• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2009

Melasma is a common disorder that causes dark colored patches. It generally causes brown spots on the face, especially on the forehead, cheeks, and upper lips. The pattern of patches has bilateral symmetry in yellowish-brown to gray-brown colors. It is much more common in women than in men. Melasma is considered to be caused by environmental and physical constitutional factors and often occurs when a woman's hormone changes by pregnancy or the use of oral contraceptive pills. It is important to combine oriental medicine and Sasang constitutional medicine for treatment of Melasma. Normal treatment of Melasma includes warming oneself, removal of the emotional stress factors, and good nutrition.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.423-426
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• 2013

Females are more often affected by constipation than males, especially during pregnancy, which is related to the menstrual cycle. Although still controversial, alterations of progesterone and estrogen may be responsible. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to determine whether the female sex steroid hormone itself is responsible for development of constipation in both female and male mice. Administration of estrogen resulted in a decrease in weight of accumulated feces on days 2, 3, 4, and 5 in male mice and on day 5 in female mice, compared with the control group, but progesterone administration did not. Administration of estrogen resulted in a decrease in gastrointestinal movement, compared to normal; however, no significant change was observed by administration of progesterone. In conclusion, estrogen, rather than progesterone, may be a detrimental factor of constipation via decreased bowel movement in mice.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.298-307
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• 2001

This study assessed behavioral characteristics of 73 normal neonates in Daegu area using the NBAS. Being one of few studies on this topic, the study is to document and to accumulate data on the neonatal behaviors of Korean babies. Overall scores were at moderate levels in 6 behavioral clusters including Habituation, Social Interactive, Motor System, State Organization, and State Regulation. Autonomic Stability showed relative stableness. Scores of Orientation were higher in neonates of working mothers and rural mothers. Neonates of mothers with no abortion history have higher scores in Motor System and State Organization. Score of State Organization was higher in neonates of mothers with no habitual use of amenity during their pregnancy. Scores of Habituation and State Organization, as well as scores of Motor System with State Organization, State Regulation and Autonomic Stability were positively correlated. Scores of Habituation and State Organization indicate that babies are agreeable and even tameable that is advantageous for attachment to caregiver.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.338-347
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the types of female college students' personality-based contraception behavior. Method: A Q-methodology was used to identify factors in female college students' personality-based contraception behavior. The 32 selected Q-sample from each of 28 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL PC program. Result: Three types of contraception behavior of female college students were identified. Type I is corporate responsibility, Type II is self-protection type, Type III is perceived risk of pregnancy. Conclusion: These results suggest that sexual health education for contraception behavior promotion should focus characteristics influencing on contraception attitudes. Also, efficient contraception should be educated by continuous qualitative research based on contraceptive experiences of college students.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 1994

This study was carried out to produce monozygotic twin calves by transfer of bisected embryos. Four Korean native cattle donors were superovulated with FSH and flushed to collect embryos on day 6 or 7 of the estrus cycle. Morula and early blastocyst embryos showed 1 or 2 grade were bisected with microblade and each set of demi-embryos without zona pellucida were transferred nonsurgically to 10 recipients respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Twenty four demi-embryos (92.3%) were separated from 13 original embryos and among them 20 demi-embryos (83.3%) had normal appearance without severe damage. 2. Four sets of fresh demi-embryos were transferred to 4 recipients and one recipient was twin pregnant 3. Six sets of frozen-thawed demi-embryos were transferred to 6 recipients. Two recipients were pregnant, one of them twin.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.173-183
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• 2015

In obstetrics, cardiotocography is a procedure to record the fetal heartbeat and the uterine contractions usually during the last trimester of pregnancy. It helps to monitor patterns associated with the fetal activity and to detect the pathologies. In this paper, random forest classifier is used to classify normal, suspicious and pathological patterns based on the features extracted from the cardiotocograms. The results showed that random forest classifier can detect these classes successfully with overall classification accuracy of 93.6%. Moreover, important features are identified to reduce the feature space. It is found that using seven important features, similar classification accuracy can be achieved by random forest classifier (93.3%).

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2021

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common hereditary motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy. CMT is usually classified into two categories based on pathology: demyelinating CMT type 1 (CMT1) and axonal CMT type 2 (CMT2) neuropathy. CMT1 can be distinguished by assessing the median motor nerve conduction velocity as greater than 38 m/s. The main clinical features of axonal CMT2 neuropathy are distal muscle weakness and loss of sensory and areflexia. In addition, they showed unusual clinical features, including delayed development, hearing loss, pyramidal signs, vocal cord paralysis, optic atrophy, and abnormal pupillary reactions. Recently, customized treatments for genetic diseases have been developed, and pregnancy diagnosis can enable the birth of a normal child when the causative gene mutation is found in CMT2. Therefore, accurate diagnosis based on genotype/phenotypic correlations is becoming more important. In this review, we describe the latest findings on the phenotypic characteristics of axonal CMT2 neuropathy. We hope that this review will be useful for clinicians in regard to the diagnosis and treatment of CMT.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.73-84
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aims to identify associated factors in female infertility treatment using herbal medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion. Methods: Acupuncture and moxibustion treatments were performed with intake of herbal medicines (Jokyungjongoktanggagam-bang, Sutaehwangagam-bang) for six menstrual cycles in 32 subfertile women. The variables selected for initial analysis were age, duration and type of infertility, frequency of previous In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and live births, weekly frequency of sexual intercourse, number of treatment cycles, endometrial thickness on MCD15 and hormonal parameter (anti-mullerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrone). Results: Six patients became pregnant (18.75%) and seven patients withdrew. Factors influenced pregnancy were age (${\leq}35$ years), a shorter duration of infertility (<6 years), frequency of IVF (${\leq}3$), anti-mullerian hormone level (>1 ng/ml), and number of treatment cycles(${\leq}3$ cycles). Conclusions: Korean medicine is a useful and optimized treatment option for women with younger age, fewer previous IVF cycles, shorter infertile duration and normal anti-mullerian hormone level at first 3 cycles of treatment.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1980

This experiment has been made to evaluate the distribution of OEP-HA titer, protease-HA titer and elastase-HA titer of antibody which are the common antigen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the serum of healthy mother-newborn infant-pairs, term pregnancy women and under 7 month old infants. By analysing the normal limt of these antibodies, it is expected that the result can be clinically applicable to the diagnosis, management and prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, which shows rapid increase nowadays, 1. The Anti OEP-HA titer showed under 1:8, a very low titer, in 73% of cord sera group, but over 1:32 in 68% of mother sera group. 2. In healthy mother-newborn infant-pairs group, the anti OEP-HA titer of mothers showed 1:56, 48, much higher than that of newborn infant, 1:16.42. from which it can be concluded that their titer has no relation between the two. 3. The anti OEP-HA titers of healthy mother and term pregnancy women showed 1:56.5 and 1:53, 4, respectively, which are very similar to each ether, but in infant group, the titer showed 1:33, 51 higher than that of cord sera, 1:16.42 4. The anti protease-HA titer showed under 1:8 in 64-77.5% of total cases, which is lower than that of anti OEP-HA titer. 5. The anti elastase-HA titer showed under 1:8 in 93.75% of cord sera group and in 70.27-76.37% of infant, term perenancy women and mother group, but in infant group, the anti elastase-HA titer showed 1:16.56 higher than that of cord sera group 1:8.5.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2004

Objective : In this study, we aimed to produce basic data on the prenatal environmental risk factors of low birth weight infants at a community level. Methods : In 2000, we conducted the direct interview using questionnaire about prenatal environmental risk factors with low birth weight infant-delivered mothers and normal weight infant-delivered mothers in Asan-city, Chungcheongnamdo Province, Korea. The questionsgiven to the mothers included past pregnancy history, menstrual status, disease history before and during the pregnancy, family history, environmental risk factors and exposure history. The responses of the twogroups were compared to calculate the prenatal environmental risk factors of each group. Results : Mothers' smoking was significantly associated with low birth weight infants (adjusted odds ratio(AOR) 3.27; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-8.56) and preterm baby (AOR 4.20; 95% CI, 1.21-14.61). Other environmental risk factors were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Smoking of mothers can be a risk factor for the delivery of low birth weight infants. These results could provide the basic data on prenatal environmental risk factors of mothers of low birth weight infants and suggest research topics for further community-based evaluation.