• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.127-148
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• 2007

세계 크루즈산업은 경제성장과 더불어 지난 30년간 가장 많이 성장한 관광분야 중의 하나로서 해운산업 중에서도 가장 부가가치가 높은 미래산업으로 인식되어 해운강국을 중심으로 크루즈사업 활성화 움직임이 일고 있으나 세계의 크루즈 산업 현황은 미주와 유럽지역에 거의 편중되어 있고 동북아지역의 크루즈산업은 대표적인 상품이 없는 실정이다. 크루즈산업의 경제 파급 효과는 크루즈 관광산업이 직간접적으로 발생하는 경제적 효과측면과 조선 산업 등 연계산업의 발전에 따른 경제적 효과로 구분될 수 있으며 특히 우리나라의 경우 고부가가치 크루즈선 건조시장 진출효과를 가져올 수 있을 것으로 전망되고 있다. 크루즈산업의 저해요인 및 문제점으로는 1) 크루즈산업에 대한 인식 부족, 2) 크루즈 기반시설 미흡, 3) 크루즈산업에 대한 지원 미흡, 4) 크루즈 관광객의 불편한 입국절차, 5) 고가의 크루즈관광, 6) 크루즈 프로그램 미흡, 7) 태풍 등 기후요인이 있다. 이에 대한 발전방안으로 무엇보다 1) 크루즈 기반시설 확충이 마련되어야 하며, 2) 정부와 민간부문의 협력을 위한 동북아 크루즈 협의체 구성, 3) 크루즈 관련법 및 제도 개선, 4) 크루즈 관광객 입국절차 간소화, 5) 관광상품 개발 및 홍보 등이 필요하다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.29-59
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• 2001

This paper aims to describe port competition in East Asia and the Korean government's port strategy. In doing so, the paper provides an overview of global changes in international trade, the shipping industry and the port business. It also delineates the status of port competition in the region. Particular examples are taken from the competition among the ports of Hong Kong, Singapore, and Malaysia, as well as those of Pusan and Kwangyang, Kaohsiung, Kobe, and Shanghai and Yantian. The port competition in East Asia is reviewed and classified in two groups: north-tier competition among traditional major players, such as Kobe and Pusan, and dark horses such as Shanghai, Kwangyang and perhaps Yokohama; and south-tier competition among the three traditionally big players Kaohsiung, Hong Kong and Singapore, and the relative newcomers of Yantian in China, and Tanjung Pelepas In Malaysia. Due to the enlarging of ships and expansion of port activities, the boundary between the two tier frontiers breakdown, or they may even merge, into one grand frontier, in the foreseeable future. Although it appears that Asian ports are not being very aggressive in preparing for the future of mega-carrier in their plans, it is true that China, Korea and Taiwan are moving full steam ahead in comprehensively developing their container ports on a large scale. It therefore seems to be the perfect time for rival ports to explore a port alliance strategy to fight against the trend toward alliances between of many shipping lines.

• 동북아문화연구
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• 제28권
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• pp.339-363
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• 2011

This thesis examines analyzing how historic knowledge was shaped in museum. Examining by Tokyo Imperial Museum, Government General Museum of Taiwan, Yi Wang Ga Museum, Government General Museum of Chosun, and NanTong Museum of late 19th and early 20th century, tried to find out similarities and differences. These museums are similar in that they adopt museums as modern system considering models of other countries(Europe or Japan) and exhibitions played important roles in gathering relics. Experts who leaded adoption of western civilization played an important role. These experts were conservatives who valued tradition and relics while they aimed for western civilization. It originated in the character of museum system. Historical Knowledge by museums was constituted with five combinations of conceptions which are nationality, locality, coloniality, and artistry. Every museum cannot help having modernity for museum itself is modern system. Modernity was symbolized by museum building of western style in Yi Wang Ga Museum, Government General Museum of Chosun. Tokyo Imperial Museum revealed nationality in that it tried building of imperial history which includes colonies. In early time, Tokyo Imperial Museum pursued modernity and artistry, however it concentrated on artistry than modernity later. We can find locality in that Tokyo Imperial Museum tried to find meaning about Japanese art by relating with natural characteristics. It is Taiwan Governor Museum that extremely expressed coloniality and artistry was not considered. Government General Museum of Chosun could not be exceptions of features of coloniality, but it need to recognize that artistry was focused all over the exhibitions. It was NanTong Museum that most directly expressed locality. Like these, Museums of East Asia established in around 1900 made different historical knowledge by varying weigh of five factors, nationality, locality, modernity, coloniality and artistry.

• ALGAE
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

The taxonomic distinctiveness and cosmopolitan distributions of the red algae $Gelidium$ $crinale$ and $G.$ $pusillum$ remain unclear. Both species were first described in Devon in southwestern England; namely in Ilfracome for $G.$ $crinale$ and Sidmouth for $G.$ $pusillum$. We analyzed mitochondrial $cox$1 and plastid $rbc$L sequences from specimens collected in East Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. In all phylogenetic analyses of $cox$1 and $rbc$L sequences, $G.$ $crinale$ was distinct from congeners of the genus. The analyses also revealed a sister relationship with the $G.$ $coulteri$ and $G.$ $capense$ clade. Nineteen $cox$1 haplotypes were identified for $G.$ $crinale$, and they were likely geographically structured. Despite the distinctiveness in both $cox$1 and $rbc$L datasets, the sister relationship of $G.$ $pusillum$ in the genus was not resolved. Our $cox$1 and $rbc$L datasets indicate that $G.$ $crinale$ is a cosmopolitan species, found in East Asia, Australia, Europe and North America, while the distribution of $G.$ $pusillum$ is restricted to Europe and Atlantic North America. Our results suggest that infraspecific classification of $G.$ $pusillum$ may be abandoned.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

Purpose - Beginning from the formation of the two governments, South and North Korea in 1948, North Korean collective economy as per trade in exchange strategies with right of way employed on heavy and chemical companies, against the external concerned with South Korean selling economy. This study aims to provide solutions for the joint economic prosperity of South and North Korea in the future. Research design, Data, and methodology - This study adopted a qualitative content analysis research method. This research method focuses on themes and concepts that are present in previous literature. This method seeks to derive relationships and meanings by analyzing themes and concepts within existing data. Result - According to qualitative textual analysis, the findings indicate that there are total seven solutions to lead the joint economic prosperity of South and North Korea (Technology Innovation, Energy and Construction, Construction companies and the Gulf market; Oppression via negotiation, Sports and Culture, Agenda-setting and Framing; Competition System). Conclusion - The Korean Government's association strategies outlines tackled in this study are uniform to each other because they are phased, peaceful, regular, and well-designed. But there were situations in which diminutive tenure North Korea approaches was enlisted beyond medium-to-lasting-period union strategies. North Korea should allow a free market whereby its citizens can freely trade among themselves and other people from South Korea.

• 기술사
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2000

This study has been done to make a practical suggestion in figuring out required size of electricity power facility in preparation for reunion of Korean Peninsula, estimated based on capacity increase and demand changes in the past. In making the suggestion, balanced development of South and North Korea Economy, recovery of existing power facilities, and construction of new power facilities were taken into consideration. As an alternatives, study result of power system interconnections in Korean Peninsula and/or in North-East Asia Region, PEACE Network, is suggested with a cooperation scheme of information and communications technology as an extra advantage. Concluded a cooperation of electric power system and information & communications technology in the peninsula is expected to be a great opportunity in developing electric power economy, maintaining clear environment, improving security of power supply in the region, and in reunion of Korean Peninsula and peace in the world.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.177-181
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• 1997

Many countries are trying to develope the sustainable energy and environmental protection through a more concrete international cooperation. In this paper, the necessity and technical & economical feasibility on the interconnection of power systems in the South Korea, North Korea and North East Asia Region are emphasized with reference to the interconnection between the integrated power system according to the reunification of Germany and the Western European Power System. The Germany has a similar experience of separation and disconnection of their power system what happened in the Korean peninsula. Particularly the Power Economics And Clean Environment Network that could contribute to the PEACE promotion. Through the PEACE NETWORK PROJECT, the interconnection of power systems in North-Eastern Asia should be discussed in serious.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.23-48
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• 2018

The Silk Road usually implies a network of trade and communications that stretched from east to west and connected China and the countries of the Far East via Central Asia and the Middle East to the eastern Mediterranean, or through the northern coast of the Caspian Sea and the Volga basin to the Black Sea coast. However, at certain historical stages, a network of maritime and overland routes stretching from north to south, commonly called the Volga-Caspian trade route, also played a significant role in international trade and cultural contacts. The geopolitical realities of the early Middle Ages relating to the relationship of Byzantium, the Sassanid Empire, and the West Turkic Khaganate, the advance of the Arab Caliphate to the north, the spread of Islam in the Volga region, the glories and fall of the Khazar State, and the Scandinavian campaigns in the Caucasus, closely intertwined with the history of transport and communications connecting the north and south through the Volga-Caspian route. In a later era, the interests of the Mongolian Uluses, and then the political and economic aspirations of the Ottoman Empire, the Safavid State, and Russia, collided or combined on these routes. The article discusses trade contacts existing between the north and the south in the 15th and first half of the 17th century along the routes on the western coast of the Caspian Sea.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권7호
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• pp.1129-1134
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• 2008

This paper proposes a reliability evaluation for interconnection planning using a tie line equivalent assisting generator model (TEAG) that considers the uncertainties of the interconnected transmission systems and the tie lines. Development of this model was triggered by the need to perform probabilistic reliability evaluations on the NEAREST (North East Asia Region Electric Systems Tied) interconnection. The TEAG is the basis for the newly developed interconnection systems reliability evaluation computer program, NEAREL. The model is capable of considering uncertainties associated with generators, tie lines, and the tied grids. Reliability evaluations for six interconnection scenarios involving the power systems of six countries in the Asian north eastern region were performed using NEAREL. Sensitivity analysis was used to determine reasonable tie line capacities for three interconnected country scenarios of the six countries. Test results and summarized comments of the scenarios are included in the paper.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.13-48
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• 2019

Purpose - This study is to analyze the monetary indicators and the key macroeconomic indicators and to assess the effectiveness of state regulation on its basis. The analysis of monetary aggregates of Russian Federation, CIS, the countries of leading countries of North-East Asia at the present stage of development. Research design and methodology - The volume of data on Russia was analyzed from the 1995 to the 2018. The data from the 1950 to the 2019 were estimated on China. The data from the 1980 to the 2018 were estimated on Japan. On South Korea - since the 1960 to the 2018. On Republic of Belarus - since the 2003 to the 2018. On Tajikistan - from the 2008 to 2017. On Kazakhstan - from the 1994 to the 2018. On Kyrgyzstan - from the 2002 to the 2018. On Armenia - from the 2003 to the 2018. Results - Hypothesis 1: In Russian Federation, the monetary stock has a stable tendency to grow. The volume of money stock of Russia and the analyzed countries is much determined by external debt, GDP, the export, the import, and the international reserves. Hypothesis 2: The growth of money supply does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of money stock does not always lead to negative consequences. The monetary stock should be commensurate with the macroeconomic indicators of the state. Conclusions - The growth of the monetary stock does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of monetary stock not always lead to negative consequences.