• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.12
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• pp.1810-1814
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• 2017

This paper develops an approach to the algorithm of Gait pattern Analysis and step measurement with Multi-Pressure Sensors. The process of gait consists of 8 steps including stance and swing phase. As 3 parts of foot is supporting most of human weight, multiple pressure sensors are attached on the parts of foot: forefoot, big toe, heel. As 3 parts of foot is supporting most of human weight, multiple pressure sensors are attached on the parts of foot: forefoot, big toe, heel. normal gait proceed from heel, forefoot and big toe over time. While normal gait proceeds, values of heel, forefoot and big toe can be changed over time. So Each values of pressure sensors over time could discriminate whether it is normal or abnormal gait. Measuring Device consists of non-inverting amplifiers and low pass filter. Through timetable of values, normal gait pattern can be analyzed, because of supported weight of foot. Also, the peak value of pressure can judge whether it is walking or running. While people are running, insole of shoes is floating in the air on moment. Using this algorithm, gait analysis and step count can be measured.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.435-443
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• 2014

The purposes of this study was to investigate the physical compensation for gait on induced equinus in normal subjects. Ten subjects were participate in the experiment (age: $23.8{\pm}2.8yrs$, height: $177.3{\pm}4.3cm$, weight: $70.8{\pm}4.6kg$). The study method adopted 3D analysis with six cameras and ground reaction force with two force-plate. Induced equinus were classify as gait pattern on unilateral and bilateral equinus. The results were as follows; In displacement of COM, medio-lateral and anterior-posterior COM were no significant, but in vertical COM, unilateral equinus gait was higher than bilateral equinus gait. In displacement hip joint, left hip joint was more extended in FC1 and FC2 during unilateral equinus gait. In displacement knee joint, left knee joint was more extended in FC2, right knee joint was more extended in all event during unilateral equinus gait. In trunk tilt, unilateral equinus gait was more forward tilt in TO1 and TO2. ROM of each joint was no significant. In Displacement of pelvic tilt angle, X axis of unilateral equinus gait was more increase than bilateral equinus gait at FC2, TO2 and MS2. Y axis of unilateral equinus gait was more increase than bilateral equinus gait at MS1, FC2 and MS2. Z axis was no significant in both equinus gait. In GRF, right Fx and Fy were no significant in both equinus gait, Fz was more bigger vertical force in bilateral equinus gait. Left Fx was more bigger internal force in unilateral equinus gait, Fy and Fz were no significant in both equinus gait.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

Objects：The purpose of this study is to investigate the values of foot pressure of the stance phase during a gait cycle in hemiplegic gait. Method：42 patients who had a stroke and 42 healthy adults were evaluated by the RSscan system to analyze the stance phase of hemiplegic gait. The stance phase was evaluated as plantar foor pressure. Results：1) Foot plantar pressure of toe area, affected side and less affected side showed low distribution of the plantar foot pressure which is lower than plantar foot pressure of normal adults(p<0.05). 2) Foot plantar pressure of metatarsal area, showed significantly differences among hemiplesic patient's affected side and less affected side and distribution of plantar foot pressure of normal adults(p<0.05). 3) Foot plantar pressure of heel area, hemiplesic patients' affected side and less affected side showed lower distribution of the plantar foot pressure than plantar foot pressure of normal adults(p<0.05). Conclusion：The results of this study suggest that not only affected side but also less affected side in hemiplegic patients showed significantly differences in distribution of the plantar foot pressure of normal adults.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.577-585
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was to evaluate gait velocity and stance time on 5 conditions in elderly women and elderly women with LBP. The subjects were 70's generation. Methods : The subjects are 20 divided into 2 groups. They measured gait velocity, stance-time. The 5 conditions were normal gait, 10cm obstacle gait, 25cm obstacle gait, dual 10cm obstacle gait, dual 25cm obstacle gait. The experimental period was between 2008/12 and 2009/2. Statistical analysis was used Repeated measurement for difference between conditions, independent t-test for difference in two groups. Subjects were countdown from 50 during dual task gait. Results : The results were as follow: there were significantly difference 10cm obstacle velocity, dual 10cm obstacle velocity in two group. The others were not significantly differences. Velocity and stance-time were significantly difference in control group. In dual 25cm obstacle gait, velocity was difference of normal gait. Stance-time was difference in 25cm obstacle gait, and dual 25cm obstacle gait. In Experimental group, velocity and stance-time were not significantly difference. But measured value of velocity was gradually decreased and stance time was increased. Conclusion : These results indicate that elderly people with LBP women are reduced gait ability in dual task, and obstacle condition. So they need to prevent falling in dual task, and obstacle gait and to train obstacle/dual tak gait.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.136-139
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study will demonstrate that relationship between scoliosis and gait factor and foot weight bearing in ambulation. Methods: Subjects were 40 elementary students. A normal control group consisted of a total of 20 children without any known musculoskeletal disorders and an AIS group of 20 children with mild AIS (defined by a Cobb angle between 10 and $25^{\circ}$) were recruited. Measurements were scoliometer screening test, Cobb angle, gait parameter (rate of swing/stance phase, gait velosity), foot weight bearing (entire, fore, hind). Results: Scoliometer screening test (P = 0.000) and X-ray Cobb angle (P = 0.000) significant difference of group which was significantly higher in the AIS group. Gait parameter not showed significant difference. Forefoot weight bearing was significantly higher in the AIS group than more normal group. Conclusion: It seems that the results of weight bearing analysis in ambulation may be used in modifying rehabilitation programs for individual needs of patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 1991

Gait analysis techniques are widely used in Europe and the United States to investigate the loosening problems of total joint implantation and to improve the technologies in designing prosthetic devices. In Korea, however, the gait data are rarely found. Recently, as the standards of living become improved, the number of lower extremity operation patients increase rapidly. Therefore, a study on the gait characteristic parameters for Koreans is of great importance. In this study, time-distance gait parameters and ground reaction fore are analyzed using a FOANAS system developed by Pohang Institute of Science and technology (POSTECH). Gait parameters of Korean normal adults were preceded and comparisons were made for the distinction of sex and age.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.33-39
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• 2011

Background : The purpose of this study was to apply cervical orthosis for temporal parameters of gait was to evaluate the effect. Methods : Seven normal adults participated in this study. Before and after applying a cervical orthosis compared to gait. Outcome measure were: general characteristics, temporal parameters of gait. General chacteristics included age, gender, height, weight. Temporal parameters included the Velocity cycle, Stride length, Step length, Cadence cycle, Initial double support time. Temporal parameters of gait, using the motion analysis system for cervical orthosis were evaluated before and after applying. The data was analyzed using SPSS 12.0 software and the Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test. Results : Velocity cycle and Step length were no significant differences(p>0.05). But Stride length, Cadence cycle, Initial double support time were significant(p<0.05). After apply Cervical orthosis in gait, Stride length and Initial double support time was decreased and Cadence cycle was increased. Conclusion : Changes in temporal of temporal parameters of gait was apply a cervical orthosis with the limitations of vision due to take effect. Therefore, Cervical orthosis does not interfere with the normal gait pattern by limiting the Range of Motion so that we consider to apply.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2009

In this study, we would be developed the fuzzy controlled PGO that controlled the flexion and the extension of each PGO's hip joint using the bio-signal and FSR sensor. The PGO driving system is to couple the right and left sides of the orthosis by specially designed hip joints and pelvic section. This driving system consists of the orthosis, sensor, control system. An air supply system of muscle is composed of an air compressor, 2-way solenoid valve (MAC, USA), accumulator, pressure sensor. Role of this system provide air muscle with the compressed air at hip joint constantly. According to output signal of EMG sensor and foot sensor, air muscles and assists the flexion of hip joint during PGO gait. As a results, the maximum hip flexion angles of RGO's gait and PGO's gait were about $16^{\circ}\;and\;57^{\circ}$ respectively. The maximum angle of flexion/extention in hip joint of the patients during RGO's gait are smaller than normal gait, because of the step length of them shoes a little bit. But maximum angle of flexion/extention in hip joint of the patients during PGO's gait are larger than normal gait.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of force of ipsilateral versus contralateral cane usage on knee moments in healthy young adults. Methods: A convenience sample of 10 subjects volunteered for this study. Subjects walked over a force plate under three different conditions; unaided and ipsilateral cane and contralateral cane. Analysis of data on moment of the knee joint and ground reaction force was performed using the OrthoTrak program. Results: Flexion moment of the knee was decreased with the contralateral cane, but increased with the ipsilateral cane compared with normal gait. Extension moment of the knee was decreased with the contralateral cane compared with normal gait(p<0.05) and it was showed a greater decrease with the contralateral cane than with the ipsilateral cane gait(p=0.00). Valgus moment of the knee joint was increased with the ipsilateral cane but decreased with the contralateral cane. Vertical ground peak force was decreased with the ipsilateral cane compared with normal gait (p<0.05). Conclusion: The following conclusions were drawn from our data. Contralateral cane gait is more efficacious for persons with weakness of knee extensors, however, for a patient with varus deformity, the cane should be used in the ipsilateral hand.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.183-207
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the temporo-spatial gait characteristics of healthy elderly people with those osteoarthritis patients. 100 patients reported knee osteoarthritis, diagnosed at the hospital or clinic located in Daegu and Kyungbuk province and 100 normal elderly subjects were participated in this study. Temporal and spatial parameters of gait were analysed for using the computerized GAITRite system. The system integrates specific components of locomotions to provide a single, numerical representation of gait, the Functional Ambulation Performance score. Differences in gait characteristics between the two groups were examined using a correlated t-test and Pearson Correlation(p<.05). Significant differences were observed between the groups for temporal parameters(step time, double support time, stance phase, mean velocity) and spatial parameters(step length, step/extremity ratio)(p<.05). Also there was difference in the functional ambulation performance score between normal elderly subjects and knee osteoarthritis patients(p<.05). Consequently, it may help detect the abnormal gait pattern indicated the main problem in degenerative knee osteoarthritis patients as well as provide data analysing the pathokinesiologic components by comparing normal elderly.