• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.382-395
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• 2021

Objectives: This study examined the nutritional status according to frailty status in the elderly at home. Methods: The participants were a total of 76 elderly at home living in Seo-gu, Gwangju, Korea. The nutritional status and frailty status were analyzed using the Nutrition Quotient for Elderly (NQ-E) and the Korean version of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses and Loss of weight Scale (K-FRAIL), respectively. Results: The distribution of frailty status was robust (17.1%), pre-frailty (38.2%) and frailty (44.7%), and its distribution was significantly different in genders, age groups and the number of medications. The mean NQ-E score was 47.0 for total subjects, indicating a low grade. The scores of balance, diversity and dietary behavior factors were within the low grade, while the score of the moderation factor was within the medium-high grade. According to the frailty status, pre-frailty and frailty showed significantly higher scores for sugar-added beverages intake in the moderation constructs than robust. Robust showed significantly higher scores for the exercise hours and perception level for one's health than pre-frailty and frailty. Conclusions: These results suggest that nutrition status is associated with frailty status. Regular nutrition education and visiting nutrition service should be established to improve the balance and diversity of food intake and improve the dietary behavior of the elderly at home.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.248-262
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• 2021

This study examined the effect of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet of the Korean multi-domain dementia prevention program on the cognitive functions of the elderly with dementia risk factors. We developed the program including nutrition, exercise, cognitive training, vascular disease prevention, and motivation. One- hundred and fifty-three participants aged 60~79 years with at least 1 dementia risk factor were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to the facility-based intervention (FMI), home-based intervention (HMI), and the control group. The nutrition education program consisted of 10 classes over 24 weeks: the FMI received 7 group sessions and three 1:1 sessions, the HMI received 4 group sessions and three 1:1 sessions with 3 homework sessions. The Nutrition Quotient for Elderly (NQ-E) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) were used to evaluate nutritional status. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and the Cognitive Complaint Interview (CCI) were used to evaluate cognitive functions. A total of 136 people completed the program with an 11.1% dropout rate. The NQ-E (P=0.009) and RBANS (P=0.001) scores significantly increased in the FMI (N=45) and HMI (N=49) groups compared to the control group (N=42) after the study. The changes in the score of MNA and CCI did not differ significantly between groups. In conclusion, the nutritional intervention which focused on the MIND diet as a part of a multi-domain intervention program had a positive effect on the improvement of healthy eating habits and cognitive function scores in the high-risk dementia group.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.263-273
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• 2017

Numerous studies have investigated quantifying dietary intake according to the weight status of children and adolescents. However, studies on differences in quality among diets remain scarce. This study compared diet quality by weight status and examined correlations between quality of diet and obesity in children and adolescents. Two hundred fourteen children and adolescents aged between 9 and 18 years participated in this study (Normal weight n=104, Obesity n=110). The data related to food intake were investigated by dietary records, Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), and Nutrition Quotient (NQ) and then compared with Dietary Reference Intakes for Korean (KDRIs). In DQI-I, moderation factor (control of unhealthy foods) score was 21.7 in the normal weight group and 19.5 in the obesity group. The normal weight group showed a higher score for moderation factor than the obesity group (P<0.001). Compared with KDRIs, vitamin $B_6$, folate, vitamin C, vitamin E, calcium, potassium, and zinc intakes were insufficient in both groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that DQI-I moderation was negatively associated with obesity (OR=0.77, 95% CI 0.69-0.87) after adjustment for age, gender, income, and total energy intake. Our results suggest that children and adolescents require nutritional education to understand the importance of vitamin and mineral consumption. Especially, education for children and adolescents with obesity needs to emphasize moderation of nutrient intake that can cause diseases with hyper-ingestion such as sodium and high calorie-low nutrition foods.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.143-157
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• 2021

본 연구는 청년 1인가구를 위한 식생활교육 프로그램을 실시한 후, 교육 효과를 분석 및 평가하였다. 식생활교육 프로그램은 성북구에 거주하는 청년 1인 가구를 대상으로 이론 강의와 실습을 포함한 4회의 대면수업과 1회의 온라인수업을 통해 5주 동안(2020년 11월 10일부터 12월 8일까지) 진행되었다. 식생활교육 프로그램 효과는 한국영양학회가 제공하는 성인 영양지수(NQ) 설문지, 자체 개발된 식생활 평가점검표 설문지 및 포토보이스를 통해 분석하였다. 성인 영양지수(NQ) 분석 결과, 영양 점수의 평균은 51.81점에서 53.20점으로 상승하였으나 통계적으로 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 그러나 4개의 하위영역 중 '절제' 영역에서는 유의미한 변화가 나타났다(p<0.05). 자체 개발된 식생활 평가점검표 분석 결과, '중요도' 영역 평균은 3.77점에서 3.99점으로 상승하였으나, 통계적으로 유의미한 차이는 없었다. '실천도' 영역 평균은 3.03점, 3.57점으로 상승하였으며, 통계적으로 유의미한 결과가 나타났다(p<0.05). 중요도의 설문 범주별 사전·사후 평균 비교분석 결과, 4개 영역에서, 실천도의 설문범주별 사전·사후 평균 비교분석 결과에서는 5개 모든 항목에서 유의미한 결과가 나타났다(p<0.05). 총 200장의 포토보이스를 사회인지이론에 근거하여 분석한 결과, 사람들이 건강한 집에서 만든 음식을 먹는 데 도움이 되는 결정요인은 환경적 요인 48%, 행동적 요인 30%, 개인의 인지적 요인 22%로 나타났다. 반면, 참가자들이 집에서 만든 건강한 음식을 먹는 것을 방해하는 결정요인은 환경적 요인 72%, 개인의 인지적 요인 14%, 행동적 요인이 14%로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 대한 종합적인 분석은 청년 1인 가구를 위한 식생활교육 프로그램이 동기 부여를 촉진하고, 행동 변화를 촉진하고, 주변 환경을 개선하는 효과적인 도구가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.