• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2019

Background and Objectives : Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) is valuable to evaluate the innervation status of the laryngeal muscles and the prognosis of vocal fold paralysis (VFP). However, there is a lack of agreement on quantitative interpretation of LEMG. The aim of this study is to measure the motor unit action potentials (MUAP) quantitatively in order to find cut-off values of amplitude, duration, phase for unilateral vocal fold paralysis patients. Materials and Method : Retrospective chart review was performed for the unilateral VFP patients who underwent LEMG from March 2016 to May 2018. Patient's demography, cause of VFP, vocal cord mobility, and LEMG finding were analyzed. The difference between normal and paralyzed vocal folds and cut-off values of duration, amplitude, and phase in MUAP were evaluated. Results : Thirty-six patients were enrolled in this study. Paralyzed vocal fold had significantly longer duration (p=0.021), lower amplitude (p=0.000), and smaller phase (p=0.012) than the normal. The cut-off values of duration, amplitude, and phase in MUAP for unilateral VFP were 5.15 ms, $68.35{\mu}V$, and 1.85 respectively. Conclusion : An analysis of MUAP successfully provided quantitative differences between normal and paralyzed vocal folds. But, additional research is needed to get more available cut-off value which is helpful to evaluate the status of laryngeal innervations.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of semen parameters in samples used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with fertilization and pregnancy rates in infertile couples. Methods: In this prospective study of Infertile couples with male factor infertility that had undergone ICSI, fractions of the same semen samples obtained for microinjection (to ensure the best predictability) were evaluated to determine the semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) on the day of oocyte recovery. Results: In total, 120 couples completed the study and were subdivided into fertilized (n=87) and non-fertilized couples (n=33). The fertilized couples were further classified into pregnant (n=48) and non-pregnant (n=39) couples. Compared to non-fertilized and non-pregnant couples, fertilized and pregnant couples showed statistically significantly higher sperm viability and percentage of normal sperm morphology, as well as significantly lower sperm DFI values. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of data from the 120 ICSI cycles showed that sperm viability, normal sperm morphology percentages, and sperm DFI were significant prognostic indicators of fertilization at cutoff values of 40%, 7%, and 46%, respectively. A sperm DFI of 46% showed sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 90%, respectively, for predicting fertilization, and no clinical pregnancies occurred in couples with a sperm DFI above 46%. Conclusion: Semen parameters from the ICSI day sample, especially sperm viability, normal morphology, and DFI, had an impact on fertilization and pregnancy outcomes in ICSI cycles.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.37.1-37.10
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• 2024

Importance: The portal vein to aorta (PV/Ao) ratio is used to assess the clinical significance of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS). Previous studies using computed tomography (CT) were conducted in dogs but not in cats. Objective: This study aimed to establish normal reference values for PV indices (PV/Ao ratio and PV diameter) in cats and determine the usefulness of these for predicting symptomatic EHPSS. Methods: This study included 95 dogs and 114 cats that underwent abdominal CT. The canine normal (CN) group included dogs without EHPSS. The cats were classified into feline normal (FN, 88/114), feline asymptomatic (FA, 16/114), and feline symptomatic (FS, 10/114) groups. The PV and Ao diameters were measured in axial cross-sections. Results: The group FN had a higher PV/Ao ratio than the group CN (p < 0.001). Within the feline groups, the PV indices were in the order FN > FA > FS (both p < 0.001). The mean PV diameter and PV/Ao ratio for group FN were 5.23±0.77 mm and 1.46±0.19, respectively. The cutoff values between groups FN and FS were 4.115 mm for PV diameter (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 97.7%) and 1.170 for PV/Ao ratio (90%, 92.1%). The cutoff values between group FA and FS were 3.835 mm (90%, 93.8%) and 1.010 (70%, 100%), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: The results demonstrated significant differences in PV indices between dogs and cats. In cats, the PV/Ao ratio demonstrated high diagnostic performance for symptomatic EHPSS. The PV diameter also performed well, in contrast to dogs.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.755-768
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyse the characteristics of Manning's roughness coefficient according to change of discharge by using observed data obtained from a stable gravel-bed river and to investigate the applicability of the relevant existing empirical methods to it. Observed water level and discharge data are used as input data for the USGS computer program NCALC model for calculation of the roughness coefficient. Calculated values are compared with roughness values which are estimated with four widely used methods. The results show that though the empirical methods are able to give similar roughness values only for flood flow, they seem to have rather high uncertainty because of necessity of subjective judgement and differences of resultant values. Roughness coefficients for normal-low flow cannot be estimated from the existing empirical formulae. Especially, using the Manning equation for calculating them should be careful as this provides a wide range of estimated values in normal-low flow. The relations between the roughness coefficient and characteristic size of bed materials are different from them in flood flow even though they have a close relations.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.549-557
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• 2016

Consecutive missing values are likely to occur in long climate data due to system error or defective equipment. Furthermore, it is difficult to impute missing values. However, these complicated problems can be overcame by imputing missing values with reference time series. Reference time series must be composed of similar time series to time series that include missing values. We performed a simulation to compare three missing imputation methods (the adjusted normal ratio method, the regression method and the IDW method) to complete the missing values of time series. A comparison of the three missing imputation methods for the daily mean temperatures at 14 climatological stations indicated that the IDW method was better thanx others at south seaside stations. We also found the regression method was better than others at most stations (except south seaside stations).

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2005

Since the direct normal insolation is a main factor for designing any solar thermal power system, it is necessary to evaluate its characteristics all over the country. We have begun collecting direct normal insolation data since December 1990 at 16 different locations and considerable effort has been made for constructing a standard value from measured data at each station. KIER(Korea Institute of Energy Research's new data will be extensively used by solar thermal concentrating system users or designers as well as by research institutes. From the results, we can conclude that 1) Yearly mean $5.4kWh/m^2/day$ of the direct normal insolation was evaluated for clear day all over 16 areas in Korea. 2) Clear day's direct normal insolation of spring and summer were $5.53kWh/m^2/day$ and $5.84kWh/m^2/day$, and for fall and winter their values were $5.3kWh/m^2/day$ and $4.94kWh/m^2/day$ respectively. So, spring and summer were higher, and fall and winter were lower than the yearly mean value.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.653-657
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• 2007

Since the direct normal insolation is a main factor for designing any solar thermal power system, it is necessary to evaluate its characteristics all over the country. We have begun collecting direct normal insolation data since December 1990 at 16 different locations and considerable effort has been made for constructing a standard value from measured data at each station. KIER(Korea Institute of Energy Research's new data will be extensively used by solar thermal concentrating system users or designers as well as by research institutes. From the results, we can conclude that 1) Yearly mean 5.41kWh/$m^2$/day of the direct normal insolation was evaluated for clear day all over 16 areas in Korea. 2) Clear day's direct normal insolation of spring and summer were 5.54kWh/$m^2$/day and 5.86kWh/$m^2$/day, and for fall and winter their values were 5.32kWh/$m^2$/day and 4.92kWh/$m^2$/day respectively. So, spring and summer were higher, and fall and winter were lower than the yearly mean value.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.209-214
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• 2008

Since the direct normal insolation is a main factor for designing any solar thermal power system, it is necessary to evaluate its characteristics all over the country. We have begun collecting direct normal insolation data since December 1992 at 16 different locations and considerable effort has been made for constructing a standard value from measured data at each station. KIER(Korea Institute of Energy Research)'s new data will be extensively used by solar thermal concentrating system users or designers as well as by research institutes. From the results, we can conclude that 1) Yearly mean 2.67 kWh/$m^2$/day of the direct normal insolation was evaluated for all days all over the 16 areas in Korea. 2) All day's direct normal insolation of spring and summer were 2.91 kWh/$m^2$/day and 2.23 kWh/$m^2$/day, and for fall and winter their values were 2.78 kWh/$m^2$/day and 2.77 kWh/$m^2$/day respectively. So, spring, fall and winter were higher, and summer was lower than the yearly mean value

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.77-87
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• 2012

Images taken by geostationary satellite may be used to estimate solar irradiance fluxes at earth's surface. It is based on the empirical correlation between a satellite derived cloud index and the irradiance at the ground. For the validation, estimated direct normal Insolation is compared with observed direct normal Insolation at 16 sites over the Korean peninsular from January 1982 to December 2010. Estimated direct normal Insolation shows reliable results with average deviation of -5.4 to +5.9% from the measured values and the yearly averaged direct normal Insolation of Korean peninsula was turned out to be 2.93 $kW/m^2/day$.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.208-215
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• 2012

Purpose: We attempt to assess the differences in the degree of lumbar lordosis in patients with lower back pain caused by the herniation of the nucleus pulposus and in normal people (divided into male and female groups). Methods: This study was conducted with 14 patients (7 males, 7 females) diagnosed with, and being treated for, lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus and 14 normal people (7 males, 7 females). In order to examine the degree of lumbar lordosis in these subjects, hip flexor lengthening tests were conducted and the lumbar curves were measured in three postures (supine, sitting, and prone) and the results were compared. Results: The measured values of the curves for the standing and prone postures showed statistically significant differences between the normal group and the patient group, between the normal male group and the male patient group, and between the normal female group and the female patient group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The measurement method that uses flexible curve rulers in the standing or prone postures can be usefully utilized in assessing the lumbar lordosis of patients with lumbar herniation of the nucleus pulposus.