• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.32-45
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• 1992

An important role of community health nurses in health centers is to solve community health problems found through data collection methodology which has been used to identify the health needs of the community, diagnose the health problems and to plan health programs suitable for the health problems. Also community health nurses must be prepared to know the community health needs and to participate in the planning process. Since 1956 when the health center law was established, community health nurses have really implemented only the services which the government has asked them to do. This has kept them busy enough. But these days as society is in rapid change, community health nurses should have the flexibility to deal with the social change and demands that are unique to their community each which has different health needs and demands. So community health nurses need to identify what community health problems exist in their particular communities. The purposes of this study were as follows. 1) To explore the suitability of the health programs which the government has asked the community health nurses to do for their own communities and if these programs are not suitable, to explore the reasons why. 2) To explore the degree to which the community health nurses have the ability to identify health problems in their own communities and activate the community diagnostic process. 3) To identify the degree that the community health nurses have the ability to implement plans related to community diagnosis. 4) To find out how much data related to community health problems, the community health nurses have and how they are utilizing it. 5) To measure the community health nurses self-confidence concerning diagnostic activities for community health. The study subjects were 454 Community Health Nurses working in Health Centers in Seoul, Korea. The period of data collection was 6 days(Nov. 9th 1991-Nov. 15th 1991). A questionnaire used for data collection was composed of three different items; general characteristics, community health diagnostic activities and self-confidence in performing diagnostic activities. The results of the study are as follows. First, over one third of the respondents replied that the government required activities for their communities are not appropriate. Of these activities the most frequent reply $(51.2\%)$ indicated that many of the activities in the community were inappropriate to the actual situation. Further, $25\%$ of the replies indicated that many activities were only administratively oriented and as such not appropriate. Second, $49.8\%$ of the respondents replied that they had done general assessments and had a general idea of the health problems of their community. Effective solutions to health problems could be found with an increase in health personnel and management ability according to $41.5\%$ of the respondents. Third, to the question as to whether they had ever independently implemented a plan towards solving community diagnosed problems, $52\%$ of nurses replied 'never', $40\%$ 'occasionally' but only $7.5\%$ replied that they did it frequently. Actually there was very little done even in the basic work of collecting the necessary data. Fourth, when asked how much of basic information they had collected that might be used in community diagnosis activity, of 26 items in 5 areas, there was hardly one for which complete data had been collected. Fifteen percent did have data on the geographical aspects of their area, housing distribution and types of housing, while $17.8\%$ knew the frequency with which the health center was used. Concerning community resources, even with a list of community resources, only $12.3\%$ had data on any of these resources, and this data was incomplete. Further, information about social work institutions, and facilities was also incomplete, only $14.2\%$ of the respondents had any data and even it was incomplete; that is, in general, the nurses did not have this information. Fifth, concerning the confidence of the community health nurse in their ability to carry out community diagnoses activities, $60\%$ replied that they were very or at least nominally confident, indicating that although they were not doing community diagnostic activities they felt they could do so, as they were carrying out home visits and program planning as part of their official duties. The following recommendations are made based on the results of this study. First; since the community health nurses have a high perception of the need for community diagnostic activities and. high confidence in their ability to carry out this activity and high percentage of respondents replied that with a little training they could do this even better it is recommended that community diagnostic activity training be included in the continuing education program for community health nurses. Second, in order for the Community Health Nurses to successfully solve the health problems of their respective community they reported to a need to increase the number of health personnel, improve the facilities and the system of managing their work. Considering this, it is recommended that ways be sought to remedy these deficits.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.26-44
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• 1999

The study was done to improve the job training course for Community Health Practioners (CHPs) by evaluating the level of help that the training provided to the CHPs in carrying out their work and to analyze the management activities of the CHPs in order to develop a more effective CHP training program. The methodologies used in the study were a questionnaire survey. The survey results were analyzed using SPSS Windows. The study results are as follows. 1. The total average level of help from the job training(Theory. Practice and Field Practice) for carrying out the CHP work was found to be $3.04\pm.53$ (of a possible 4), which indicates a high level of help. The average for clinical practices was $3.16\pm.60$. for theory. $3.11\pm.40$ and for field practice. $2.84\pm.60$. 2. For the theory content of the job training courses. the help level was low in the area of mother and child health management/family planning with an average of $2.65\pm.62$ and in the area of health information system development with an average of $2.62\pm.83$. The reason for these deficiencies were. in order of frequency. few opportunities to apply learning. training content that was inadequate. training methodologies which were incongruent with content. improper training items and insufficient class hours. For the practice. the clinical work in rehabilitation/orthopedics departments and in ENT/Opthalmology departments had averages of $2.96\pm.86$ and $2.97\pm.80$ respectively. This low level resulted from the lack of direct experience. lack of sincerity during the practice time. lack of practice guidance. insufficient time and lack of practice equipment. in that order. For the field practice. the delivery management averaged $2.06\pm.90$ as the lowest help level. In this case 68% of respondents replied that there were no relevant reasons for this deficiency. 21% responsed that there was a lack of direct experience, 7%, a lack of practice guidance and 4.8%, insufficient time. 3. There were significant differences for several demographic variables when comparing the help level of the clinical courses (practice and Field Practice). A higher help level was reported by older nurses as compared to younger ones, experienced nurses as compared to scholarship nurses, and married over single. Also for nurses who had finished more other programs and were qualified or licensed in several areas the level was high. Although it was not statistically significant the level was higher if the work area was in a rural county, not a city, and if one had more recently completed the job training(P<,05). 4. Of the respondents 58.6% replies stated the period of job training for the CHP was adequate, but 51.7% reported that the period for theory courses was too short while an other 48.3% responded that it was sufficient. For practice locations, 50% responsed that it was good to practice in medical institutions(primary, secondary and tertiary) at the same time. While 48.3% agreed that doing theory and practice simultaneously was good, and 56.9% agreed that field practice should be done after completing theory and practice training. Hence, the development of new field practice guidelines suitable for changing environments of health management are required in place of the existing ones which were considered low in help level to the practical work of the CHPs.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.271-284
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• 2016

본 연구는 임부의 산전우울에 대한 인지행동치료 중재의 효과를 검증하기 위해 수행된 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석 연구이다. 데이터베이스는 CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE 및 Koreamed, 국회도서관, 한국학술정보(Korean studies Information Service System, KISS), 한국의학논문데이터베이스 등 국내외 domain을 활용하였다. 검색은 ((Perinatal OR Antenatal OR Antepartum OR Pregnant) AND Depression) AND Women AND (CBT OR (Cognitive behavioral AND (Therapy OR Treatment)))와 '산전우울', '임부', '인지행동치료' 등의 검색어로 2016년 5월까지 출판된 문헌을 검토하였다. 분석은 R을 이용한 임의효과모형을 적용하여 산전우울과 불안의 효과크기를 각각 산출하였으며, 효과크기의 이질성을 검증하기위해 메타 ANOVA를 활용하여 조절효과분석을 실시하였다. 그리고 funnel plot, Egger's regression test, fail-safe N, trim-and-fill 분석을 활용한 출간오류분석과 민감성 분석을 실시하여 전체 연구 결과의 타당성을 검증하였다. 연구결과 총 180편의 문헌이 검색되었으며, 선택배제기준에 따라 최종적으로는 clinical trials 16편을 분석하였다. 분석에 포함된 개별문헌은 Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN)의 checklist를 통해 비뚤림 위험을 평가하였으며, 대체로 비뚤림 위험은 낮았다. 연구결과 본 연구에서 중재의 산전우울에 대한 효과크기는 Hedges' g=-0.55(95% CI: -0.76~-0.33)로 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았으며, 불안에 대한 효과크기는 Hedges' g=-0.20(95% CI: -0.48~-0.08)이었으나, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 문헌의 이질성, 출판오류의 위험성 등은 낮았다. 본 메타분석결과에 의하면 인지행동치료는 임신부의 산전우울 증세 완화에 보통 정도의 효과가 있음이 밝혀졌다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.313-328
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• 2006

This study was objectively performed to identify dietitians' job in the elderly health-care facilities, to assess facilities and dietitian's demographic characteristics, and to determine performance and importance of dietitian's job including the demand of therapeutic diet development. Survey was conducted by mail and samples were the dietitians working in 376 facilities which capacity is over 50 members from nationwide 583 the elderly health-care facilities. Returned questionnaire was 102 and used for statistic analysis. The distributions of the elderly health-care facilities showed 39 the elderly nursing facilities(38.2%), 32 skilled nursing facilities (32.4%), 13 geriatrics hospital facilities(12.7%) and 9 the elderly cost nursing facilities(8.8%). 60.0 percent of the samples showed its menu price as 1,000 to 1,500 won. A cycle-menu program was in-use at the 79.0% facilities, but only 7.1% facilities have been introduced a selected menu system. 92.9% facilities employed only one dietitian. In the demographic characteristics of dietitian only 14.7% dietitian had a clinical dietitian license and 51.5% of respondents answered at least 1 to 3 months internship program is needed. Job activities of the dietitian in the elderly health-care foodservice were identified as 45 activities with 9 dimensions. Job performance score evaluated dietitian oneself was 4.71 of 7 points. The average importance score that the dietitian evaluated their own job was 5.66 points of 7. The job activities shown higher importance but lower performance were therapeutic diet development for in-patients, menu development suitable for taste of the elderly, and leadership. Job performance score by characteristics of dietitian and their elderly health-care facilities was significantly associated with experience of dietitian in elderly health-care (F=4.480, p<0.05), education of dietitian(F=2.659, p<0.01), number of dietitian(F=2.245, p<0.05), and number of employee in foodservice(F=2.607, p<0.05). Most common diseases of the aged was proved as hypertension(81.7%), diabetes mellitus(71.4%), and dementia(65.0%). The therapeutic diets frequently provided were diabetes mellitus diet, dysphagia diet, low sodium diet, high fiber diet, and high protein diet, in order. For those reasons, dietitian in the elderly health care emphasized that the information about therapeutic diet development such as diabetes mellitus diet, dysphagia diet, low sodium diet and hypertension diet must be continuously developed and provided. The result from this study can be applicable to enlarge and enrich job activities of dietitian in elderly health-care foodservice.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.435-448
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• 2002

Accidents are important causes of death and disability in children. They also have enormous financial implications. Young children become an victim of accidents easily because of their physical fragileness and their coping behavior being vulnerable to any actions taken by accidents. Once they have a accident, the children whose not fully developed, suffer from devastating long-term after-effects. Lee, Lee, Kang and Han(1995) reported that ninety percent of accidents can be prevented. But there is no national system to manage, evaluate and analyse the information about child accidents, even though it is necessary for accident prevention policies and health promotion of the general public. The purpose of the study was to determine how often children have accidents and define the accident prevention strategies in children. The investigator conducted a descriptive study by performing the surveys, interviews, and workshops for the 2,458 young children, 10 teachers, and 1,494 parents. The data collection for the study began on September 2000 and completed on April 20, 2001. The analysis of the data was done with Window SPSS 10.0 for descriptive statistics. Among those children, 1,298 children(52.8％) injured from accidents. The children who had accident answered that they injured from traffic accident(27.3％), inside the home(26.3％), on the playground(17.0％), during playtime(13.6％), in the school(5.9％) and food poisoning(7.1％). To define accident prevention strategies for the school children, the parents and the teachers who had a special interest in this topic formed a special task force under the guidance of the investigator. The team was charged to prepare the basis of content materials by identifying the problems, setting standards for the program, prioritizing the process, and selecting the methods of implementation and evaluation. Eight issues and concerns identified by the team were: 1)allowing young children to learn undesirable habits and behaviors that would bother others without knowing; 2) not guarding young children from car accident; 3)unattended accident at playground; 4) considering home places safe; 5)unattended accident at school. These issues were found to be coinciding with the actual child accident cases occurred recent years in Korea. Greater efforts are required to reduce unnecessary deaths and disability from childhood accidents. This study gave a very useful and important data to prepare accident prevention educational program and to prepare accident prevention strategies.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.407-421
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 노인요양시설의 요양보호사를 대상으로 요로감염 예방행위와 관련된 지식과 실천 정도를 조사하여 간호사가 요양보호사에게 요로감염 예방행위의 중요성을 인지시키고 지도, 교육하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상은 J도에 소재한 7개의 노인요양시설에서 근무하는 요양보호사 198명이였다. 자료분석을 위해 t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffes test로 분석을 실시하였다. 요로감염 예방행위에 대한 지식의 정답률은 79%였으며, 대상자의 일반적 및 직무관련 특성에 따른 요로감염 예방행위에 대한 실천은 근무하는 간호사의 수, 담당 노인의 수, 근무시간, 교육의 중요성과 필요성을 인지한 군, 교육을 받은 경험에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 요양보호사를 위한 체계적인 교육을 통한 지식함양 요구의 기초교육뿐 아니라 의료인에 의한 관리 감독 하에 지속적인 요로감염 예방행위의 실천은 노인요양시설의 기본 감염관리 체계를 완성하고 서비스의 질을 향상 시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.851-865
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• 2009

본 연구는 여대생의 노인부양의식, 노인에 대한 지식 및 태도, 부양의식관련 특성을 파악하고 이들 간의 관계를 확인하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구는 서울소재 한 여자대학교 교양수업시간에 노인부양의식과 노인에 대한 지식 및 태도에 대한 설문지를 이용하여 실시하였다. 연구결과 97.7%의 여대생이 결혼 후 직업 갖기를 희망하였고, 52.8%는 시부모와 별거를 희망하였으며, 48.5%는 부모부양 시 '형편에 따라 책임진다'고 하였고, 91.8%는 노인부양의 주된 책임을 가정이 지되, 국가가 지원하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각하는 것으로 확인되었다. 여대생의 노인부양의식은 평균 115.50점으로 파악되었고, 노인에 대한 지식점수는 평균 10.21점, 정답률 40.9%로 나타났으며, 노인에 대한 태도는 평균 84.19점이었다. 여대생의 노인부양의식은 종교, 한 달 용돈, 제사지내기의 여부, 장래 부모부양, 장래 시부모동거, 이상적인 부양형태에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었고, 부-조모 관계, 모-조부관계, 모-조모관계, 모-외조부관계가 좋은 경우 그렇지 않은 경우보다 노인 부양의식이 높았다. 또한 여대생의 노인에 대한 지식이 많고 태도가 긍정적일수록 노인부양의식수준이 높았다. 따라서 여대생은 노인부양과 관련하여 전통적인 가정의 역할을 중시하면서 경제적 활동에 참여하길 원하여 갈등의 상황에 직면할 수 있고, 이들의 부양의식에는 부모와 조모 간의 관계가 좋은 경우, 노인에 대한 많은 지식과 긍정적 태도가 관련됨을 알 수 있었다. 가정과 국가, 세대 간 갈등이 우려되는 상황 속에서 여성의 역할이 중요하므로 본 연구를 바탕으로 여대생뿐 아니라 전체 여성을 대상으로 하는 지속적인 연구와 관찰, 인식전환, 교육 및 사회통합을 위한 관리프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2017

우리 사회는 산업 전반에 걸쳐 빠른 성장을 보이고 있으나 핵가족화와 고령화 시대에 접어들고 있어 노인에 대한 요양 서비스와 같은 사회복지 서비스의 수용가 급격하게 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 그러나 노인과 관련된 요양시설에 종사하고 있는 사회복지사들의 직무가 명확하지 않아 직무 스트레스가 발생되고 있으며, 직무 만족도가 현저하게 낮아지고 있는 상황이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 노인요양시설의 사회복지사 직무와 관련하여 복지 서비스를 실천함에 있어 보다 좋은 환경 및 표준화된 절차에 의하여 서비스에 집중할 수 있도록 직무와 융합한 지식 기반의 관리시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템을 통하여 사회복지사들이 자기 개발 및 정보 공유를 통하여 신속한 업무 파악과 직무 스트레스에서의 탈피에 의한 업무 만족도를 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2014

Background: As elderly population has been increasing, pharmacists need to possess special knowledge and skills to provide enhanced pharmaceutical care for senior patients. Purpose: This study aims to systematically review on (1) the certified geriatric pharmacists (CGP) system, (2) the curriculum related to geriatric pharmacy education, and (3) the CGP's performance in terms of clinical, economic and humanistic outcomes in the U.S. Method: The information related to CGP system and curriculum was obtained through the official websites of 'American Society of Consultant Pharmacists', 'Commission for Certification in Geriatric Pharmacy' and the selected pharmacy school samples. Articles about on the outcomes of pharmacist-provided cognitive services including Medication Therapy Management were searched through PubMed. Results: To gain the CGP credential, pharmacists need 2-year experience as pharmacist in advance and take the CGP examination. This certification must be renewed every 5 year. Most pharmacy schools provide geriatric-related curriculum through didactic or pharmacy practice classes for pharmacy students and certificate or dual degree in gerontology are given on completion. Most previous outcomes research reported that pharmacists have played a role in yielding favorable results regarding clinical, economic and humanistic outcomes for nursing facilities, hospitals and community pharmacy settings. Conclusion: Considering the organized CGP certification system and concrete educational courses established the basis for pharmacists to exert their ability for senior patients of the U.S., it is suggested to build a geriatric pharmacist credential model for pharmacists to provide the increasing elderly patients with the requisite safe and effective pharmacy care in Korea.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3561-3564
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• 2013

Background: The negative effects of gynecologic cancer on women's health is multidimensional. Sexual problems arising after chemotherapy are decreased interest and vaginal lubrication, lack of orgasm and dyspareunia and sense of reduction in sexual attractiveness in general. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes that patients who receive chemotherapy for a gynecologic oncology disorder experience in their sexual functions. Materials and Methods: A descriptive/cross-sectional and qualitative study was performed. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used in order to collect data on sexual capacity. The quantitative data obtained were evaluated with frequency and percentage calculations while content analysis was performed for the qualitative data. Results: All of the information related to sexuality was provided by the physician. Chemotherapy treatment affected sexuality negatively in 55.9%. Since receiving the diagnosis, 52.9% of women had experienced no sexual intercourse at all. Those who had an FSFI score of 30 and below made up 75% of the women. After the content analysis of data obtained during in in-depth interviewing, we focused on three main themes: desire for sexual intercourse, problems experienced during sexual intercourse, and coping with problems. Conclusions: An integrated system where sexual problems can be handled professionally should be present during gynecological cancer treatment.