• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 1999년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.165-170
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• 1999

Palladium membranes have high selectivity of separation and removal of hydrogen to chemical process at high temperature. For the development of hydrogen permeable membrane, palladium was deposited on porous stainless steel support by electroless plating method. In this work, the activation effect on the surface of stainless steel support has been investigated for the effective palladium plating. The morphology and microstructure were characterized by SEM and the composition was analyzed by EDX. It is found that the composition of deposited nuclei on the stainless steel support was changed in accordance with activation cycles. It is also observed that Sn-enriched nuclei has been changed to Pd-enriched nuclei over the fifteenth activation. The uniform deposition of the dense palladium layer on porous stainless steel support has been performing with Sn-enriched nuclei and comparing with Pd-enriched nuclei.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 1991

This study was carried out to reconstruct three-dimensional plaster model of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of 3 Korean native goats. The representative coronal sections of the hypothalami were stained immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies to vasopressin and oxytocin simultaneously. Plaster models were reconstructed by schematic drawings which were made by tracing onto the tracing paper with the aid of a drawing attachment. The results were as follows: The configurations of the models of 3 supraoptic nuclei were slender spherical shape at their cranial parts, and the highest and widest size at middle parts, and became lower and narrow at caudal parts in two models, hence one was directed dorsolaterally. The medial surfaces of the para ventricular nuclei were vertically flat, and lateral surfaces were more complex than medial with processes directed dorsolaterally at their cranial portion. They change positions dorsally at caudal portion, and there were no significant variations in shape between them.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.355-360
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• 1990

포유동물의 초기 발생단계에서 핵의 분화와 전능성(totipotency) 을 규명하고, 수정란의 cloning technique를 개발하여 우량유전자로 조성된 개체를 복제함으로써 효과적인 종축개량 기법으로 응용하기 위하여 생쥐 수정란을 모델로 하여 미세조작기법과 Sendai virus를 이용한 핵융합기술을 이용하여 인위적으로 동일한 유전자를 가진 복제 수정란을 작출하고 이들의 작출효과, 체외발달능력 및 체내 이식후 개체발생여부 등을 조사하였다. 2-세포기, 4-세포기 및 8-세포기의 수정란으로부터 핵을 채취하여 이들을 탈핵된 2-세포기의 수정란에 이식하였을 때, 이들의 핵융합 성공율은 각각 88.6%, 87.1% 및 84.7%이었다. 나아가서 이들 핵융합된 수정란을 체외에서 96시간 배양한 결과, 2-세포기, 4-세포기 및 8-세포기의 핵이 이식된 수정란은 각각 76.5%, 68.4% 및 48.3%가 배반포로 발달하였다. 핵이식 후 체외에서 배반포로 발달된 수정란을 골라 수란생쥐에 이식하였던 바, 2-세포기의 핵이 이식된 수정란 156개 중 58개(37.1%) 가 발달하여 신생자로 생산되었으며, 4-세포기의 핵아 이식된 수정란 135개 중 40개(29.6%)가, 그리고 8-세포기의 핵이 이식된 92개의 수정란 중 15개(16.3%)가 신생자로 생산되었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.143-153
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• 1996

To improve the efficiency of nuclear transplantation in the rabbit, this study were evaluated the influence of celly cycle of donor nuclei on the in vitro developmental potential in the nuclear transplant embryos. The embryos of 16-cell stage were collected from the mated does at 48h post-hCG injection and they were synchronized to G1 phase of 32-cell stage. Synchronization of the cell cylce of blastomeres were induced, first, using an microtubules polymerization inhibitor, 0.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml colcemid for 10h to arrest blastomeres in metaphase, and secondly, using a DNA synthesis inhibitor, 0.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml aphidicolin for 1.5 to 2h to cleave to 32-cell stage and arrest them in G1 phase. The separated G1 phase blastomeres of 32-cell stage were injectied into enucleated recipient cytoplasms by micromanipulation. After culture until 20h post-hCG injection, the nuclear transplant oocytes were electrofused and activated by electrical stimulation. The nuclear transplant embryos were co-cultured for 120h. In vitro cultured embryos were monitored every 24h to assess for development rate. After in vitro cultue for 120h, the nuclear transplant embryos developed to blastocyst stage were stained with Hoechst 33342 dye for counting the number of blastomeres under a fluorescence microscopy. The cleavage rate of blastomeres from 16-cell stage stage rabbit embryos treated with colcemid for 10h or aphidicolin for 6h following colcemid for 10h were not significantly different. The electrofusion rate was similar by high in S and G1 phase donor nuclei as 80.6 and 79.1%, respectively. However, the nuclear transplant embryos using G1 phase donor nuclei were developed to blastocyst at high rate(60.3%) than those using S phase donor nuclei(26.0%). Moreover, the mean blastocyst stage were increased significantly(P<0.05) with the G1 phase donor nuclei(176.6 cells and 1.50 cycles), as compared with the S phase donor nuclei(136.6 cells and 1.42 cycles). These results show that the blastomeres of G1 phase were more successful as donor nuclei in the nuclear transplant procedure, compared with S phase.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.276-280
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• 1994

길항작용 뿐만 아니라 식물생장촉진효과가 있는 속간 핵 전이체를 선발하기 위하여 T. harzianum의 원형질체로부터 핵을 분리한 다음 $15\:{\mu}g/ml$의 콜히친을 처리하였다. 최소배지에서 성장하지 않은 영양요구성 균주인 G. virens G88의 원형질체에 콜히친이 처리된 핵을 전이하여 chloroneb이 함유된 재생용 최소배지에서 선발하였다. 전이효율은 0.08%로서 콜히친 및 chloroneb을 처리하지 않은 것보다는 낮지만 segregants는 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 또한 chloroneb 농도에 따라 다양한 형태의 전이체가 선발되었으며 재조합형, 양친형, 그리고 petite형 등으로 동정되었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.389-404
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• 2020

Red algal fertilization is unusual and offers a different model to the mechanism of intracellular transport of nuclei and polyspermy blocking. A female carpogonium (egg) undergoes plasmogamy with many spermatia (sperm) simultaneously at the receptive structure, trichogyne, which often contains numerous male nuclei. The pattern of selective transport of a male nucleus to the female nucleus, located in the cell body of the carpogonium, remain largely unknown. We tracked the movement of spermatial nuclei and cell organelles in the trichogyne after plasmogamy using time-lapse videography and fluorescent probes. The fertilization process of Bostrychia moritziana is composed of five distinctive stages: 1) gamete-gamete binding; 2) mitosis in the attached spermatia; 3) formation of a fertilization channel; 4) migration of spermatial nuclei into the trichogyne; and 5) cutting off of the trichogyne cytoplasm from the rest of the cell after karyogamy. Our results showed that actin microfilaments were involved in the above steps of fertilization, microtubules are involved only in spermatial mitosis. Time-lapse videography showed that the first ("primary") nucleus which entered to trichogyne moved quickly to the base of carpogonium and fused with the female nucleus. The transport of the primary male nucleus to the egg nucleus was complete before its second nucleus migrated into the trichogyne. Male nuclei from other spermatia stopped directional movement soon after the first one entered the carpogonial base and oscillated near where they entered trichogyne. The cytoplasm of the trichogyne was cut off at a narrow neck connecting the trichogyne and carpogonial base after gamete nuclear fusion but gamete binding and plasmogamy continued on the trichogyne. Spermatial organelles, including mitochondria, entered the trichogyne together with the nuclei but did not show any directional movement and remained close to where they entered. These results suggest that polyspermy blocking in B. moritziana is achieved by the selective and rapid transport of the first nucleus entered trichogyne and the rupture of the trichogyne after gamete karyogamy.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.151-169
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• 1993

The present study was carried out to investigate the best condition for nuclear-cytoplasm fusion and in vitro culture of nuclear transplanted embryos and to investigate the production of nuclear transplanted offsprings. The nuclei from 2-, 4- and 8-cell mouse embryos were transferred into enucleated 2-cell embryos, and the reconstituted embryos were submitted to direct current(DC) pulses at output voltage of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kV/cm for 100, 150 and $200{\mu}$ sec to induce cell fusion. 1. The culture of intact or zona cut 2-cell embryos in the medium supplemented with cytochalasin B($5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) and colcemide($0.1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$)for 30 and 60 minutes did not affect the development to later stage. 2. The in vitro developmental rates of group A(a nucleus from one of the blastomeres was removed) and B(electrofusion of group A) were significantly lower than that of control group(p<0.01). 3. When nuclear transplanted embryos were submitted to electrofusion, the significantly higher fusion rates of 2-cell donor nuclei were achieved at the electric field strength of DC 1.5kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}$ sec, DC 2.0 kV/cm for $100{\sim}200{\mu}$ sec than DC 1.0 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}$ sec(p<0.01). The significantly higher fusion rates of 4-cell donor nuclei were achieved at DC 2.0 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}$ sec than DC 1.0kV/cm for $100{\sim}200{\mu}$ sec(p<0.01). These fusion rates in 8-cell donor nuclei were 88.7~99.3%. 4. The developmental potency to blastocyst in 2- and 4-cell donor nuclei was significantly higher in DC 1.0 and 2.0 kV/cm for $100{\sim}200{\mu}$ sec treated group and DC 2.0 kV/cm for 150 and $200{\mu}$ sec treated group (p<0.01). The developmental potency to blastocyst in 8-cell donor nuclei was significantly higher in DC 2.0 kV/cm for $100{\mu}$ sec treated group than in DC 1.0 kV/cm for $100{\mu}$ sec treated group and DC 2.0 kV/cm for 150 and $200{\mu}$ sec treated group(p<001). 5. The developmental potency to blastocyst after nuclear transplantation was significantly higher in 2-cell donor nuclei than in 8-cell donor nuclei(p<0.01). 6. The success rate of nuclear injection into enucleated 2-cell embryos was significantly higher in 2-cell donor nuclei than in 4- or 8-cell donor nuclei(p<0.01). 7. The culture time taken for the nuclear transplanted 2-cell embryos to blastocyst stage was significantly longer in 2-cell donor nuclei than in 8-cell donor nuclei(p<0.01). 8. There was no significant difference in the developmental potency of nuclear transplanted embryos within the concentration of EGF at 0 to 15 ng per $m{\ell}$ of BMOC-3 solution. 9. The production rates of offspring after transfer of nuclear transplanted embryos to recipient mouse were significantly higher in 2-cell donor nuclei than in 8-cell donor nuclei(p<0.01).

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.547-554
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• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the best condition for in vitro and in vivo culture after freezing and thawing of nuclear transplant 2 cell embryos. When nuclear transplant embryos were submitted to electrofusion, the significantly higher fusion rates of 2 cell donor nuclei were achieved at the electric field strength of DC 1.5 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}sec$, DC 2.0 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}sec$ than DC 1.0 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}sec$(p<0.01). The significantly higher fusion rates of 4 cell donor nuclei were achievecl at DC 2.0 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}sec$ than DC 1.0 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}sec$(p<0.01). The fusion rates in 8 cell donor nuclei were 94.2~99.3%. The developmental potency to blastocyst in 2 cell donor nuclei was significantly higher in DC 2.0 kV/cm for $150{\mu}sec$ treated group(p<0.01). The significantly higher developmental potency to blastocyst in 4 cell donor nuclei were achieved at the electric field strength of DC 2.0 kV/cm for $150{\mu}sec$ than DC 1.5 kV/cm for 100 and $150{\mu}sec$, DC 2.0 kV/cm for $100{\mu}sec$ treated group(p<0.01). The develop mental potency to blastocyst in 8 cell donor nuclei was significantly higher in DC 2.0 kV/cm for $100{\mu}sec$ treated group(p<0.01). The developmental potency to blastocyst after nuclear transplantation was significantly higher in 2 cell donor nuclei than in 8 cell donor nuclei(p<0.01). When the recovered embryos in normal morphology were cultured in vitro, there were no significant differences in the developmental potency to blastocyst between the freezing methods and the concentrations of cryoprotectant(p<0.01). The production rates of offspring after transfer of nuclear transplant embryos to recipient mouse were no significant difference in 2, 4 and 8 cell donor nuclei.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.560-565
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• 1990

Trichocderma koningii의 영양요구성 돌연변이주인 CUT 121로부터 얻은 원형질체를 야생형인 ATCC 26113의 핵과 혼합하여 PEG 용액을 처리한 결과, 독립 영양형의 형질전환체가 30 이상의 빈도로 생성되었다. 이 독립영양형 군체로부터 얻은 분리체 중의 하나는 xylanase의 활성이 야생형보다 3배 가량 증진되었으며, 다른 세포의 다당류 분해효소는 야생형과 유사한 수준을 나타내었다. 분리체의 DNA 함량, 인위적인 불리양상 및 동위효소 양상 등을 조사 분석한 결과, 독립영양형의 형질전환체는 실험에 사용된 형질전환체로 판명되었다. 이상의 결과로 Trichoderma속 균류의 균주개량법으로, 핵전이법이 통상의 원형질체 융합법보다 효율적인 것으로 판명되었다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1995

Morphometry of nuclei of the benign and malignant prostatic lesions was performed to study the relationship between nuclear size and shape and the prognosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma fifty one cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma and 13 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia were included to evaluate area, perimeter, Dmax, Dmin, and 5 form factors of the nuclei by image analyzer(Zeiss Ibas 2000) using hematoxylin-eosin stained slides. All analytic factors of nuclear size and shape were significantly different between benign lesions and adenocarcinomas. Increased nuclear size was associated with nuclear irregularity, presence of metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and high Gleason's grade and score of prostatic adenocarcinoma. On Kaplan-Meier method, survival was decreased with older age, no hormonal treatment, stage D, high Gleason's grade and stage as well as with larger size and irregular shape of the nuclei in conclusion, morphometry of nuclei of the prostate can be a helpful tool to differentiate between be nign and malignant lesions. Nuclear morphology is thought to be associated with prognosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma.