• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.675-688
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the body type characteristics of tall adult men aged 20 to 69 years to present base material on body dimensions for men's clothing companies. The research method comprised statistical analysis of 3D measurements after selecting items from the 8th Korean human body size survey related to the torso body types of 495 adult men who were at least 178cm tall. As a result, six factors were extracted, and the total explanatory variable of the entire factor was shown to be 80.499%. As a result of cluster analysis using this as an independent variable, three types were derived: Type 1, "a normal body type with an oval cross-sectional shape" (37.6%), with a larger vertical size and an oval chest cross-sectional shape compared to other types; Type 2: a "cylindrical thick body shape" (31.1%), which is the first stage of BMI obesity, with narrow shoulders and a cylindrical shape with a round cross-section; Type 3, "a body shape with broad shoulders and developed chest parts" (31.3%), with a horizontal size similar to Type 2 above the waist, but similar to Type 1 below. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for a clothing dimension system and clothing development for tall men reflecting the characteristics of the torso.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.237-245
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics for cohesion in the narratives of fluent aphasics. Ten fluent aphasics and ten normal adults matched chronological-age and education level with aphasics participated in this study. Story retelling task was given to the participants individually. And all narratives they produced were recorded and transcribed for analysis. The frequency of cohesive markers and the rate of accuracy were analyzed. The result were as follows; (1) The fluent aphasics used cohesive devices significantly less than the normal adult group, and the rate of accuracy of cohesive devices used was lower than the normal adults. (2) Both groups used lexical cohesion more than pro-forms and ellipsis, and the difference of two groups was larger in lexical cohesion than pro-forms and ellipsis. (3) The fluent aphasics used lexical cohesion more accurately than pro-forms and ellipsis but the normal adults used all three cohesive markers accurately. The difference of two groups was large in pro-forms and ellipsis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.43-53
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• 1991

It is important to harmonize the occlusion with TMJ and neuromuscular system. However, clinically, how to harmonize is very difficult. The mandibular movement is the motion in which all component part of stomatognathic system participate. This study was performed to compare mandibular movement of mandibular prognathic patients group with that of normal group, to ascertain which components of mandibular movement have differences between two groups, and to use for occlusal treatment of mandibular movement. Thirteen adult who have physiologically normal occlusion and are free of TMJ dysfunction were selected as a control group(Group 1). Eight adult who are mandibular prognathic patient and have more than four anterior teeth crossbite, therefore have not anterior guidance function and have posterior interference at protrusion were selected as a experimental group(Group 2). Electronic pantograph, Denar Pantronic (Denar Corp., U.SA.), was used to record mandibular movement. Pantronic survey was performed by using an arbitrary hinge axis according to manufacturer's direction. Of the Pantronic recordings, immediate side shift (ISS), progressive side shift (PSS), orbiting condylar path (ORB), protrusive condylar path (PRO) between two groups were compared and analysed. The results were as follows: 1. The average protrusive and orbiting condylar inclination of mandibular prognathic patient$(28.44^{\circ},\;36.94^{\circ})$ was significantly lower than those of normal group$(40.15^{\circ},\;48.00^{\circ})$ (P<0.01). 2. There was no statistically significant difference between .the average immediate and progressive side shift of mandibular prognathic patient $(0.37mm,\;6.19^{\circ})$ and those of normal group$(0.52mm.\;5.96^{\circ})$ (P>0.01). 3. The significant correlation was found between orbiting condylar inclination and protrusive condylar inclination.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.241-250
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• 1987

We scrutinized the preoperative electrocardiographic and hemodynamic findings in adult atrial septal defects older than 15 years, and then followed up the postoperative electrocardiographic changes sequentially. In preoperative electrocardiographs, the mean PR interval [0.17 sec] was prolonged than normal adults [M;0.13,F;0.15], and the mean QRS axis [93.1*] was deviated to rightward than normal [M;63.7*,F;64.4*], and 122 cases of all 159 patients [77.8%] were in RAD quadrant. The QRS morphology was classified into three groups; a] crista supraventricularis hypertrophy, 25 cases, b] right ventricular outflow tract hypertrophy, 89 cases, c] right ventricular hypertrophy, 44 cases, and normal rs pattern, 1 case. Comparing the QP/QS, Pp/Ps, Rp/Rs in these three groups, Qp/Qs increased a] 2.65 to b] 2.97 and decreased b] 2.97 to c] 2.55, Pp/Ps increased a] 0.27 to b] 0.35 to c] 0.44, and Rp/Rs increased a] 0.1 to b] 0.14 to c] 0.2. In comparing the atrial fibrillation with sinus rhythm, the patient`s mean age was increased [26.4 to 45.7], the mean Qp/Qs was decreased [2.97 to 2.7], the mean Pp/Ps was increased [0.35 to 0.46], the mean Rp/Rs increased [0.14 to 0.2], and the QRS morphology was RVOT hypertrophy;7 cases, RVH;2 cases in all 11 cases. Therefore, the atrial fibrillation was appeared in progressed status. Increasing the mean pulmonary arterial pressure, size of the R` wave in Vl lead increased, and the QRS morphology tended to become severe patterns. Postoperatively, the PR interval shortened and QRS axis tended to normal axis quadrant, and size of R` wave decreased sequentially, atrial fibrillation disappeared in 4 cases. Conclusively, by use of the conventional surface electrocardiography, we could anticipate the hemodynamic changes and the prognosis at outpatient department.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.1 s.66
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• pp.137-151
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• 2007

This study was performed to narrow down the Sizing System for Female Adult's garments(KS K 0051) following age target and body shapes. The study was based on the sizing system and the anthropometric measurements, called Size-Korea, which were surveyed in the years 2003 and 2004. At first, the subjects of the survey were classified into 4 age groups, $18{\sim}24,\;25{\sim}34,\;35{\sim}49\;and\;50{\sim}59$, based on the most significant differences of body sizes. Secondly, the ranges of four key dimensions - height, bust, waist and hip-of normal sizes were identified through analyzing Rohrer index and percentile. The selected sizes within the ranges were grouped by the drop which was the subtraction of bust girth from hip girth. In conclusion, there was the most frequent drop for each age group; 9cm drop for the $18{\sim}24$ years old group, the 6cm drop for the $25{\sim}34$ years old and $35{\sim}49$ years old and 3cm drop for $50{\sim}59$ years old. The upper body garment sizes of the same drop and target ages could be merged to 10 to 12 sizes, which were remarkably smaller than the Female Adult garment sizing system, and further to 2-5 sizes, considering the percentile importance. However, $50{\sim}59$ years old group needed to be analyzed in different ways, because the number of subjects of normal size in the age decreased rapidly, that the normal sizes for them were very limited. In addition, the reference body sizes of each garment size were apparently different when they were compared to each age groups. These basic data for garment size specification could be usefully adapted for the apparel companies' own sizing system according to their age target and body shapes, to achieve efficient production and better fit.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the adult attachment style characteristics of mothers with selective mutism children and their relations to selective mutism. Methods :The subjects of this study were 15 mothers with selective mutism children who were diagnosed by DSM-IV criteria at psychiatry outpatient department of Kyungpook National University Hospital from March 1998 to February 2005. The controls of this study were 30 mothers with normal children who are in the second grade of elementary school in Daegu. We assessed the adult attachment style characteristics of these mothers by Revised Adult Attachment Scale, and Reciprocal Attachment Questionnaire-Korean version, self-report attachment style questionnaire. Results : 1) On the self-report attachment style questionnaire, it revealed that mothers with selective mutism children had both of the secure and the dismissing-avoidant types predominantly and the tendency that mothers with selective mutism children more commonly had dismissing-avoidant type than controls did. 2) On the comparison of attachment quality of mothers, although only the anxiety subscale difference was significant, it revealed that mothers with selective mutism children had generally lower score pattern in all of closeness, dependence and anxiety subscale than controls did. It was consistent with the consequence of self-report attachment style questionnaire in this study. Conclusion : This study showed that the distribution of adult attachment style of mothers with selective mutism children was different from those of controls. The dismissing-avoidant attachment style was predominant in mothers with selective mutism children. we suppose the possibility that the dismissing-avoidant attachment style of mothers with selective mutism children has relation with selective mutism.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2015

This study classified the types of adult male shoulders through criteria which represent the characteristic of male shoulders important to jacket patterns. We selected 39 measurement items to provide information about Size Korea (2010) 3D bodice measurements. Collected data were processed with SPSS 20 for windows. Participants in the study were 1055 adult males, aged 20-60 divided into three age groups of 20-30, 40-50 and 60. Statistical tests (such as descriptive analysis and F-test) analyzed the data and ascertained the differences in ages. In a factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted for the classification of shoulder type's adult males. The factor analysis indicates 6 factors with 82.4% of total variance. The shoulder types for adult male were divided into 3 groups, flat shoulder (14.1%), normal shoulder (72%), and slope shoulder (13.8%). A total of 19.9% of 20-30 was included in the slope shoulder type, 15.8% of 40-50 was included in the flat shoulder type and 16.1% of 60 was included in the flat shoulder type. This study classified the type of male shoulder through criteria that represent the characteristics of elderly male shoulder to neck base circumference, shoulder angle and shoulder type. The follow-up study will proceed with elderly male neck and various measurement items around the shoulder.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 1984

During the past six years from July 1977 to June 1983, fifteen adult patients of patent ductus arteriosus were surgically treated. The results were as follows: 1. Of the 15 patients, their age range was 17 to 34 years with a mean of 24 years, and sexual predominance was women [9. cf. 6 men]. 2. The most common symptom showed exertional dyspnea, and 10 patients were classed in NYHA class II, the rest were all class III. 3. On physical examination, all patients were auscultated continuous murmur, but concomitantly diastolic murmur was noted apical region in 2 patients. 4. On roentgenogram of chest, normal finding was 3 patients, and the other patients were revealed the evidence of pulmonary congestion. 5. The electrocardiogram was normal in 6 patients, but LVH was seen in 5, and 2 patients were LVH+ LAH. 6. Cardiac catheterization was performed in 12, and mean value of SO2[LPA-RV] was 6.3%, Q/Q 2.09, peak systolic pulmonary arterial pressure 45.3 mmHg, and Rp/Rs 0.365. 7. All operations were carried out by posterolateral thoracotomy. In 6 patients, division and suture of ductus were possible, the other patients were treated by division and ligation with heavy silk or Dacron patch. 8. Postoperative complications were hoarseness, persistent murmur, reoperation for bleeding, and atelectasis. Early and late mortality was 20% [3 patients], and cause of death was mainly aneurysmal rupture of previous operative site.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.129-130
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• 1994

The science of toxicology is the understanding of the mechanisms by which exogenous agents produce deleterious effects in biological systems. The actions of chemicals such as drugs are ultimately exerted at the cellular and gene levels. Over the past decade. several in vitro alternative methods such as cultured cells for assessing the toxicity of various xenobiotics have been proposed to reduce the use of animals. In this workshop three advanced methods will be presented. These methods are novel important models for toxicologic studies. Dr. Tabuchis group has establishcd two immortalized gastric surface mucosa cell lines from the pminary cultore of gastric fundic mucosal cells of adult transgenic mice harboring a temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large T-anugen gene. As the immortalized cell lines of various tissues possess unique characteristics to maintain their normal functions for several months, these cell lines are extremely useful for not only toxicity testing but also pharmacological screening in new drug development. Professor Funatsu have studied the formation of spherical multicelluar aggregates of adult rat hepatocytes(spheroid) having tissue like structure. The sphcroid shown thre is a prototype module of an artificial liver support system. Thus, the urea synthesis activity of the artificial liver was maintained at least to days in 100％ rat blood plasma. Dr. Takezawa and his coworkers have developed a novel culture system of multicellular spheroids considered 〃organoids〃 by utilizing a thermo-responsive polymer as a substratum of anchorage dependent cells. His final goal is to reconstitute the organoids of various normal organs, e.g., liver, skin etc. and also abnormal deseased organs such as tumor.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2005

Though many insecticides are commercially available, development of resistance, pest resurgence and effects on non-target organisms led to the search for alternate insect pest management (IPM) strategy based on larval growth and reproductive fitness. Reproductive potential of insects depends on its acquiring of vitellogenic competence which is under hormonal control. Exogenous application of analogues of JR (JHAs) and ecdysterone could derail normal development and reproduction in insects by manipulating an array of physiological processes. In the rice pest, brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, JHA, hydroprene induced metathetely from the fifth (final) instar nymphs in an age-dependent manner. Day 0 of the final instar showed highest sensitivity to induce this abnormal development. Adults emerged from treated day 3 nymphs looked normal. Both the morphotypes were reproductively incompetent and showed partial to complete sterility. Pre-adult exposure of the ovarian tissue to hydroprene suppressed mitotic division of germinal cells and induced abnormalities in the later s1ages of growth and differentiation of ovary in N. lugens. More over the nymphal exposure to hydroprene inhibited patency changes of follicular epithelium and affected competence of the follicles for yolk sequestration. In the absence of ovarian growth and oocyte differentiation, germarium found disintegrated, trophic core regressed and terminal oocytes resorbed. Hydroprene exposure to newly ecdysed brachypterous females did not affect ovarian development and egg production. Proper larval-adult transition appeared as a. prerequisite for vitellogenic competence in N. lugens for which the ovarian tissues must be exposed to ecdysterone in the internal milieu devoid of JH.