• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.358-372
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe the way of life (such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exercise, duration of sleep, eating habits etc.), physical. psychological and overall health complaints and to identify the relationship between the way of life and health complaints of the nursing students. Data was collected with the self-administered OMI( Okayama Medical Index Health Questionnaire, devised Cornell Medical Index) from 766 nursing students and was analyzed. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and an ANOVA with an SPSS/PC+ program were used. The results were as follows: 1. The mean age of subjects was 21.0557(2.7618) years old in their 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year-classes of nursing departments and college students in 4 regions of Korea. 62.1% of subjects were of the proper body weight, 2.0% were overweight, and 28.3% were underweight. Most subjects did not have a past history of disease, but 1.8% of subjects had experienced a blood transfusion. 2. 28.3% of the subjects had averaged 7 hours of sleep, 98.5% were nonsmokers, 91.2% were nondrinkers, 74.7% of subjects had milk intake sometimes, 53.7% of the subjects had an average salt intake, 49.6% of the subjects usually had a green vegetable intake, 45.4% of the subjects sometimes had fatty food intake, 64.8% of the subjects had good taste, 29.5% of the subjects enjoyed physical exercise. 3. The highest percentages of 'yes' among physical. psychological and overall health complaints were observed in the question 'Do you have gastric pain?'(60.2%), 'Are you confused of disorderly?' (37.2%), 'Physical body was burdensome and fatigued.'(57.3%). 4. The total O.M.I. score ranged from 1 to 89 with an average of 22.91(SD=12.10). A statistically significant difference was observed for the physical. psychological complaints for alcohol consumption. and for the psychological complaints for salt and fatty food intake. These conclusions should provide grounds for future studies of strategies for health promoting lifestyle for nursing students and their health concerns. Further research is required to investigate the life environmental and psychological factors affecting the way of life for nursing students and their health status, to analyze the health behavior of nursing students related with their culture and consciousness. Also epidemiologic research methodology, such as prospective cohort study should be considered to explore the performing process of nursing student's health behavior related with the occurrence of diseases.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.413-426
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• 2000

The purposes of this study is to examine the degree of dysmenorrhea and self-management of dysmenorrhea in high school girls and to provide basic information for health education. This research is the contents of the characteristics and self-management of dysmenorrhea and thereby serve to provide some theoretical grounds for the health education of high school-girl students. The subjects of this study are the 376 girl students of a high school in Taegu. This study was conducted by collecting data from April 3rd to 7th, 2000. The instruments used for this study by the researcher of this study based on Choi, Myung-Ok's (1992) menstrurational symtom scale (8 items) and factors used to dysmenorrhea scale (5 items). Health locus of control is obtained from a review of references by the researcher, Sin Jae Sin (1985) translated Multidimensional health Locus of Control scale (18 items) were made by Wallston & Wallston (1976). The collected data was analysed by mean, percent, Chi-squre test, Fisher's Exact Test using the SPSS (v 6.12) and SAS program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The characteristics of dysmenorrhea were low abdominal pain, fatigue, back pain, headache, muscle pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. 2. The degree of dysmenorrhea was shown 'a few of discomfort experiment': 73%, late, leaving early and absent for school : 4.0%. 3. By means locus of control, internal health locus of control was shown 79.5% and external health locus of control was shown 20.5%. 4. The self-management of dysmenorrhea was shown 'massaging on the abdomen and bed rest' is 31.9%, 'tolerance' is 53.5%. 5. When the characteristics of dysmenorrhea was compared with demographics, low abdominal pain was significant of the number of siblings (p<.05), the family history (mother's dysmenorrhea)(p<.01) and back pain was significant of the age, family history, low abdominal pain (p<.05, p<.01, p<.01). 6. There was no significant of the locus of control. When the self-management of dysmenorrhea was compared with demographics, the age was significant (p<.05).

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.234-249
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• 1995

Essential hypertension, one of the leading primary cause of death in Korea, is a typical chronic disease requiring adequate and continuous management. Though these hypertensives need to maintain desirable health practice by themselves for their life time, many previous studies indicated that most of the essential hypertensives have no specific symptoms and thus, reluctant to follow appropriate medical regimens causing the condition further aggravated and complicated. Thus the comprehensive self-regulation program was conducted as a nursing intervention on the promotion self-care 'performance and improvement in physical parameters of hypertensives. For this purpose, a one group quasi -experimental research with pre and post test design was used. And the whole program was carried out from October, 1993 to February, 1994. Self-regulation program was consisted with group education on hypertension and self-care, self-regulation including the blood pressure self-monitoring and recording, recording of daily self-care activities, and encouraging and reinforcing self-efficacy through verbal persuation and enactive attainment. The subjects were asked to measure their own blood pressure by themselves twice per day and to record blood pressure and the daily self-care performance according to the instructions provided during the whole period of 9 weeks. The data was analyzed by experimental stages: the first week, the fifth week, and the ninth week since the experimental imput began. Data were analyzed by the SPSS PC+ program with paired t -test and F-test, and multiple correlation to determine the variables affecting the effect of program. The results were as follows : 1) Subjects in J company were significantly lower diastolic blood pressure than K company after the program (t=2.39, p=.024). Level of cholesterol was significant difference according to position(t=2.23, p=.034), family history (t=-2.66, p=.013), diagnosis duration, and career(t=2.88, p=.055). Perceived self-efficacy was more significantly increased among the group with family history(t=-3.00, p=.013). 2) Before the program, there were significant positive correlation among the variables: internal-LOC and self-efficacy(r=.3952, p=.015), external-LOC and barriers (r=.6515, p=.000), chance-LOC and Barriers(r=.4133, p=.012). However there were significant negative correlation between internal-LOC and barriers (r=-.3236, p=.041, external-LOC and self -efficacy(r=-.3517, p=.028), self-efficacy and barriers(r=-.6654, p=.000). 3) There were significant relationships between changes in self - care performance and self-efficacy at 5th week (r=.5313, p=.001) and changes in self-efficacy at 9th week(r=.4586, p=.005). 4) After the program, internal health locus of control and perceived benefits showed significant correlation(r=.5673, p=.001, but perceived barriers was negative correlation with perceived self-efficacy (t=-4242, p=.01). From the above results, it can be concluded that the self-regulation program is an effective nursing strategy through the change of variables to promote self-care performance of hypertensives and to increase the self-efficacy. Thus this program can be recommended in the management of the hypertensives in workplaces and community settings.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.624-633
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the sexual behavior, health risk related to reproductive health, and characteristics of sexual experience among college students in Korea. Methods: Six thousands college students were selected through proportional quota sampling based on region, college, and gender. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to describe the data. Results: Thirty eight percent (N=2,285) of the participants reported sexual intercourse. The mean age of first time sexual intercourse was 19.3 years old. Respondents reported the following health risks such as smoking, drinking, not exercising, no regular meal patterns, chronic disease status, and weight loss over 10 kg in the past three months showed significant differences by sexual intercourse experience (p<.01). Among those who had sexual intercourse experiences, 7.1% of them reported having a history of STDs and 11.6% reported a pregnancy or pregnancy of one's partner. Conclusion: The findings of this study reflect the current trends of sex behaviors among college students and correlations between health risks related to reproductive health and sexual intercourse experiences. Developing reproductive health education programs based on the findings and providing the programs to college students through a school nurse is suggested.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.365-374
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• 2013

This study was performed to find out the knowledge and attitude of smoking, and smoking cessation recommendation among nursing students. The data were collected from 529 nursing students being at three colleges in Gwangju city through structured questionnaire from 1 to 30 October 2012. In results, the smoking cessation recommendation showed statistically significant differences in grading, residence, subjective health perception, recognition about smoking, present smoking, assessment experience of smoking history, experience of smoking cessation recommendations, and participation intention of smoking cessation intervention education. The smoking cessation recommendation had correlated with smoking knowledge and smoking attitude. In multiple regression analysis, the participation intention of smoking cessation intervention education, the attitude and knowledge of smoking, and experience of smoking cessation recommendation were significant factors of the smoking cessation recommendation explaining 15.5% of the variables. To enhance recommendations of smoking cessation for patients, there are necessary to enforce smoking cessation intervention program for nursing students and increase the experience of smoking cessation intervention recommendation of nursing students in clinical practice.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.3973-3982
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify cognitive impairment and it's related factors of the elderly in long term care facilities. The participants of this study were 229 residents of five nursing homes. Data were analyzed using two sample t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, and logistic regression. The results revealed eight factors related to cognitive impairment: gender(OR=2.41, p=.035), age(75-84: OR=3.26, p=.002, Over 85: OR=4.46, p<.001), living with family before admission(OR=2.17, p=.015), hearing(OR=8.88, p=.004), family history of dementia(OR=4.39, p=.009), ADL(OR=0.82, p<.001), hypertension(OR=4.07, p<.001), and diabetes(OR=3.42, p=.001). Based on the findings of this study, continuous nursing intervention focused on adjustable factors would be helpful in order to improve nursing home elderly people's quality of life.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.99-115
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose for this study was to identify the present state of Clinical Nurses with Expanded Role (CNERs) and provide basic data to refine the roles of CNERs. In this study, CNREs refers to nurses who perform techniques traditionally done by doctors and use titles such as clinical nursing specialist, educator with consultation, research assistant, coordinator, physician assistant and special examiner. Method: This study was conducted from September 1 to November 12, 2007. Data from 684 nurses from 38 hospitals who responded to the questionnaire were analyzed with descriptive statistics using the SPSS 14.0 program. Results: The mean percentage of time spent was, for direct practice, 41.1%, for education and counseling, 22.8%, for consultation and coordination, 10.4%, for research, 6.8%, for administration, 8.9% and for other activities, 10.0%. The most frequently implemented CNERs, activities included consultation and education for patients and their families, counseling by telephone, history taking, physical examination, reading examination results, psychosocial assessment, managing treatment, input of prescriptions, and writing up patient records, Although not frequently performed, nurses in some fields carried out invasive procedures and prescribed medication and laboratory tests. Conclusion: Although the number of hospital CNERs are rapidly increasing, there is still confusion about the title and framework as well as standards. Furthermore, because some nurses are prescribing medication and laboratory tests as well as performing techniques not traditionally done by nurses, there is an absolute need for a legalized system and systematic education system for the safety of patients who are being cared by all CNERs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.484-492
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• 2011

Purpose: The aims of study were; (1) to evaluate the validity and sensitivity of a fall-risk assessment tool, and (2) to establish continuous quality improvement (CQI) methods to monitor the effective use of the risk assessment tool. Methods: A retrospective case-control cohort design was used. Analysis was conducted for 90 admissions as cases and 3,716 as controls during the 2006 and 2007 calendar years was conducted. Fallers were identified from the hospital’s Accident Reporting System, and non-fallers were selected by randomized selection. Accuracy estimates, sensitivity analysis and logistic regression were used. Results: At the lower cutoff score of one, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 82.2%, 19.3%, 0.03%, and 96.9%, respectively. The area under the ROC was 0.60 implying poor prediction. Logistic regression analysis showed that five out of nine constitutional items; age, history of falls, gait problems, and confusion were significantly associated with falls. Based on these results, we suggested a tailored falls CQI process with specific indexes. Conclusion: The fall-risk assessment tool was found to need considerable reviews for its validity and usage problems in practice. It is also necessary to develop protocols for use and identify strategies that reflect changes in patient conditions during hospital stay.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2012

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the impact of advanced maternal and paternal age on perinatal outcome in Korea. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 1,622 Korean women who delivered at M Woman Hospital from January to December 2010 and their spouses were included. We obtained obstetrics database which included demographic characteristics, medical and obstetrics history, course of the current pregnancy and advised perinatal outcome. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounding variables. Results: Women giving birth age 35 or older were statistically significant in paternal age, gravidity, spontaneous abortion experience, method of conception, method of delivery, and multiple gestation compared to women aged <34 years. After adjusting for the confounding effects of maternal characteristics, women aged 35 or older were at increased risk for cesarean section delivery (adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.22-2.13) and preterm birth (adjusted OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.03-4.63). Conclusion: In this population of Korean women, advance maternal and paternal age is independently associated with specific adverse perinatal outcome, especially preterm birth and cesarean section delivery.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5377-5383
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• 2015

Background: Participation is one of the major factors affecting the long-term success of population-based prostate cancer screening programs. The aim of this study was to explore strong factors linked to participation in prostate cancer screening among older Jordanian adults using the Health Belief Model (HBM). Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from Jordanian older adults, aged 40 years and over, who visited a comprehensive health care center within the Ministry of Health. A pilot test was conducted to investigate the internal consistency of the the Champion Health Belief Model Scale for prostate cancer screening and the clarity of survey questions. Sample characteristics and rates of participation in prostate cancer screening were examined using means and frequencies. Important factors associated with participation in prostate cancer screening were examined using bivariate correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: About 13% of the respondents had adhered to prostate cancer screening guidelines over the previous decade. Four out of the seven HBM-driven factors (perceived susceptibility, benefits and barriers to PSA test, and health motivation) were statistically significant. Those with greater levels of susceptibility, benefits of PSA test and health motivation and lower levels of barriers to PSA testing were more likely to participate in prostate cancer screening. Family history, presence of urinary symptoms, age, and knowledge about prostate cancer significantly predicted the participation in prostate cancer screening. Conclusions: Health professionals should focus more on the four modifiable HBMrelated factors to encourage older adults to participate in prostate cancer screening. Intervention programs, which lower perceived barriers to PSA testing and increase susceptibility, benefits of PSA testing and health motivation, should be developed and implemented.