• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.730-737
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• 2013

In this paper, Constrained One-Bit Transform (C1BT) based motion estimation using extension of matching error criterion is proposed. C1BT based motion estimation algorithm exploiting Number of Non-Matching Points (NNMP) instead of Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) that used in the Full Search Algorithm (FSA) facilitates hardware implementation and significantly reduces computational complexity. However, the accuracy of motion estimation is decreased. To improve inaccurate motion estimation, this algorithm based motion estimation extending matching error criterion of C1BT is proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm has better performance compared with the conventional algorithm in terms of Peak-Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (PSNR).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.155-160
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• 2001

Actual engineering structure is frequently very complex, and parts of structure are designed independently by different engineers. Also each structure contains so many degree of freedom. For these reason, methods have been developed which permits the structure to be divided into components or substructures, with analysis being done on a small substructure in order to obtain a full structural system. In such case, because of different mesh size among finite element model (FEM) or different matching points among FEM models and experimentally obtained models, their interfacing points may be non-matching. Solving this non-matching problem is useful to other application such as structural dynamic modification or model updating. In this work, virtual node concept is introduced. Lagrange multipliers are used to enforce the interface compatibility constraint, and interface displacement is approximated by polynomial presentation. The governing equation of whole structure is derived using hybrid variational principle. The eigenvalue of whole structure are calculated using the determinant search method. The number of degree of freedom in the eigenvalue problem can be drastically reduced to just the number of interface degree of freedom. Some numerical simulation is performed to show usefulness of synthesis method.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 2015

In this paper, Enhanced binary block matching method for Constrained one-bit transform (C1BT) based motion estimation is proposed. Binary motion estimation exploits the Number of non-matched points (NNMP) as a block matching criterion instead of the Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) for low complex motion estimation. The motion estimation using SAD could use the smaller block for more accurate motion estimation. In this paper the enhanced binary block matching method using smaller motion estimation block for C1BT is proposed to the more accurate binary matching. Experimental results shows that the proposed algorithm has better Peak Signal to Noise Ration (PSNR) results compared with conventional binary transform algorithms.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.647-656
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• 2011

Motion estimation using one-bit transform and two-bit transform reduces the complexity for computation of matching error; however, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is degraded. Modified 1BT (M1BT) and modified 2BT (M2BT) have been proposed to compensate degraded PSNR by adding conditional local search. However, these algorithms require many additional search points in fast moving sequences with a block size of $16{\times}16$. This paper provides more efficient search method by preparing candidate blocks using the number of non-matching points (NNMP) than the conditional local search. With this NNMP-based search, we can easily obtain candidate blocks with small NNMP and efficiently search final motion vector. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only reduces computational complexity, but also improves PSNR on average compared with conventional search algorithm used in M1BT, M2BT and AM2BT.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.267-269
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• 2013

본 논문은 제한된 1비트 변환 (Constrained One-Bit Transform : C1BT) 알고리즘의 정합 오차 기준의 동적 범위를 확장하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. C1BT는 정합 오차 기준으로 SAD (Sum of Absolute Differences)를 사용하지 않고 CNNMP (Constrained Number of Non-Matching Points)를 사용하여 하드웨어 구현을 용이하게 하고 속도를 대폭 향상시켰다. 이는 기존의 움직임 예측 방법인 전역 탐색 알고리즘 (Full Search Algorithm: FSA)과 비교하여 연산량을 크게 줄였으나 움직임 예측의 정확도를 현저히 감소시켰다. 이 점을 개선하기 위해 이 논문에서는 C1BT의 정합 오차 기준을 확장하여 움직임 예측의 정확도를 높이는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 기존의 C1BT와 제안하는 알고리즘을 비교한 결과에서 제안하는 알고리즘이 기존의 C1BT에 비해 움직임 예측의 정확도의 기준인 PSNR 측면에서 더 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.129-131
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• 2012

본 논문은 2비트 변환 (two-bit transform : 2BT) 알고리즘의 탐색 범위를 적응적으로 조정하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 2BT는 정합 오차 기준으로 SAD (sum of absolute differences)를 사용하지 않고 Number of Non-Matching Points (NNMP)를 사용하여 속도를 향상시키고, 하드웨어 구현을 용이하게 했다. 그러나 움직임 예측 시 기존의 방법인 전역 탐색 (FS : Full Search) 알고리즘을 사용하여 방대한 연산량을 요구한다. 이 점을 개선하기 위해 이 논문에서는 2BT의 탐색 범위를 매 블록마다 적응적으로 조정하면서 알고리즘의 계산량을 줄이고 속도를 향상시키는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 기존의 2BT와 제안하는 알고리즘을 비교한 실험결과는 PSNR이 거의 동일하나 복잡도 측면에서 제안하는 알고리즘이 훨씬 우수한 성능을 보여준다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1366-1370
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• 2007

Predicting the noise radiated from vibrating structures is important in the automotive, aerospace, construction equipment, and defense industries. In this paper, a numerical implementation of the boundary element method in solving the Helmholtz integral equation for radiated noise prediction is presented. To predict the noise emitted by vibrating structure, the developed code can use the results from a structure analysis performed by a multi-purpose structural finite element code like ANSYS and directly measured data by non-contact vibration sensor like Laser Doppler Vibrometer. To verify the accuracy of developed code, two kinds of verification are perfomed. Firstly, the computer code used the harmonic analysis results of ANSYS in simple model and try to match with SYSNOISE. After matching with simulation results, the code compared with the result from SYSNOISE which used the velocity data from the LDV measurement with different number of points. The performance of the developed code for vibro-acoustic noise prediction is presented using the experimental results of the non-contact sensor

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

Identifying the exact train and the type of train boarded by passengers is practically cumbersome. Previous studies identified the trains boarded by each passenger by matching the Automated Fare Collection (AFC) data and the train schedule diagram. However, this approach has been shown to be inefficient as the exact train boarded by a considerable number of passengers cannot be accurately determined. In this study, we demonstrate that the AFC data - diagram matching technique could not estimate 28% of the train type selected by passengers using the Seoul Metro line no.9. To obtain more accurate results, this paper developed a two-step method for estimating the train type boarded by passengers by applying the AFC data - diagram matching method followed by a mixture distribution analysis. As a result of the analysis, we derived reasonable express train use/non-use passenger classification points based on 298 origin-destination pairs that satisfied the verification criteria of this study.