• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.64-67
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of thread-embedding therapy for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. There were 20 patients treated with thread-embedding therapy at various acupoints on the muscles around the knee. Gender, age, location, morbidity period, numeric rating scale (NRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index, improvement result, side effects, and patient's satisfaction were investigated. After the treatment, the NRS score (z = -4.07, p < 0.001) and WOMAC (p < 0.001) indices decreased in most patients. The NRS score decreased by more than 2 points in 95% of the patients. The WOMAC index decreased by 6-12 points. There were no serious side effects, although bruising, pain, and edema were observed. Overall, 85% of the patients felt satisfied with the thread-embedding therapy. These findings suggested that thread-embedding therapy was effective and may be used widely for knee osteoarthritis.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim on this study was to establish the validity, reliability and efficiency of a Pain Self-Report Scale for elderly with dementia and compare these results with an observational pain rating scale. Methods: Study subjects were 136 elderly with dementia who were residents in a nursing home, geriatric hospital, or day care center. The subject's pain was measured by five self-report scales and observational scale. DS-DAT (discomfort scale-dementia of the Alzheimer's type) was used for pain behavior observational measure. Cognitive state was assessed using the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination). Results: Observational rating correlated moderately with self-report (r=.225~.585, p<.05) and tended to underestimate pain intensity. Test-retest reliability was high for all five self-report scales, and the correlation between these scales was very strong (r=.735~.856, p<.05). Comprehension rate of VDS (verbal descriptor scale) was 88.3%, and NRS (numeric rating scale) 69.9%, FPS (face pain scale) 66.9%, HVAS (horizontal visual analog scale) and VVAS (vertical visual analog scale) 65.4%. Conclusion: Nurses should not apply observational scales routinely in demented patients as many of these are capable of reporting their own pain. Self-report, the highest standard of pain measurement can be reliably performed in a large proportion of demented elderly.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.6728-6738
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• 2014

본 연구는 노인요양시설 입소 노인의 통증, 우울 및 일상생활활동의 관계를 확인하고 통증의 영향요인을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. S시의 노인요양시설 4개소에서 2013년 1월부터 2월까지 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 자가보고 통증평가 도구인 NRS(numeric rating scale)와 행동관찰 통증평가 도구인 DS-DAT(discomfort scale-dementia of the Alzheimer's type)를 사용하여 통증을 측정하였고, GDSSF-K(Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form-Korea Version), BADL(Barthel activities of daily living)로 우울과 일상생활활동 수준을 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS PC 20.0 program을 이용하여 Pearson's correlation coefficient, 위계적 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 NRS와 DS-DAT 모두 일상생활활동과는 음의 상관관계를 보였으며, 우울과는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 회귀분석을 통하여 성별, 관절염, 우울, 일상생활활동이 NRS를 28.1% 설명하는 영향요인이었고, DS-DAT에서는 우울과 일상생활활동이 21.5%를 설명하는 영향요인으로 확인되었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 노인요양시설 입소노인의 통증관리에 있어서 우울을 완화하고 일상생활활동 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 프로그램의 개발과 적용이 요구된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.369-375
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was the examination of the correlations between the daily physical pain intensity (DPPI) scale and the numeric rating scale (NRS), and between the DPPI scale and the quality of life (QOL) of short form health survey (SF-36) and beck depression inventory (BDI) questionnaires. The focus of the DPPI scale was the daily-living activities of the individual, and the scale contains three items regarding the pain per movement range, the pain per day, and the pain when touching the pain area. Methods: A total of 241 adults answered the DPPI, NRS, SF-36, and BDI questionnaires. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated for the various relations of the DPPI to the other scales. Results: High correlations were shown between the NRS and the DPPI (r=0.809, p<0.05). The DPPI scale (r=0.437, p<0.05) showed "moderate" significant correlations with the SF-36 and the NRS (r=0.370, p<0.05), and it showed "weak" significant correlations with the SF-36. There are no statistically significant correlations between the DPPI, the NRS score, and the BDI score (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study was the first attempt to establish the concurrent validity of a new focus on daily-living activities for the assessment of pain. This study showed promise for the development of activities of daily living focused tool for an assessment of the subjective pain in patients that was more objective.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.247-252
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to observe the clinical effects of acupuncture therapy and Ecklonia cava extract on sleep disturbance in ALS patients. Methods : In this study one patient received acupuncture therapy and took Ecklonia cava extract. The effects of the combined administration of these treatments were evaluated using Numeric Rating Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results : The NRS score for sleep disturbance decreased from 10 to 1 and the PSQI score decreased from between 12~13 to 8. After treatment, the patient stopped taking sleeping pills and antidepressant. Conclusions : Combined administration of acupuncture therapy and Ecklonia cava extract could be effective in improving sleep disturbances in ALS patient.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report the clinical effects of needle-embedding acupuncture therapy combined with Korean medicine on a lumbar herniated intervertebral disc. Methods : We treated one patient with a lumbar herniated intervertebral disc with needle-embedding acupuncture therapy combined with Korean medical treatment. We checked the numeric rating scale(NRS), oswestry low back pain disability index(ODI) and straight leg raising test(SLRT). Results : In this case, the numeric rating scale decreased, while the straight leg raising test results improved. Conclusion : Needle-embedding acupuncture therapy could be effective for pain-reduction for a lumbar herniated intervertebral disc.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.229-233
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this report is to show the effectiveness of traditional korean medical treatment with Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture. Methods : Twenty five patients were treated by korean medical treatment including Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture. We measured valuation standards such as House-Brackmann Grade(H-B Grade) and Numeric Rating Scale(NRS) to assess the effectiveness of treatments. These valuation standards were measured at admisson and discharge. Results : The results were obtained as below. 1. In House-Brackmann Grade, 60.0% of patients were improved and 36.0% were maintained at the same level. 4.0% of patients were worsen. 2. Average of Numeric Rating Scale was changed from 8.5 to 3.0 after whole treatment. Conclusions : Korean medical treatments including Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopunture can be effective for improving symptoms of facial paralysis.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2014

상완골 간부 골절에 동반된 요골신경 손상을 가진 1명의 환자를 대상으로 "내경(內經)"의 독취양명치법(獨取陽明治法)에 따라 침구치료, 약침치료, 물리치료와 한약치료를 병행하였다. 손목관절의 하수 및 근력약화에 대한 치료성적으로 평가하기 위해 완관절의 운동범위와 능동저항검사를 통한 상대적인 지수를 평가하였으며, 요골신경마비로 인한 장악력의 약화정도는 악력측정기를 사용하여 평가하였다. 수지의 비증의 정도는 Numeric Rating Sclae(NRS) 사정법에 따라 평가하였다. 환자는 발병일로부터 약 6주째에 첫 회복징후를 보이기 시작하였으며, 발병이로부터 약 11.5주째에 가벼운 물건에 대한 집게운동이 가능하며 일상생활을 하는데에 큰 지장이 없는 수준으로 회복되었다. 이는 상완골 간부 골절이 동반된 요골신경손상의 자연회복시기보다 빠른 것으로, "내경(內經)"의 독취양명치법(獨取陽明治法)에 따른 한방치료요법이 상완골 골절에 동반된 요골신경손상의 치료에 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2005

목적 : 급성기 족관절 염좌 환자에 있어서 자락발관법이 실제 효과가 있는지 근거 중심 의학(Evidence Based Medicine)적으로 연구된 사례가 드물어서 이를 객관적으로 검증하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 골절이 배제되고, 명백한 외상력이 있으며, 발병 후 1주일 이내에 내원하였으며 다른 치료를 받지 않은 환자 29명을 대상으로 무작위로 실험군과 대조군으로 나누어 자락발관법 유무의 차이를 두고 시술하였다. 치료시작점과 3회 시술 후 Ankle-Hindfood Scale(AHS)와 Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)을 평가하여 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 29명중 19명이 최종 평가되었다. 자락발관법을 시행한 실험군(n=11)이 자락발관법을 시행하지 않은 대조군(n=8)에 대해 AHS와 NRS 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.041, 0. 026). 결론 : 급성기 족관절 염좌에 있어 자락발관법의 시행은 통증을 비롯한 증상 감소에 객관적인 효과가 있다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제41권
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• pp.143-148
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• 2024

A patient with sequelae of peripheral facial nerve palsy (FNP) was mainly treated with facial chuna manual therapy (FCMT) for over 6 months. The patient was diagnosed with hemophilia B and C, so invasive treatments, such as acupuncture and pharmacopuncture, were precluded. The facial nerve grading system 2.0 (FNGS) and the House-Brackmann Grading Scale (HBGS), Peitersen, Murata, Mehta, and numeric rating scale (NRS) systems were used to measure treatment effectiveness. Each scale showed improvement: FNGS, 3 to 2; HBGS, 3 to 2; Peitersen scale, 2 to 1; Murata scale, 9 to 4; Mehta scale, 14 to 1; and NRS, 8.5 to 2.5. An overall improvement was evident in facial muscle strength, particularly in synkinesis. If acupuncture and pharmacopuncture are unavailable, FCMT alone may be effective in treating FNP sequelae.