• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 1979

한국 연안에서는 연간 5~8만m/t정도의 멸치가 어획되고 있으나 주 어장은 경남 일원을 중심으로 남해안이다. 따라서 남해안의 어황변동을 예보할 수 있으면서 어업경영의 합리화에 크게 이바지 할 수 있을 것이고, 그에 따라 황멸치의 수급 계획 수립에도 크게 도움이 될 것이다. 여기서 먼저 1971~77년 7년간의 수온, 부유생물, 강수량과 열수지를 조사, 계산하고 그 해 봄철의 강수량을 조사하면 그 해의해황이 예측될 수 있고 그에 따라 멸치의 어황도 예보할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.959-969
• /
• 2018

This study investigated the effects of deep freezing and storage temperature ($-50^{\circ}C$, $-60^{\circ}C$, and $-80^{\circ}C$) on the quality and freshness of lamb. To compare the qualities of deep frozen and stored lamb, fresh control and normal freezing conditions ($-18^{\circ}C$) were adopted. As quality and freshness parameters, drip loss (thawing loss and cooking loss), water-holding capacity (WHC), texture profile analysis (TPA), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) were evaluated during 5 months of storage. Temperature influenced the drip loss and WHC, and deep freezing minimized the moisture loss during frozen storage compared to the normal freezing condition. Lamb frozen and stored at deep freezing temperature showed better tenderness than that stored in normal freezing conditions. In particular, lamb frozen at lower than $-60^{\circ}C$ exhibited fresh lamb-like tenderness. Regardless of temperature, evidence of lipid oxidation was not found in any frozen lamb after 5 months, while TVBN was dependent on the applied temperature. Therefore, this study demonstrated that deep freezing could potentially be used to maintain freshness of lamb for 5 months. From the quality and economic aspects, the freezing and storage condition of $-60^{\circ}C$ is estimated as the optimum condition for frozen lamb.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.897-906
• /
• 2007

Effect of seawater temperature (temperature) on the production of anchovy, Engraulis japonica and laver, Porphyra tenera Kjellman, were investigated in the eastern part of South Sea of Korea (ESS). Bimonthly temperature data (Feb., Apr., Jun., Aug., Oct., Dec.) from 1980 to 2002 were collected from Korean Oceanographic Data Center (KODC) and monthly anchovy catch and laver production from 1980 to 2002 were used from published sources by the Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries, Korea. Effects of temperature on the two organisms were examined in four cases. In case of lower anchovy catch and higher laver production (1993), temperature during main spawning season of anchovy was about $0.2-0.6^{\circ}C$ lower than normal condition, and temperature during seed collecting season of laver in Namhaedo, Kojedo went down below $22.0^{\circ}C$. In case of higher anchovy catch and higher laver production (1995), optimum temperature for catch was formed in main fishing ground, temperature for seed collection was lower than $22.0^{\circ}C$, In case of lower anchovy catch and lower laver production (1996), temperature for spawning and catch was about $0.6-1.6^{\circ}C$ lower than normal condition, and temperature during seed collection in nursery was about $0.5-1.0^{\circ}C$ higher than optimum temperature for seed collection. In case of higher anchovy catch and lower laver production (1998), temperature during main fishing and spawning season was about $1.0-1.8^{\circ}C$ higher than normal condition, and temperature during laver seed collection in nursery was $1.5^{\circ}C$ higher than optimum temperature for seed collection.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.481-490
• /
• 2010

Baekgog reservoir is located in Jincheon county, Chungbuk province, of which full water levels will be heightened from EL. 100.1 m to EL. 102.1 m, and total storages from 21.75 $Mm^3$ to 26.67 $Mm^3$. The simulation for reservoir inflow was conducted by DAWAST model. The annual average irrigation water was estimated to 33.19 $Mm^3$ supplied to 2,975 ha and the instream flows could be allocated with 0.14 mm/d from October to April with annual average of 2.52 $Mm^3$. The operation rule curve was drawn using inflow, irrigation, and instream flow requirements data. The reservoir water storage was simulated on a daily basis in case of both normal and withdrawal limit operation. In case of normal operation, the annual average irrigation water supply increased from 31.95 $Mm^3$ to 33.32 $Mm^3$, the instream water supply from 2.40 $Mm^3$ to 2.44 $Mm^3$, the water storages from 15.74 $Mm^3$ to 19.88 $Mm^3$, and the water supply reliability from 77.3 % to 81.6 %. In case of operation with withdrawal limit, the amount of instream water supply was 2.52 $Mm^3$ from reservoir regardless of the condition while the water storage increased from 16.77 $Mm^3$ to 20.65 $Mm^3$. The irrigation water supply capacity was appropriate for the case of normal operation with 2 m heightened condition. The present instream water supply capacity was 35,000 $m^3$/d (6.86 $Mm^3$/y) while 42,000 $m^3$/d (8.36 $Mm^3$/y) in 2 m heightened condition in case of withdrawal limit operation.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.66-74
• /
• 2007

The aim of the present study was to investigate age-related differences in stepping behavior in response to sensory perturbations of postural balance. The participants for this study were 2 healthy elderly adults (mean age=76.0) and 2 younger adults (mean age=25.5). Subjects were asked to step over a 10 cm high obstacle at self-paced speed with the right limb to land on the primary target (normal step length) that is 10 cm in diameter. However, if, during movement, the light was illuminated, then the subject had to step on the secondary target (long step length). It was planned that the onset of the light would be prior to peak Fx of swing limb, between swing peak Fx and swing toe-off, and after swing toe-off. In the younger adults these secondary visual cues were provided at mean times of 240 ms (standard deviation (SD)=11), 402 ms (SD=13), and 476 ms (SD=88) following the movement onset. Corresponding mean times for the healthy elderly were 150 ms (SD=67), 352 ms (SD=39), and 562 ms (SD=115). Results showed great changes in both group and visual cue condition in Fx ground reaction forces and temporal events following the swing toe-off. Swing limb acceleration force (Fx) and stance peak Fx1 was much greater in the young adults compared to the older adults. Both young and older adults increased stance peak Fx2 in the visual cue condition compared to normal stepping. There was no difference in stance peak Fx2 between the visual cue conditions in both groups. Similarly, the time to stance peak Fx2 was much longer for the visual cue condition than for the normal stepping. It was not different between the visual cue conditions in the young adults, but in the elderly mid and late cue was much greater than early cue. In addition, time to stance peak Fx2 and swing and stance time were much longer in the older adults compared to the young adults for the visual cue conditions. These results suggest that unlike young adults, elderly adults did not flexibly modify their responses to unexpected changes in step length while stepping over obstacles.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.545-549
• /
• 2005

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is one of the most important bacterium used in bioleaching, and can utilize $Fe^{2+}$ or sulphide as energy source. Growth curves for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans under phosphate starvation and normal condition have been tested, showing lag, logarithmic, stationary and aging phases as seen in other bacteria. The logarithmic phases were from 10 to 32 hours for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cultivated with normal cultivating condition and from 20 to 60 hrs for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cultivated phosphate starvation. Differences of protein patterns of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans growing in case of normal or phosphate starvation were separately investigated after cultivation at $30^{\circ}C$ by the analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-Mass spectrometry. There were total 6 protein spots identified, which were Recombination protein recA, RNA helicase, AP2 domain-containing transcription factor, NADH dehydrogenase I chain D, Hyothetical protein PF1669, and Transaldolase STY3758. From the 6 identified protein spots, 3 proteins were found to be decreased in expression at the cultivating condition of phosphate starvation, while another three upregulated.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제36권10호
• /
• pp.1013-1021
• /
• 2003

Anemia, the condition of the diminished concentration of hemoglobin per erythrocyte is common in patients with cancer and is a frequent complication of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Cham-Dang-Gui (Angelicae Gigantis Radix) has been used in traditional Korean medicine to treat hematologic deficiencies. In this study, Cyclophosphamide (CYP), an alkylating agent that has a broad spectrum of anti-cancer activities, was intraperitoneally injected into the experimental animals to suppress the bone marrow thereafter, causing anemia. The hemopoietic effects of Cham-Dang-Gui were examined using anemic rat model. Rats were divided into five groups: CON (control group), ANS (CYP-injected + normal diet), AND (CYP-injected + normal diet + Cham-Dang-Gui), ALS (CYP-injected + low iron diet), and ALD (CYP-injected + low iron diet + Cham- Dang-Gui) groups. CYP (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected to rats for 3 days to induce anemic condition. Saline or Cham-Dang-Gui was administrated orally during the entire experimental period. CYP injection decreased body weight gain and food consumption in comparison with CON group. Oral administration of Cham-Dang-Gui extract with normal iron diet significantly prevented the lower body weight gain. The blood level of hemoglobin, iron status (serum iron, transferrin, ferritin and TIBC) and blood level of vitamin B-12 in Cham-Dang-Gui treated groups were significantly higher than those of Cham-Dang-Gui untreated groups regardless of amount of iron in the diet. Taken together, it could be concluded that the Cham-Dang-Gui extract could improve anemic condition induced by CYP injection by improving hematological value, iron status and vitamin B12 status in rats.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.571-578
• /
• 2018

노후된 배관은 예기치 못한 누수나 균열을 발생시킨다. 이를 방치하거나 늦게 대응하면 지속적인 가스자원, 수자원 등의 막대한 손실을 발생시킨다. 본 논문에서는 배관의 결함을 검출하기 위해 음향방출 신호를 사용하는 배관 조기 결함 검출 방법과 진단 알고리즘을 제안한다. 배관의 결함으로 인해 변형이 생길 경우 배관의 고유진동수가 변화하므로 이를 관찰함으로써 배관의 이상 유무를 판단할 수 있다. 배관 조기결함 검출 방법은 정상상태의 스펙트럼과 취득된 신호의 스펙트럼을 주파수 성분의 크기에 대해 비교함으로써 배관의 결함 유무를 판단한다. 배관 조기 결함 진단 알고리즘은 정상상태와 결함상태를 기계학습 알고리즘인 서포트 벡터 머신(SVM)으로 학습하고 실제 취득된 배관 음향방출 신호를 입력하여 배관 상태를 진단한다. 실험에서는 제작된 배관 테스트베드를 사용하여 정상상태, 5mm 균열 상태, 10mm 균열 및 파공 상태를 가공하여 제안 방법을 테스트하였다. 실험 결과에서는 제안한 검출 방법 및 진단 알고리즘의 배관 조기 결함 검출 성능의 우수성을 검증하였다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제54권3호
• /
• pp.165-169
• /
• 2014

The present study compared leptin, adiponectin, and thyroid hormone concentrations in normal and obese dogs, and evaluated the association between leptin and adiponectin concentrations and thyroid function. The serum leptin, adiponectin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (tT4), free thyroxine (fT4), triiodothyronine (T3), and cortisol concentrations were measured in 18 normal dogs (body condition score [BCS]: 4-5/9) and 16 obese dogs (BCS: 8-9/9). Leptin and T3 concentrations were higher in the obese group than the normal weight group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). In both groups, the T3 and leptin concentrations were correlated (r = 0.370, p < 0.05), as were the TSH and fT4 and adiponectin concentrations (r = -0.373, p < 0.05 and r = 0.369, p < 0.05, respectively). In the normal weight group, the TSH and fT4 concentrations were correlated with the adiponectin concentrations (r = -0.528, p < 0.05 and r = 0.482, p < 0.05, respectively). The results of the present study suggest that leptin and T3 concentrations are significantly higher in obese dogs than normal weight dogs, and the serum T3 and leptin concentrations are positively correlated.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.689-700
• /
• 2017

This paper presents an effective approach for wind turbine (WT) condition assessment based on the data collected from wind farm supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Three types of assessment indices are determined based on the monitoring parameters obtained from the SCADA system. Neural Networks (NNs) are used to establish prediction models for the assessment indices that are dependent on environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and wind speed. An abnormal level index (ALI) is defined to quantify the abnormal level of the proposed indices. Prediction errors of the prediction models follow a normal distribution. Thus, the ALIs can be calculated based on the probability density function of normal distribution. For other assessment indices, the ALIs are calculated by the nonparametric estimation based cumulative probability density function. A Back-Propagation NN (BPNN) algorithm is used for the overall WT condition assessment. The inputs to the BPNN are the ALIs of the proposed indices. The network structure and the number of nodes in the hidden layer are carefully chosen when the BPNN model is being trained. The condition assessment method has been used for real 1.5 MW WTs with doubly fed induction generators. Results show that the proposed assessment method could effectively predict the change of operating conditions prior to fault occurrences and provide early alarming of the developing faults of WTs.