• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.259-275
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• 2008

Children are an important target of health promotion activities due to the life long effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate a nutrition education program offered to primary school students by community health centers. Eight hundred and twenty-six children from 4 primary schools in Seoul voluntarily attended the program. Teachers taught the classes with materials that were provided to them. The subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire before and then after completion of the program. The data were analysed by SPSS. The results showed that there were significant positive differences in the children's nutrition knowledge scores after the program (p<0.001). In terms of dietary attitude, the rate of 'yes' responses, as a desirable answer to many questions, had increased (p<0.001); however, this positive change in scores was not statistically significant. For dietary habit changes, it was shown that the proportion of children regularly eating breakfast five days a week had improved to 3.3%. And the proportion of children eating fast foods and instant foods decreased. There was no change in fruit intake, but vegetable intake increased (p<0.001). However, the children's overall dietary habit scores did not show a significant change. In the evaluation of the program, 52.3% of the subjects answered that was helpful, and they viewed 'fast food' as the most interesting topic, whereas 'nutrition labeling' was the most difficult topic in the program. The program's effectiveness was positive in terms of enhancing the 'nutrition knowledge', 'dietary attitudes', and 'dietary habits' of the children. Therefore, the above results indicate that this type of program, provided by community health centers, was effective for nutrition education.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.218-227
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop dietary change program items that could be used to improve dietary life of the elderly and investigate their validity. Methods: The survey was were analyzed by SPSS program (Ver. 21) and descriptive statistics was performed; a t-test, ${\chi}^2$ test, One-way ANOVA and Friedman test were used to determine the priority. Results: Programs for feeding senior citizens that need to be newly established are largely divided into two fields, namely, application of welfare facilities and application of home care, classified into large, medium and sub-classes. The large class was divided into nutrition management, sanitary control, and other health management. The medium class of nutrition management was divided into nutrition education, nutrition intervention, and menu management and supply. The sub-class was composed of division into application of welfare facilities for the elderly and application of home care for the same age group. Responses showed high rate saying that all the categorized items were necessary and valid. With respect to expectation effect on a community program for old people feeding, 'yes' was 65 people (55.6%) showing very high expectation toward the question whether a community program for old people feeding are newly set up. Conclusions: It is believed that nutrition for the aged will be improved and it will be a help not only to a small facilities without obligation of employing a dietician but also to the aged at home if a community program for old people feeding are newly established.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.727-739
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the evaluation of nutrition and exercise education program on weight control for obese children. The subjects of this study were 28 obese children and their parents living in Geyongnam area. The weight control program consisted of exercises for children and nutrition education for both children and their parents. The BMI values of the children were significantly reduced from $27.96\;kg/m^2$ to $27.22\;kg/m^2$ after 11 weeks (p < 0.001) and to $27.65\;kg/m^2$ after one year. Dietary habits and exercise patterns were also changed positively. For the children, while the frequency of eating breakfast and appropriate chewing habits were increased, the percentages of eating in inappropriate position and the frequency of buying snacks were decreased (p < 0.001). In terms of exercise, the proportion of doing exercise more than 30 minutes, participating in physical activity classes actively, and walking rather than taking a car were significantly increased. Nutrition knowledge of both the student and parent respondents were significantly increased when measured immediately after the education and even a year after compared to their knowledge status measured before the program (p < 0.001). Both the students (82.1%) and parents (96.4%) were satisfied with the overall weight control program. Exercise therapy was chosen as the most beneficial content. Reparticipation intention was comparable between the students (28.6%) and their parents (67.9%). A year after survey results revealed that 71.4% of students controlled their weight by doing regular exercises (55.0%) and controlling overeating (45%). Parents often applied healthy cooking methods (89.3%) and low calorie menus (64.3%), which they learned from nutrition education. Most parents perceived that the weight control program was helpful for their children (89.3%) and themselves (92.9%) as well.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.331-340
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• 2005

In the present study, in order to improve elementary students’ nutrition knowledge and form correct eating habits, dietitian in charge executed nutrition education for 4th-, 5th- and 6th-grade students at Namchang Elementary School in Suwon, Gyeonggi-do using various educational media for five weeks and two sessions a week (a total of 10 sessions) through discretional activity classes. As for change in nutritional knowledge after nutrition education, 4th-grade students showed improvement by 24.3points(p<0.001), 5th-grade ones by 18.0(p<0.001), and 6th-grade ones by 16.7(p<0.001). With regard to change in dietary habits after education, no effect was observed in the improvement of dietary life but the score of dietary habits was improved as a whole. Nutritional knowledge and dietary habits were in a positive correlation with each other before education(r=0.406, p<0.001), but in no correlation after education. Nutritional knowledge and dietary habit practice plan were in a positive correlation after education(r=0.310, p<0.01). With regard to nutritional knowledge after nutrition education by children’s body type measured using Rohrer Index, knowledge increased significantly in normal children(p<0.001), obese children(p<0.001) and highly obese children(p<0.05) but not in slim children. the effect of education was not significant for children’s dietary habits. Practice plan showed significant changes in all of children(p<0.001). This suggests that nutrition education should be executed from early age. It is necessary to define the goals of systematic nutrition education fit for children’s level and to develop various education programs and teaching materials.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.92-112
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• 2021

This study compared the job satisfaction and job importance of school dietitians according to various school types in Sejong. One hundred and twenty-six school dietitians working in kindergartens (n=36), elementary schools (n=42), middle schools (n=22), and high schools (n=26) participated in this questionnaire survey. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the school types. Half of the subjects were over 41 years of age, with 64.3% graduating from graduate school. The percentage of nutrition teachers was the highest in middle schools at 95.4%, followed by the elementary school at 90.5% and high school at 73.1%, whereas 100% of the kindergarten dietitians were not nutrition teachers (P<0.001). The percentage of the running status of nutrition education classes/activities was lowest in kindergartens (P<0.001). The job satisfaction score in the job itself area was significantly lower in kindergartens and high schools than in middle schools (P<0.01). The satisfaction scores of human relationships, working environment, personnel evaluation, and welfare did not differ significantly among the schools. As for the Job importance, the scores of nutrition counseling were significantly lower in middle school than in elementary and high schools (P<0.05). In cooking and distribution management, high schools were less important than other school levels (P<0.05). These findings highlight the need for the placement of nutrition teachers in kindergarten to promote nutrition education, the reduction of workload for school dietitians/nutrition teachers and additional placement of dietitians by the appropriate workload such as the number of people and meals to serve.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.719-728
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• 2012

This study focused on the yearly-dietary habits, nutrition status, and health of female students residing in Seoul. A number of classes were assess based on their dietary behaviors in oder to attempt to determine differences in their attitudes to nutrition, according to age. The students of class 2011 (sophomore) ate meals more regularly than the female students of the 2008 class (p<0.05). It was found that sophomore female students of class 2008 consumed higher than average nutrient intake. Sophomore female students of the 2011 class consumed lower than average vitamin $B_2$, C, Ca, and Fe intakes. Folic acid in take was lower than average in both groups. Phosphorus and sodium intakes in both groups were excessive (p<0.05). When surveyed, sophomore female students of the 2008 class believed that the most important thing for health was exercise, whereas students of class 2011 believed that nutrient intake was the most important factor (p<0.05). Female students of the 2008 class exercised 1~2 times a week generally, whereas students of class 2011 exercised three times (43.2%) (p<0.05). Therefore, it is necessary to study changes in dietary habits and health status according to the age of students, and develop specific nutrition education programs for female students.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to establish outcome validity for three instruments that assess whether subjects met recommendations for daily servings of fruits and vegetables for“Stage of Change”research. A convenience sample of 294 college students was recruited from introductory nutrition classes at Michigan State University in the United States. To measure servings of fruits and vegetables, separately, three types of methods (self-rated intake, 24-hour recall and food frequency) were used in comparison to the servings from a three-day food record, the criterion used. The outcome validity was assessed based on whether or not at least two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables were reported. Validity was assessed by sensitivity, to measure the ability to detect low intakes, and by specificity, to measure ability to detect adequate intakes. Cohen's kappa was used as well to examine the agreement between the three methods and a three-day food record. The results showed, for fruits, the 24-hour recall had the best agreement (recall 0.54, self-rated : 0.31, food frequency : 0.29) with a three-day food record for servings consumed by people in pre-action or post-action stages. Sensitivity for fruit was also best using a recall (0.81). For vegetables, however, all three methods had low agreement (food frequency : 0.27, recall : 0.21, self-rated : 0.17) with the results of the three-day food record. Self-rated intakes for vegetables had the best sensitivity (0.66) and the food frequency had the best specificity (0.73). Therefore, researcher can use the 24-hour recall method to identify people who consume inadequate servings of fruit. To detect adequate vegetable intake, the food frequency was best of the three methods. Accuracy may be improved by probing for vegetables in mixed dishes and on sandwiches. (J Community Nutrition 4(3)： 143∼150, 2002)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.626-643
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• 2013

This study was performed to evaluate the differences in blood pressure, sodium intake and dietary behavior changes according to the extent of session attendance on sodium reduction education program for pre-hypertensive adults in a public health center. Sodium reduction education program consisted of 8 sessions for 8 weeks. Fifty three patients who completed the pre and post nutritional assessments were classified into 2 groups according to the session attendance rate. Nineteen participants who attended the education program 3 times or less (${\leq}3$) were categorized into the less attendance (LA) group and 34 participants attended 4 times or more (${\geq}4$) into the more attendance (MA) group. Blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, serum lipid profile, nutrient intakes including sodium, nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior score were assessed before and after the nutrition education program. Mean sodium intakes (p<0.001), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (p<0.001), and weight (p<0.001) were significantly decreased in the MA group after sodium reduction education program. Compared to the MA group, mean sodium intakes, systolic/diastolic blood pressure were not significantly changed after the education program even with significantly increased nutrition knowledge (p<0.05) and dietary behavior score (p<0.01) in the LA group. It appears that pre-hypertensive adults need to attend the sodium reduction education program for at least 4 times or more to gain beneficial effects from the intervention. Positive feedback of healthcare team or offering more cooking classes may be needed to raise the attendance rate in the sodium reduction education program.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.1016-1024
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 전국 16개 지역 초등학교 학생 7,577명과 학부모 6,003명을 대상으로 학부모의 가정에서의 영양교육실태, 학부모와 학생이 인식하는 학교 영양교육의 필요성 및 교육방향, 학생들의 영양교육에 대한 관심도와 학부모대상 식생활교실 관심도 등을 학교급식 유형별로 비교하였다. 학부모의 81.4%가 가정에서의 영양교육이 충분하지 못한 것으로 인식하였고, 63.2%가 가정에서의 영양교육 실시에 어려움을 느꼈으며, 그 이유로는 자녀의 영양상태 파악부족이 41.9%로 가장 많았고, 가정에서 실시하고 있는 영양교육은 편식교정이 73.1%로 가장 높았다. 영양교육의 필요성에 대해서 학부모의 96.6%, 학생의 62.8%가 필요한 것으로 인식하였고, 영양교육 적임자로는 학부모의 53.8%와 학생의 46.2%가 영양교사로 인식하였으며, 교육시기로는 학부모의 88.4%가 유치원 및 초등학교 저학년부터 실시하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 인식하였다. 영양교육 유형으로는 학부모의 55.8%가 실습을 병행한 교육이 적당하다고 답하였고, 도시형 급식학교 학부모의 경우 특별활동반을 활용한 교육을, 농어촌형 급식학교 학부모의 경우는 재량활동시간을 활용하는 것을 더 원하는 것으로 나타났다. 학생들은 적절한 영양교육 시간을 일주일에 1시간으로 응답한 경우가 가장 많았고, 영양교육 유형으로는 특별활동반 및 우리농산물 체험교육에 대해서 78.5%가 관심을 나타내었으며, 참여해보고 싶은 특별활동반으로는 조리실습반 73.0%, 편식교정반 12.8%, 비만관리반 10.1% 순이었다. 방학을 이용한 건강 식생활 캠프는 조리실습 캠프 68.3%, 전통음식 탐방 캠프 41.3%, 편식 캠프 19.5% 순으로 조사되었다. 학부모 대상 식생활 교실을 운영할 경우 74%의 학부모가 참여의사가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 식생활 교실운영 시 관심분야는 조리실습 47.4%, 식사요법 45.7%, 식품정보 44.5% 순으로 나타났으며, 식품정보에 대한 관심도는 도시형 급식학교의 학부모가 농어촌형 급식학교의 학부모보다 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과 초등학생 및 학부모들은 영양교육의 필요성을 절실히 인식하고 있었으며, 학생들은 특별활동반을 활용하여 일주일에 1시간씩 영양교육을 받기를 원하는 것으로 나타났고, 학부모 또한 자녀들이 실습을 병행한 교육을 받기를 원하는 것으로 나타났으므로 향후 특별활동반 운영을 위한 체계적인 영양교육프로그램이나 지침서의 개발이 절실히 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2013

This study was conducted to develop a dietary life education textbook and teaching manual for creative activities of elementary school students in middle grade. First, we extracted dietary life related contents from textbooks for third and fourth grade and created systematization of contents involving educational objectives, goals, contents and activities. The development of textbook and teaching manual were based on systematization of contents. The textbook was composed of five major chapters, which were 'nutrition', 'cooking', 'environment and hygiene', 'food' and 'dietary culture'. Each major chapter having six to seven smaller chapters, adding up to a total of 34 smaller chapters. The textbook was in activity format so that can be readily and directly used in actual classes. The textbook had fun characters and various activities (particularly a lot of cooking activities) to deliver the main theme of each chapter. The teaching manual was composed of background, goal, teaching plan and teaching point. The smaller chapters had learning goal, teaching-learning resources, important points, teaching-learning process and reference material. In evaluation after operating the model school, the developed textbooks were suited for students' needs and cognitive level. This textbook can be utilized at creative activities consisting of ten to fifteen students.