• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.385-395
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• 2015

목격자 심폐소생술 시행률을 높이는 핵심 방안 중 하나가 학생들에게 심폐소생술 교육을 하는 것이다. 본 연구의 목적은 보건교사가 실시하는 중학생 심폐소생술 교육의 결과를 교육 전 수준과 비교 검증하는 것이다. 2014년 3월부터 6월까지 부산광역시 중학생 812명을 대상으로 교육 전과 후의 관찰 값을 SPSS, SAS프로그램을 사용하여 카이검정과 맥네머 검정으로 분석하였다. 대상자의 성별과 과거교육 경험을 층하한 후 각 층하군에서 인식, 의지 및 자신감의 모든 항목에서 교육 전보다 교육 후에 통계적으로 유의하게 긍정적인 변화가 관찰되었다(p<0.05). 목격자 심폐소생술이 더 많이 실시되기 위해서는 중학생에게 보건교사가 이론과 실습으로 구성된 심폐소생술 교육을 실시하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다. 이러한 교육의 실현을 위하여 교육 도구의 공급을 위한 지역사회의 정책 개발을 위한 추가적인 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.144-152
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• 2020

Background: Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis, a frequent complication of the brachial plexus block performed above the clavicle, is rarely associated with an infraclavicular approach. The costoclavicular brachial plexus block is emerging as a promising infraclavicular approach. However, it may increase the risk of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis because the proximity to the phrenic nerve is greater than in the classical infraclavicular approach. Methods: This retrospective analysis compared the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis in patients undergoing costoclavicular and supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks. Of 315 patients who underwent brachial plexus block performed by a single anesthesiologist, 118 underwent costoclavicular, and 197 underwent supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Propensity score matching selected 118 pairs of patients. The primary outcome was the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis, defined as a postoperative elevation of the hemidiaphragm > 20 mm. Factors affecting the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis were also evaluated. Results: Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis was observed in three patients (2.5%) who underwent costoclavicular and 47 (39.8%) who underwent supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks (P < 0.001; odds ratio, 0.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.13). Both the brachial plexus block approach and the injected volume of local anesthetic were significantly associated with hemidiaphragmatic paralysis. Conclusions: The incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis is significantly lower with costoclavicular than with supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2010

Objectives: Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly population. In order to estimate the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in the community, the application of a good screening tool is essential. We evaluated the validity and reliability of a Parkinson's disease screening questionnaire and propose an alternative measure to improve its validity for use in community surveys. Methods: We designed the study in a three-phase approach consisting of a screening questionnaire, neurologic examination, and confirmatory examination. A repeated survey was administered to patients with disease detected in the community and on 150 subjects. We examined internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha test, test-retest reliability using the kappa statistic, and validity using sensitivity, specificity, and ROC curves. Unadjusted odds ratios were utilized for the estimation of weights for each questionnaire item. Results: The Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire was 0.708. The kappa statistic for test-retest reliability was good to generally fair in most of the items. When newly proposed weighting scores were used, the optimum cut-off value was 7/8. When cut-off value was 5/6 for surveying prevalence in a community, the sensitivity was 0.98, and the specificity was 0.61, with simultaneous improvement in reliability. Conclusions: We recommend 5/6 as the ideal cut-off value for the survey of PD prevalence in community. This questionnaire designed for the Korean community could help future epidemiologic studies of PD.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2020

Objective: To develop a standardized instrument to measure the level of cognition for orthodontic treatment in adults, and verify its reliability and validity for assessing perceptions of orthodontic treatment in adults. Methods: A total of 406 adults aged 19-64 years were surveyed by an internet research system. A tool was developed through the instrument development and verification stages. The data were analyzed by correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach's α test. Results: The instrument consisted of 11 items covering four factors related to orthodontic treatment. Three items were related to general perception, four described the perception of the treatment for adults, two related to the treatment effects, and two related to the retention of orthodontic treatment. In the reliability test, Cronbach's α was 0.845 for the 11 items. In assessments for individual components, Cronbach's α was 0.764 for the general perception of orthodontic treatment, 0.705 for the perception of this treatment for adults, 0.707 for the effects of the treatment, and 0.701 for the retention of orthodontic treatment. Finally, a measurement instrument for the perception of orthodontic treatment in adults was designed to assess the 11 items on a four-point Likert scale. Conclusions: This study developed a standard measurement instrument for assessing the perception of orthodontic treatment in adults. The proposed instrument will enable additional studies on the influence of an adult's perception of orthodontic treatment on the decision to undergo treatment.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.401-411
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 빈곤과 우울증상의 관계와 함께 빈곤과 비공식 사회관계(informal social relationship)가 우울증상에 대해 상호작용 효과가 있는지 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 사용한 자료는 2014년에 춘천 지역 65세 이상 노인을 대상으로 한 조사로 표본은 2,034명이며 분석에 포함된 사례는 무응답인 표본을 제외한 1,934명이다. 본 연구의 종속변수인 우울증상은 CES-D 단축형(Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale)을 활용해 측정하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 빈곤 상태인 노인은 비빈곤 상태인 노인에 비해 우울증상 점수가 높은 것으로 나타나 빈곤이 우울증상에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 자녀와의 접촉수준, 친구와의 지원교환 수준만이 우울증상을 감소시키는데 기여하는 것으로 나타나 모든 비공식 사회관계가 우울증상 감소에 기여하는 것은 아니라는 점도 확인하였다. 셋째, 4개의 비공식 사회관계 변수 중 자녀와의 접촉수준만 유일하게 빈곤과 상호작용 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to assess the demands and satisfactions of silver welfare professionals for elderly individuals residing in the Northern Gyeonggi-do area. To this end, a survey was conducted to investigate elderly individuals and employees related with them in terms of their recognition, interest, and involvement in a labor training program. The sources of health information the subjects received included mass media(50%) and health professionals(41%), and they tended to trust the information they received from health professionals(64%) and the mass media(26%). In the case of health professionals working at silver care facilities, the sources of health information to which they had access were: mass media (51%), health professionals(20%), internet(14%), reliable health professionals(56%), mass media(22%), and books related to health(18%). Elderly subjects' reasons for satisfaction with the facilities were as follows: access to meals(32%), elderly communities(24%), and good facilities(22%), whereas the reason subjects reported dissatisfaction with social difficulties(68%), bad facilities(20%), and programs(12%). The degrees of satisfaction of the respondents with the facility's employees were reported as follows: life manager(28%), nurse(16%), and social worker(15%), whereas the subjects reported some degree of dissatisfaction with: nurses(29%), care helpers(17%), and facilities officers(13%). The priorities of the elderly welfare-related information were: disease and health(49%), daily life support(17%), nursing(11%), welfare facilities(8%), and the principal issues they reported as being relevant to elderly individuals were: palsy(16%), arthritis(14%), diabetes (12%), hypertension(10%), dementia(6%). They reported that the most important personnel for elderly in the future would be care managers(44%) and care helpers(21%). Via this developmental program of silver health care professionals, a variety of new job opportunities may be provided in the future, and a program related to the silver service industry must be established as soon as possible.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.248-252
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of the present work is evaluating the special effects of Urtica Dioica and Lamium Album on the serum level of K-Ras and GSK-3 beta in diabetic rats. Methods: In the present experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 4 groups (Group I: normal control rats; receiving daily PBS, Group 2: diabetic control rats; receiving single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) and daily PBS, Group 3: Diabetic rats treated with 100 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of the U. dioica, Group 4: Diabetic rats treated with 100 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of L. Album. Diabetes-induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/ kg). On the 14 th day of treatment, the weight, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and on 28 th day blood glucose, K-Ras and GSK3 beta was measured. Results: In diabetic group blood GSK- 3 beta increase in comparison to control group (P < 0.05), also blood K-Ras decrease in the diabetic group (P < 0.05). Both extracts reduced GSK-3 beta level, however, this reduction was only statistically significant by U.dioica (P < 0.05). Compared to diabetic group, blood K-Ras level increased by both extract (P < 0.05). Also diabetes induction increase blood glucose levels and both extracts decrease its level significantly (P < 0.05).there is no significant differences among both extract effects on blood glucose, and K-Ras. Conclusion: For the first time shown that both extracts by regulating GSK-3 beta and K-Ras improve blood glucose level. More studies are needed to determine all the effects of these herbs.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.668-672
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• 2014

Background Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is believed to accelerate wound healing by altering wound microvascular blood flow. Although many studies using laser Doppler have found that NPWT increases perfusion, recent work using other modalities has demonstrated that perfusion is reduced. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of NPWT on tissue oxygenation of the foot, which is the most sensitive region of the body to ischemia. Methods Transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen ($TcpO_2$) was used to determine perfusion beneath NPWT dressings of 10 healthy feet. The sensor was placed on the tarso-metatarsal area of the foot and the NPWT dressing was placed above the sensor. $TcpO_2$ was measured until it reached a steady plateau state. The readings obtained at the suction-on period were compared with the initial baseline (pre-suction) readings. Results $TcpO_2$ decreased significantly immediately after applying NPWT, but gradually increased over time until reaching a steady plateau state. The decrease in $TcpO_2$ from baseline to the steady state was 2.9 to 13.9 mm Hg (mean, $9.3{\pm}3.6$ mm Hg; $13.5{\pm}5.8%$; P<0.01). All feet reached a plateau within 20 to 65 minutes after suction was applied. Conclusions NPWT significantly decrease tissue oxygenation of the foot by 2.9 to 13.9 mm Hg. NPWT should be used with caution on feet that do not have adequate tissue oxygenation for wound healing.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.312-318
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the evidence that therapeutic horseback riding can improve balance, muscle, ADL, equivalenc, GMFM, gait, emotion with developmental disabilities and neural patients. Methods: To conduct meta-analysis, the search focused on studies that employed therapeutic horseback riding for developmental disabilities and neural patients for which eight databases (KIS, RISS, DBpia, National Assembly Library, Pubmed, Embase, Google scholar and Cochrane Library) were used to extract literature published from 2002 to September 2019. The data were analyzed the RevMan 3.5.3 program. Results: As a result of meta-analysis, therapeutic horseback riding total effect size is 0.552 for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. And effect size result of according to assessment type variable first, balance effect size is 0.594. Second, muscle activities effect size is 0.425. Third, ADL effect size is 0.430. Fourth, equivalance effect size is 0.640. Fifth, GMFM effect size is 0.482. Sixth, gait effect size is 0.400 and seventh emotion effect size is 0.876. Conclusion: These findings is horseback riding is effective The effect size by outcome was observed to be the effective for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. and also the horseback riding provided the positive effects of balance, muscle activities, ADL, equivalance, GMFM, gait, emotion for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the development of effective treatments for children with developmental disabilities and neural patients therapeutic horseback riding and the development of study.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2014

Objectives: Despite the recent emphasis on a patient-centered chronic care model, few studies have investigated its use in older adults in South Korea. We explored how older Korean adults perceive and cope with their chronic illness. Methods: We conducted focus group interviews in Seoul, Korea in January 2010. Focus groups were formed by disease type (hypertension and type 2 diabetes) and gender using purposive sampling. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 60 and over who had been diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension and received care at a community health center for at least six months prior to participation. Interview data were analyzed through descriptive content analysis. Results: Among personal factors, most participants felt overwhelmed when they received their diagnosis. However, with time and control of their acute symptoms using medication, their worry diminished and participants tended to denying being identified as a patient or sick person. Among socio-familial factors, participants reported experiencing stigma with their chronic illness and feeling it was a symbol of weakness. Instead of modifying their lifestyles, which might interfere with their social relationships, they resorted to only following their medicine regime prescribed by their doctor. Participants also reported feeling that their doctor only prescribed medications and acted in an authoritative and threatening manner to induce and reinforce participants' compliance with treatment. Conclusions: For successful patient-centered management of chronic illnesses, supportive environments that include family, friends, and healthcare providers should be established.