decreased. Students considering changes food balance at meal seemed to be increasing during nutrition course. During nutrition course, there were no significant changes in the habits of smoking and alcohol drinking except in the amount of smoking and the rate of male's alcohol drinking. The nutrition knowledge score had increased from 9.9 $\pm$ 1.8 point to 10.8 $\pm$ 1.8 point and the uncertainty of knowledge had decreased significantly. Also, there was a significant increase in the nutrition attitude score from 66.3 $\pm$ 7.0 point to 68.3 $\pm$ 7.2 point. The nutrition knowledge score was significantly correlated with the nutrition attitude score. In female group, but there was no significant difference between male and female in the nutrition attitude score. These results suggest that nutrition course help university students change their food habit, nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude and the content of the lecture need to be strengthened especially in the part of smoking and alcohol drinking.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.302-308
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• 2004

This study was conducted to compare the acquiring and using patterns of information about food and nutrition between medical professional group (MP) and non-medical professionals group (NP). Questionnaire survey were done by total 310 subjects, 149 doctors/nurses (MP) working in Dankook University Hospital and 161 general laborers (NP) in Cheonan area. Personal characteristics, interests in food and nutrition information, and application of information about food and nutrition were asked in questionnaire. Age of MP and NP ranged from 20 to 50. In education level, 59.8% of MP and 46.6% of NP had college degree. The source of information favored the most was the internet website, 53.0% in MP and 51.6% in NP. The most interested information subjects in MP were ‘the diet therapy related to diseases’, and ‘cooking recipes’ in NP. The information was applied to their real life in 55.7% of MP and 58.4% of NP. The percentiles who would like to take part in the education about food and nutrition through internet system were 44.3% of MP and 34.8% of NP. From the results of this study, we concluded that many of MP and NP wanted and needed the education on food and nutrition through internet system. For being the better and more efficient source for the information about food and nutrition, internet websites should provide accurate informations and easier method to find the needed information to the users.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2015

A food allergy is described an adverse immunological reaction to a food item. It is increasingly common problem among infants, children, teenagers, and adults worldwide. This study examines food allergy knowledge, attitudes, practices, and health consciousness among college students studying food and nutrition and childhood education. A total of 235 food and nutrition and childhood education college students participated in the survey. According to the results, 41.3% of the respondents were aware of legal obligations associated labeling food items for food allergy; 14.0% were diagnosed with food allergy by their doctor; and 10.2% knew about food allergy symptoms. Food and nutrition students were more knowledgeable than childhood education students. The mean for food allergy attitudes was 4.22, and the score for food and nutrition students was higher than that for childhood education students. The mean for food allergy behaviors was 2.16, and the score of food and nutrition students was higher than that of childhood education students. The importance of food allergens was significantly higher than performance. These results suggest that, to improve the management of food allergies in foodservice operations, education programs regarding food allergies should be provided food and nutrition and childhood education students.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.188-200
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate fast food consumption patterns, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude of middle and high school students in Busan. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 562 students from April 8 to April 22 in 2006. The results are summarized as follows. Convenience to eat is the best motive for visiting fast food restaurants. Nutrition knowledge scores of middle school male students were lower than those of the other groups. The more nutrition knowledge female students have, the lower fast food consumption became. There was no significant difference in nutrition knowledge and fast food consumption in male students. There was a significantly positive correlation between education levels of their parents and dietary attitude of the subjects(p<0.01). Pocket money showed a significantly negative correlation with dietary attitude and with fast food use frequency(p<0.05). There was a significantly positive correlation between nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude of the subjects. The use frequency of fast food showed a negative correlation with dietary attitude(p<0.01) and nutrition knowledge(p<0.05) of the subjects. Therefore, proper nutrition education is required to improve their nutritional status and dietary attitude.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to analyze the performance in nutrition counseling service and to develop a desirable methodology for the nutrition counseling. Data were collected through a survey on satisfaction of 221 patients( 111 males and 110 females) in the nutrition counseling service conducted in seven general hospitals of over 450 beds in Seoul. The results are as follows Most(93.9%) of the respondents agreed on the necessity of nutrition counseling and 96.8% of them recognized the importance of the role of a therapeutic diet. The mean satisfaction ratings were 4.34/5.00 in the dietitian's customization, 4.19/5.00 in the overall nutrition counseling service, 3.90/5.00 in the detailed presentation of the menu, and 3.66/5.00 in the explanations of recipes for the food. Total mean satisfaction ratings were 38.57/55.00 for liver disease patients, 40.29/55.00 for hypertensives, 42.54/55.00 for renal disease patients, 43.28/55.00 for gastrointestinal disease patients, and 44.09/55.00 for diabetics.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.217-228
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• 1990

An ecological study of food and nutrition was conducted among 198 children, 6 to 12 years old, of the Songmyun elementary school and Samsong elementary school, located in remote villages of Chungchun-myun, Goisan-gun, Chung Buk Province between July 11 and 16, 1988. The results were summarized as follows. In regard to frequency of skipping breakfast, 3.3% of subjects skipped every morning; 15% often skipped; and the others never skipped. The most common reason for skipping a meal was lack of appetite. 6.6% of subjects often skipped an evening meal because of delayed meal preparation by a mother who returned home late. The survey found that 5.1% of subjects skipped a lunch at school. The reasons for skipping lunch were the mother’s being too busy to prepare a boxed lunch; a school bag too heavy to carry for a long distance to school; no adequate side-dishes for the boxed lunch. Growth patterns of those children having poor food habits, were reflected in lower figures in arm circumference and weight for height. The percentage of children having meals with their family on weekdays was 84.7% for breakfast; 85.6% for evening meal. About 7% of subjects had many dislikes and 74.1% had some dislikes in what they ate; 18.9% had good food preferences. There was a strong correlation between appetite or food preferences and anthropometric measurements or nutrient intake. Boiled rice was the predominant dietary staple, and principal sources of protein taken by subjects at home were soy beans and soy products. Regarding the boxed lunch prepared at home, most popular was one with only one kind of side-dish, including kimchee. 43.4% of the side-dishes were prepared with vegetables only. As for between meal snacks, milk and milk products, fruits and breads were popular among the subjects. The survey found that the children liked fruits, yogurt, corn, Chajang noodle; in contrast, lowest preference was for soup made with bones, curried meat with rice, and aromatic vegetables. The survey discovered a local dietary characteristics; 46.2% of the children customarily ate frog meat, an unconventional food.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1973

The main character of the Korean diet has been found to be low in protein both quantity and quality and high in carbohydrate. The purpose of this survey was to study the amount of salt intake related to the dietary pattern in Korea. The nutrition survey was conducted in a mountainous farming area located in Auhchun-ri, Gaebuk-myon, Changsoo-gun, Chunbuk Province, February 14-19 in 1973 (7 days). The precise weighing method was used in evaluating the kinds of foods and nutrients intake for 24 households during a three day period. The physical examinations were performed by a doctor on 120 persons and a detailed biochemical test on both blood and urine was made on 42 persons over 40 years old. The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) Average nutrients intake of an adult per day: calorie intake was 2,446 Cal and its components-protein(61.1g) was 10 percent, fat(12.9g) was 5 percent and carbohydrate(521g) contributed 85 percent of the total calories. Other nutrients-calcium (443mg), thiamine(1.09mg), riboflavin (0.90mg), niacin (14.4mg) and vitamin C (63.2mg) were lower than the recommended daily allowance but vitamin A(2,083 I.U.), iron(11mg) and phosphorous(998mg) were slightly higher than that. (2) To evaluate the nutritional deficiences, clinical examinations were conducted. Angular stomatitis was present in 16.7 percent of those examiners. No edema was found. The rate of osteoarthritis, hepatomegaly diseases appeared in 20 percent of the total subjects and the symptoms appeared highest among those Iron 50 to 59 years old. (3) The following chemical components of blood serum were analyzed and found to be within the normal range: glucose, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, total protein, albumin, globulin, bilirubin, total cholesterol, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and lecithine dehydrase. One case of each of the following were found: hyperglycemia, hypocholesterolemia, renal problem, hypoproteinaemia and diabetes mellitus, and two persons were classified as showing hypoglycemia and hyponaturemia. (4) The sodium content in urine was 199.6 mEq/L, potassium content was 24.6 mEq/L. The sugar, pH and specific gravity in the urine was shown to be normal.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.740-750
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• 2011

With a recent increase in dietary supplements (DS) consumption among children in Korea, this study was performed to examine the influencing factors on children's DS consumption. A nationwide survey was conducted employing 3 representative samples of children for summer & fall of 2008 and spring of 2009 by stratified multistage sampling of 120 survey sites per season based on the 2005 census population. Approximately 30 households from each survey site were screened for residing children of 0-19 years and about 1,700 households remained as eligible samples per season. Trained dietitians visited households to perform face-to-face interview to children and/or parents regarding DS consumption including health functional foods (HFF), vitamins/minerals (V/M) supplements and other food supplements during 1 month prior to interview. Out of 5,328 children responded, 18.7% reported DS consumption. Consumption rate was higher in boys (19.9% vs. 17.3% in girls, P < 0.05) and youngsters (22.8% compared to 15.0% in adolescents, P < 0.001). Children from higher income family (P < 0.001), those living in apartments (P < 0.001), those residing in metropolitan area (P < 0.001), and those of mothers with higher education (P < 0.001) were more likely to take DS. Also, mother's employment status and occupation were significantly associated with children's DS consumption. The most popular DS was HFF (72.1%), which was consumed more in children of higher income family. It is revealed that socioeconomic factors affect children's DS consumption significantly. Also it is necessary to estimate children's V/M intake from DS and foods together especially because there are tolerable upper limits set for V/M for safety purposes.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.92-102
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• 2021

There is little information on the nutrient intake according to the city size and small town in Korean elderly. This study analyzed the nutritional consumption of older people in metropolitan, middle and small cities, and rural areas according to four income levels. The recent data from the 2016~2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used. The final analysis included 4,325 individuals (Male: 1,856, Female: 2,469) over 65 years old. Multivariable regression with a complex sample design was conducted to compare the nutrient intake among the groups. In a comparison within regions, the nutrition status of the elderly in small towns was more vulnerable than metropolitan and middle & small cities. The energy intakes were similar between the groups. The carbohydrate intake of middle & small cities was significantly higher than the other regions. The intake of other nutrients in metropolitan and middle & small cities appeared to be higher than in rural areas. The number of nutrients with statistical significance between low and high-income levels were 19 in metropolitan, 11 in middle & small cities, and 5 in rural areas. Each contribution of carbohydrate, fat, and protein to the total energy intake was lower in the low-income level than the high-income level in metropolitan and middle & small cities. On the other hand, in rural areas, only the contribution of protein to energy intake was lower in the low-income level than the high-income level. Cities with higher levels of urbanization had more severe nutritional inequality in relation to the income level. There was also nutritional inequality present in rural areas but it was to a lesser extent. Moreover, the generally low level of nutrient intake was problematic in rural areas. These findings could be used as fundamental evidence for developing community nutritional policies for the elderly.