• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2001

The study was conducted to assess the association or physical activity, television watching and energy intake with body fat in 514 adolescents(218 boys, 296 girls) aged 14-17 years. Comparison of the weight status evaluated according to some indicators based on weight and stature was made. The quantitative food frequency was used to determine intakes of total energy and energy from each macronutrient. Television-watching time was used as an index of inactivity and time spent performing extra-curricular physical exercise or playing was used a index of activity, BMI(body mass index) was used as index of body fat. Weight status varied by the indicators used. Using BMI, Broca and Rohrer index, 54-59% of boys and 38-57% of girls were underweight decreased(23% of boys and 26% of girls) and the of overweight increased (9.3% of boys and 7.8% girls), when adolescents whose BMI are<=15th percentiles for age and sex, and >= 85th percentiles of standard growth charts of Korean Children and aldosescents(1998) were classified as underweight and overweight, respectively, Girls tended to get fatter compared to boys who showed greater skeletal development. There were no significant correlations between BMI and total energy intake, energy intakes from macronutrient and physical activity level. These lack of association seems to be related to indication that BMI reflects total body mass rather than fatness. Mpreover, the effect of growth may interact with diet intake or physical activity level. Although BMI was not related to physical activity, television-watching time was negatively correlated with physical activity. Television-watching time was positiviely correlated with energy intake in girls. In adolescents, criteria for weigh status based on weight and stature must be age- and sex-specific in that weight status varied by indicators whether gender and higher were taken into consideration or not. If follows that each hourly increment of television watching may be related to fatness of adolescents, because hours certainly reduce the opportunity to be active and increase th energy intake.(Korean J Nutrition 34(1):39-47, 2001)

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.331-348
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data for nutrition education of the children in a health promoting elementry school. The data was collected by a questionaire of food habits, and anthropometric measurement and biochemical test in comparison with obesity index. The study subjects were boys and girls aged 10 to 12 years who participated in the “99 Children Nutrition Camp”. The average obesity index was 1.7$\pm$21.6% in boys and -11.4$\pm$12.6% in girls. After school, major leisure items were significnatly different by gender but both boys and girls played mainly computer game. In concern for body image and eating habits, girls had more concern and girls had attempted weight control more than boys. 80.2% of subjects had prejudice for special food, especially, all subjects in the severely underweight group had prejudice. But this tendency was significantly decreased with the increasing obesity index. The lowest preferency was for vegetables(64.4%). The tendency of prejudice of subjects was higher whose mother are thirties than those of subjects whose mother are in fourties. The serum GOT and GPT values were significantly higher in overweight and obese group than the other groups. The only serum T-chol was significantly higher in boys than in girls. The number of risk factors related to coronary heart disease(CHD) based on coresponding criteria of TG, T-chol, HDL-chol, and LDL-chol was not increased significantly with the degree of obesity index. The results indicated the need of nutritional management for the children. At a point of view, to educate children early who are able to change food habits and life-styles means to help heathy growth and to deliver up heathy adults. Active nutrition education for both children and mothers will be recommended with joint participation of nutritionists in community public health center and elementary school.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 1999

In Korea, the practice of nutrition education program at the worksite has not yet been implemented, especially for the workers who are at risk for health. Accordingly, the worksite nutrition program, education, and nutrition counseling are necessary. In this study, the worksite nutrition program was developed from June, 1997 to May, 1998. For this program, we surveyed the workers' age and the levels of education, income and physical activity. We developed the proper dietary intake questionnaire to evaluate the employees' nutritional status and the nutrition index which is a simple tool to assess nutrient intakes of the employees at the worksites. To demonstrate the validity of the developed nutritional assessment tools, the CAN(Computer Aided Nutritional) program and Hyunmin system developed by the Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Dietetic Association respectively, were used as references. The result of the validity test for the dietary assessment method that we have been developed revealed that the method was valid showing no significant difference among the various methods. However, the carbohydrate intake measured by the CAN program was higher than those of others. The validity test results for the nutrient index method showed that there was no significant difference among the methods, except the carbohydrate intake measured by the Hyunmin system was lower that those of others. As a result, we concluded that the dietary assessment methods that we had been developed, were valid method to measure the nutrient intakes of the employees at the worksites.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.221-233
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• 2020

The Center for Children's Foodservice Management periodically visited children's foodservice facilities for hygiene, safety and nutrition management, and the 'HSQ (Hygiene Safety Quotient) and NQ (Nutrition Quotient) Management Web & App Program' was developed and applied to improve the health, safety, and nutrition management status of children's foodservice facilities. The HSQ is a comprehensive hygiene and safety index consisting of six categories from the hygiene and safety checklist for children's foodservice facilities provided by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The NQ is a nutrition index for foodservice facilities consisting of five categories from the nutrition checklist. First, this program can be used to efficiently understand the actual conditions of children's foodservice. Foodservice facilities are provided with the result report prepared by the center without restrictions on time or place. Second, it can be used as "a channel for comfortable communication with foodservice facilities". Foodservice facilities are provided with a route where questions and resolutions can be communicated to the center. Third, it is easy to compare and review the results of foodservice facilities by institution and number of visits while downloading the results data at the same time, as the result report is written based on hygiene, safety, and nutrition visits. Through such programs, it is believed that standardized work and integrated management will improve the work efficiency of the center's employees. It is also thought that these programs will promote healthier life-styles in children by establishing a safe food environment for children's foodservice.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.630-641
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• 2022

Purpose: In this study, we assessed the intake of nutrients and food groups and analyzed the nutrition quotient of obese children in South Korea. The hypothesis was that dietary quality and nutrient intake are related to the body mass index (BMI) of obese children. Methods: The participants included 48 children (20 boys and 28 girls). Based on the guidelines for the age-for-body mass index provided by the Korean National Growth Charts for children and adolescents, the participants were divided into 3 groups: overweight, BMI ≥ 85th percentile; obese, BMI ≥ 95th percentile; severely obese, BMI ≥ 99th percentile. Results: The energy distribution showed that the carbohydrate ratio was significantly higher in the overweight group (p < 0.01), whereas the fat ratio was significantly higher in the obese and severely obese groups (p < 0.05). Thus, in the overweight and obese groups, the percent body fat was negatively associated with the carbohydrate ratio (p < 0.05) but was positively associated with the fat ratio (p < 0.05). The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) data revealed that the intake levels of protein, vitamin B₁, vitamin B₁₂, and sodium were higher in all groups. Intakes of fiber, calcium, potassium, and magnesium were insufficient in all groups, and the DRI percent for protein was significantly higher in the obese and severely obese groups than in the overweight group. No significant differences were obtained in food group patterns or Nutrition Quotient (NQ) scores among the 3 groups. According to the evaluation results by food record and NQ, a significant difference was obtained in the dietary quality of obese children. Conclusion: We conclude that a higher intake of fat enhances weight gain. Based on the study results, we propose that the guidelines should consider the energy distribution of carbohydrate and fat intake to prevent and control obesity among Korean children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.757-766
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• 1994

The survey was conducted to investigate several factors affecting the disease outcome with 116 infants aged 10 to 24 months residing in Kunsan city, Cheonbuk province . General characteristics, weaning practice , nutrient intake and the actual state for affecting disease were studied. Among many factors, mother's educational status was found to be the most influencing factor for affecting the disease outcome analyzed by oneway ANOVA. The exposure index disease, cold and diarrrhea, against mother's education were analyzed to find out the major factors for disease outcome. The education group up to middle school graduates, mother's job , nutrients supplements, feeding method, sex of baby were the factors, for the high school graduates, job , nutrients supplements were the causes, and the group graduated from the college the above grade mother's health state was the most important factor for the baby exposing to the disease. The disease outcome decreased when the bottle feeding was replaced by breast feeding, sufficient nutrients supplementation was recommended , and health care for mother during pregnancy was strongly advised.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.288-293
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• 1996

Chitosan의 막형성능을 이용하여 계란의 저장성 증진 효과를 검토하기 위하여 세척란과 미세척란을 chitosan용액 1%와 2%를 이용하여 coating 처리하여 $20^{\circ}C에서$ 저장하면서 난중 감소율, yolk index, Haugh unit 및 유화력 등을 측정하여 대조구와 비교한 결과 난중 감소율은 chitosan 처리에 의해 저장 기간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. Yolk index와 Haugh unit 측정결과 chitosan의 처리효과는 p<0.05 수준에서 유의성이 인정되었다. 난황의 유화력은 저장 기간이 경과함에 따라 감소하였으며 chitosan 처리구는 대조구에 비해 완만하게 감소하였다. Chitosan coating의 농도별 처리는 계란의 저장중 무처리구에 비해 품질보존 효과가 점차 뚜렷하였으며, 미세척란 보다 세척란에서 더욱 뚜렷하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.322-328
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• 2001

To assess the quality characteristics of black-goat meat extracts and to develop their quality index, the ingredient ratio, manufacturing process and general composition of black-goat meat extracts were investigated. A partial meat of black-goat had high protein content(20.2∼21.6%) and low lipid content (1.9∼3.3%). The crude protein contents, 3.5∼6.1%, of black-goat meat extracts had a high correlation (r=0.88, p<0.01) with black-goat meat content and the soluble solid content had a high correlation (r=0.87. p<0.01) with the subsidiary material content. Two commercial products had total bacteria of 10$^1$∼10$^2$ cfu/ ml. showing the necessity of pressure sterilization of final process.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.505-515
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the body mass index and food habits of female university students (nutrition majors) in Seoul. The means of height, weight and BMI were 161.22${\pm}$4.63cm, 52.76${\pm}$6.59kg, and 22.20${\pm}$3.98, respectively. Subjects were divided into 3 groups based on BMI. The ratio of underweight, normal, and overweight students was 25.2%, 56.3%, and 18.5%. respectively. There were significant differences in the recognition rate of body shape and the way to maintain health by BMI. And self satisfaction rate of body shape was significantly higher in underweight subjects compared with others. There was no significant difference in the rate of activity and exercise, food behavior, intake frequency of various foods, intake of convenience food and carbonated drink according to BMI. Weight and body fat of subjects had a significant correlation with BMI. and height, frequency of taking food, frequency of meals, food behavior, intake food, health and exercise consciousness rate showed no correlation with BMI.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.942-952
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• 1993

This study was to investigate if Body Mass Index(BMI) is adequate as a method of physique classification of Korean female college students. For this study 571 students were selected to examine physique classification by anthropometric index, and the correlation between the various anthropometric index and risk facters(blood pressure, triglyceride, hematocrit). The following results were obtained by this study. 1) Average age of the subjects is 19.6, height 158.2cm and weight 54.4g. 2) All anthropometric indices and body fat percentage are highly correlated (r>0.713), among them BMI shows high and significant positive correlation with weight(r=0.919) and skinfold thickness(r>0.601), but negative correlation with height(r=-0.086). 3) All anthropometric indices and body fat percentage show significant correlation with blood pressure and triglyceride. Among them BMI shows high and significant positive correlation with blood pressure and triglyceride. 4) FAT% III calculated of BMI shows significant with FAT% I and FAT% II by skinfold thickness, and high correlation with blood pressure and triglyceride. Therefore FAT% III is adequate for calculation method of body fat percentage.