• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.162-188
• /
• 1988

The purpose of this study is to guide the direction of the Korean nursing education to analysize ⑴ the philosophy and objectives ⑵ curriculum, and ⑶ educational environment. This analysis is based on the data from 50 nursing schools (14 4-year colleges and 35 3-year colleges) The survey was conducted from Dec. 1986 through Jan. 1987 by mail. 1) Educational philosophy and objectives 10 4-year colleges and 8 3-year college program have curricular philosoph. Most popular curricular philosophies are human beings, health, nursing, nursology, nursing education, nurses role in the present and in the future. 10 nursing schools mentioned that human being is the subject to interact with : environment physically, mentally and socially. 2 schools mentioned that health is the state of functioning well physically, mentally and socially. 13 schools mentioned that the nursing is the dynamic act to maintain and to promote the highest possible level of health. 4 schools mentioned that the nursology is an applied science. 4 schools mentioned that nursing education is the process to induce the behavioural changes based on the individual ability. There is different opinion about the nurses' role between 4-year college and 3-year college. In the responses from 4-year colleges they focus on the leadership in effective changes, self-regulating and self-determining responsibilities, applying the new technology, continuing education, and participation in research to further nursing knowledge. In the responses from 3-year colleges, they focus on the education in college, primary health care nursing, direct care provider and public health education. Among 50 respondents 40 schools have educational goals which can be divided into two categories. One is to establish the moral and the other is to develop the professionalism. 2) Curriculm The analsis of curriculum is only based on the data from the 4-year colleges because the most of 3-year colleges follow the curriculum guideline set by the Ministry of Education. a) Comparison of the credits in cultural subject and in nursing major. The average required credit for graduation is 154.6 and the median credit is the range of 140-149. The average credit of cultural subjects is 43.4. In detail, the average number of credit of required course and elective courses are 24.1 and 19.3 respectively. The average credit for major subject is 111.2. In detail, the average credit for required courses and electives course are 100.9 and 10.4 respectively. In 5 colleges, students are offered even on elective course b) Comparison of the credit by class. The average earned credits are as follows : 41.1 in freshman, 400 in sophormore 38.3 in junior and 32.4 in senior. Cultural subjects are studied in early phases. c) Comparison of the compulsory and elective cultural subject by institute. The range of credit is 7-43 in compulsory cultural subjects and there are lot of differences among institutions. While all respondents require liberal arts as compulsary subjects, few respondents lists social science, natural science and behavioral science as required subjects. Social science-related subjects are frequently chosen as cultural subjects d) Distribution of creditsin cultural subjects by institute. The liberal art subjects are taught in 20 institute. English and physical education courses are taught in all instituions. The social science subjects are taught in 15 colleges and the basic Psycology and the Basic sociology are the most popular subjects. The natural science subjects are taught in 7 colleges and Biology and Chemistry are the most popular subjects among them. e) Distribution of credits in major basic courses by institute. Most of the institutes select Anatomy, Microbiology, Physiology, biochemistry and Pathology as basic major courses. f) Comparison of the required and elective courses for nursing major by institutions. Subjects and credit ranges in major are varing by institute. More than half of the respondents select the following subjects as required major subjects. (1) Adults Health Nursing and Practice (19.5 credits) (2) Mother and Child Care and Practice (8.9 credits) (3) Community Health Care and Practice (8.5 credits) (4) Psychiatric Nursing Care and Practice (8.1 credits) (5) Nursing Management and Practice (3.9 credits) (6) Fundamental of Nursing, Nursing Research and Health Assessment and Practice. Three institutions select Introduction to nursing, Rehabilitation Nursing, School Nursing, Public Health Nursing, Nursing English, Communication, Human Development as electives in nursing major. 3) Educational environment a) Nursing institution There are forty-three 3-year colleges and seventeen 4-year colleges and 81.4% of which are private b) Number of students and faculty 19.2% of the students are in 4-year colleges and 80.8% of the students are in 3-year colleges. In 4-year colleges, the number of nursing faculty members is in the other of assistant professor, instructor and professor. In 3-year colleges, the orderiis lecturer, associate professor, full time instructor and assistant professor. In 4-year colleges, 18.8 students are allocated per nursing faculty and in 3-year colleges, 33.1 students are allocated per nursing faculty. c) Clinical practices 66.7% of the 4-year colleges practice over 1201 hours in clinic and 28.5% of 3-year colleges practice over 1201 hours in clinic. In 4-year colleges, 11.5 students are allocated per nursing faculty and in 3-year colleges,17 students are allocated per nursing faculty The survey shows no difference in the procedure between 4-year colleges and 3-year colleges but 3-year colleges choose the more variety practicing site such as special hospital and community health clinic. d) Audiovisual facilities The survey shows a lot of difference in audiovisual facilities among institution and 3-year colleges are less equipped than 4-year colleges.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.273-284
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The study was done to identify the effects of OSCE program prior to clinical practice for nursing students and to find out the weakest area of fundamental nursing skills. Methods: Study design was methodological triangulation. Qualitative analysis was done to derive nursing students' OSCE experiences using OSCE reflection note. Level of basic nursing skill acquirement was identified by quantitative method. Results: Four themes and 10 sub-categories emerged: (a) confidence and interests in nursing being increased, (b) being encouraged by mentor and evaluator, (c) requiring much effort to learn nursing skill, (d) being aware of themselves and understanding others in their shoes. Results of analysis of OSCE application score record showed as followings ; Intravenous injection(92.6%), Intramuscular injection(89.5%), Foley catheterization(85.2%), Vital sign(81.5%): BP check(63.0%) Respiration check(50.0%), Health assessment: respiration sound auscultation(33.3%) heart sound auscultation(44.4%). Conclusion: OSCE program application before frist clinical nursing practice was effective in terms of fundamental nursing skills learning. It is necessary to reinforce nursing skills based on the study results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.880-892
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health perception in the elderly, to provide the basic data for health behavior program and nursing intervention. The subjects of this study were 240 elderly person over the age 60, living in Seoul and Kangnung. They were conveniently sampled for this study and the data was collected from June 1999 to September 1999. The instruments for this study were the Health Perception Questionaire developed by Ware(1979), the OARS Functional Assessment Questionaire (Duke University 1978), and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control by Wallston, Wallston, and De Vills(1978). The data were analyzed by using SPSS Win computer Program. The results are as follows; 1. The total mean score of the health perception was 52.02(S.D=${\pm}$7.07) in a range of 33 to 69, and the mean score of the functional status was 27.02 (SD=${\pm}$2.75) in a range of zero to 28 and the mean score of the health locus of control was 65.66(S.D=${\pm}$8.68) in a range of 43 to 90. And The mean scores on the HLOC subscales were HLOC-I: 23.73${\pm}$4.56 (range: 6-30), HLOC-P: 23.07${\pm}$4.74 (range: 6-30), HLOC-C: 18.55${\pm}$4.03 (range: 11-30). 2. There was a significant positive correlation between health perception and functional status(r=.216, p=.001), and health perception and the health locus of control(HLOC) were not correlated at the level of statistical significance. However, the HLOC-I and health perception were correlated positively(r=.328, p=.000), and the HLOC-P were correlated negatively (r=-.129, p=.046). 3. There was a significant difference statistically in the degree of health perception according to the age(F=3.351, p=.002), spouse(t=2.232, p=.021), education level(F=7.373, p=.001), disease(t=3.639, p=.000), group activity (t=2.458, p=.015). drink(t=2.327, p=.021). 4. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health perception was internal health locus of control. A combination of HOLC-I, functional status, HLOC-P, group activity explained 17.9% of the variance for health perception in the elderly. In conclusion, the results of this study show that internal health locus of control factor is very important in explaining the health perception for the elderly. Therefore, it will be considered internal health locus of control factor in nursing intervention and program in order to enforce the health behavior for elderly people .

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.25-37
• /
• 1993

This study was designed to identify the performance of occupational health services of 37 industries located in Kyung in area. The data was collected by a structured questionnaire developed by the Academic society of Community Nursing. This analysis had two factors, one was related to six of the industries, and the other was the actual assignment procedures of the health team members. This study was undertaken from December 4, 1992 to January 21, 1993. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The study group was primarily manufacturing industries which employed 300-1,000 employees. 2. The actual assignment state of occupation health team members with the exception of nurses was not kept to the regulations of the industrial safety health law. 3. The following was the analysis of the performance of occupational health services with two factors: 1). The larger the size of the six industries, the more the performance of health education, health assessment, and health screening. 2) The actual. practice of occupational health team members working environmental measurement, was more frequently performed by a nurse other than health team members together. 4. 1) The subscription rate of the laborers for primary health screening was 94%, and of these 10% had the need of secondary health screening. As a results of the secondary health screening the degrees were 'A' 45%, 'C' 92%, 'R' 21%. Of these degrees 'C', 'R' 4% were follow up cases. 2) 43% of laborers needed special health screening and .of these the subscription rate was 99%. The main item of the special health screening was physical factors. After the special health screening 46% required .follow up, 30% required medical treatment, only reporting 18%, change work 8%, suspension from work place 2%.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.183-195
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to describe the health care status of Korean Immigrants in New Zealand. The sample consisted of 155 Koreans who were randomly selected from the Korean Immigrants telephone book in Auckland, N.Z. They had health problems that required health management both physically (50.3%) and psychologically(70.3%). During the previous year, the average rate of medical contact with a general practitioner was 1$\pm$1.29 times. Korean immigrants who had health problems first attempted to resolve the problem through self medication rather than utilize health care services. They would only visit a general practitioner if they had severe subjective symptoms or no relief from self medication. Even if they think they need to visit the health care service, 41.9% of the subjects did not go back for follow-up care. Generally, the person who demonstrated positive health care behaviors was male, a college level graduate or higher, lived in N.Z. longer than 2 years, had a high score on health status by self assessment, and he placed few demands on health care services. Barriers to a healthy lifestyle are communication difficulties in expressing subjective symptoms, understanding the physician's treatment and medication plans, difficulty in accessing the appointment system and the high cost of service.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.58-67
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with long-term hospitalized patients in long-term care hospitals using the quality assessment data for long-term care hospitals by the Health Insurance Review. Methods: Among 1,376 long-term care hospitals, frequency analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the characteristics of these hospitals. Multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the associations between infrastructure characteristics, medical personnel characteristics, health outcomes and the proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. Results: The research findings indicate that the number of patients per doctor, the number of patients per nurse, and the number of patients per nursing staff were positively associated with the proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. Among health outcomes, a higher proportion of patients with more than a 5% weight loss compared to the previous month and the proportion of patients showing improvement in ADL, were more likely to have a lower proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. However the proportion of diabetic patients with HbA1c test results within the appropriate range was positively associated with the proportion of long-term hospitalized patients. Conclusion: The present study results provide fundamental data for the establishment of policies for long-term care hospitals. Based on this study, it is important to suggest screening methods for unnecessary long-term hospitalizations, such as sufficient medical personnel to improve the quality of care in long-term care hospitals. It is also necessary to clearly separate the roles of medical institutions and long-term care facilities and implement policies to support patients' social reintegration.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 1999

The main purpose of this study is to identify nursing needs of parents who have hospitalized child. Research design is a descriptive survey. The subjects for the study were 79 parents who have hospitalized child at a pediatric ward of one of the general hospital attached to a university in J city. The data was collected by researchers using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was Likert type 5 point scale, composed of 5 categories with 61 items. The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC. The results of the study were as follows ; 1) Mean score of nursing needs of subjects were 3.93 at 2nd day of admission and 3.99 at 7th day of admission. 2) Among the categories, the highest nursing need at the End day and 7th day of admission was ‘dilect nursing’, in desending order, ‘facilities and environment’, ‘education and counseling’, ‘nursing assessment’. The lowest nursing need was ‘reference’. 3) Differences between the nursing needs of subjects at 2nd day and 7th day were as follows : (1) By categories, there was a significant difference only in the ‘reference’ categoly(t=2.74, P=.008). (2) By items, there were significant differences in items of ‘to check necessary materials(t=2.31, P=.024)’, ‘to understand family function and family relationship(t=2.12, P=.041)’, ‘to set up study room(t=2.22, P=.030)’, and ‘to mediate parent's meeting group(t=3.89, P=.000)’. The above result indicated that nursing needs of parents with hospitalized child were above average, especially very high in items about disease process, and items directly associated with treatment and nursing care. So, nurses have to focus on information about the patient's state of disease, treatment, test and procedure, and in efficiently giving direct nursing care to implement mure effective care for the hospitalized children and their parents. And some future researche is needed to identify the difference of degree of nursing needs of parents with hospitalized child according to admission duration using a different sample and a longer sampling interval.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.191-201
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this methodological study was to examine the validity and reliability of a translated Korean version of The Oncology Patients' Perception of the Quality of Nursing Care Scale. Methods: The translated scale was pilot tested and then administered to 360 patients with cancer. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were utilized to assess the factor structure. Internal consistency reliability was determined using coefficient ${\alpha}$. Results: Two of the 40 items were deleted with a principal component method of exploratory factor analysis because they did not meet the factor-loading criterion. The 38 items were again analyzed and, four factors were validated (KMO=.96, Bartlett ${\chi}^2=10809.81$, df=780, p<.001). The four factors accounted for 60.9% of the variance. Factor loadings of the scale on the four subscales ranged from .65 to .91. The scale showed reliable internal consistency with a Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, total 38 items (${\alpha}=.96$) in four subscales: individualization (18 items, ${\alpha}=.96$), proficiency (10, .91), responsiveness (7, .90), and coordination (3, .80). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that the scale has satisfactory construct validity and reliability to measure quality of cancer nursing care from the patient's perspective in Korea.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.317-328
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide patient-centered nursing by comparing the patient needs, patient satisfaction, and communication type of nurses for patients admitted to integrated nursing care service ward and general ward. Methods: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires between September 7 and October 9, 2021. Patients were patients recruited from a hospital in D city, 100 each from comprehensive nursing care service ward and general ward. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, 𝜒²-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. Results: There was no significant difference in patient needs between the patients of integrated nursing care service ward and the general ward (t=-1.12, p=.263). However, patient satisfaction was higher among the patients in integrated nursing care service ward than in the general ward (t=-3.55, p<.001). Pertaining to the communication type of nurses, the informational communication type (t=-4.02, p<.001) and the friendly communication type (t=-3.92, p<.001) were stronger in the integrated nursing care service ward than the general ward. It was, hence, confirmed that the educational requirements were positively correlated with patient satisfaction in the reliability domain and technical-professional domain, and that the nurse informational communication type and friendly communication type had a significantly positive correlation with patient satisfaction. Conclusion: The expansion of the integrated nursing care service ward may be considered in the future, with an informational and friendly communication method as an effective response that can be adapted in practice as a reflection the type of communication among nurses.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.249-260
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The study aimed to examine the effects of nurse staffing levels on patient outcomes in long-term care hospitals in South Korea using path analysis. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of national data, which included the 2021 hospital assessment results of long-term care hospitals from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Data collection was performed between June 19 and June 27, 2023. The study sample consisted of 1,215 hospitals, and we analyzed the data using SAS 9.4 and Mplus 8 software. Results: The average numbers of patients per registered nurse, certified nursing assistant, and nursing staff, including both registered nurses and certified nursing assistant, was 10.00, 7.43, and 4.00, respectively. Path analysis revealed that the number of patients per registered nurse had direct effects on improvements in activities of daily living and indirect effects on indwelling catheterization, pressure ulcer improvement, and weight loss. The number of patients per certified nursing assistant had direct effects on new pressure ulcer development and pressure ulcer improvement, with no indirect effects. The number of patients per nursing staff had direct effects on pressure ulcer improvement and no indirect effects on other patient outcomes. Conclusion: The findings suggest that establishing policies to evaluate staffing levels of registered nurse and certified nursing assistants separately is necessary in order to improve registered nurse staffing levels and patient outcomes in long-term care hospitals.