• Applied Microscopy
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2013

The leopard danio, Danio rerio var. frankei is a spotted color morph of the zebrafish, Danio rerio caused by a pigment mutation. The structural differences of fertilized egg and egg envelope are poorly documented. To clarify this, we compared the fertilized egg morphology and ultrastructures of surface structures, the micropyle and the cross section of fertilized egg envelopes of zebrafish and leopard danio, variation species of zebrafish using a light and electron microscopes. Although the fertilized egg sizes were different, the external shapes of the fertilized eggs of two species couldn't be differentiated under the light microscope. The characteristics of fertilized eggs, such as a spherical shape, a non-adhesive quality and a large perivitelline space, were shown to be related to spawning habit. In ultrastructure of fertilized egg envelope, there is no morphological difference of micropyle between two species. By contrast, the ultrastructure and the numbers of knob-like structures and semihemisphere-like structures per unit area on the outer surface, and the number of lamellae of inner layer on the fertilized egg envelope section displayed definite species specificity. Collectively, our data indicate that the ultrastructure of fertilized egg envelope in the zebrafish could be differentiated by species variation.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.851-856
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• 1994

Compatibility and viscoelasticity in non-solvent type pressure sensitive adhesive of styrene-isoprene-styreno(SIS) block copolymer with tackifier resin were investigated. In the isoprene phase of SIS block copolymer, it was found that it's compatibility with $C^5$ petroleum resin was good, but that with Coumarone-indents resin was not so good. The magnitudes of peel strength, tack, and holding power were as follows : $C^5$ petroleum resin>rosin ester resin>coumarone-indene resin. The tackifier resin with good compatibility in rubber phase was also effective. However, with plateau modulus value of $1{\times}10^6-3{\times}10^6dyn/cm^2$, the effect of pressure sensitive adhesives was excellent.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.37-43
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• 2013

This study was focused on applying a new paper coating binder, vinyl acetate-ethylene(VAE) emulsion, with SB-latex and acrylic emulsion for paper coating application. VAE emulsion has a low monomer cost and is non-toxic chemical than conventional adhesive for paper coating such as styrene-butadiene latex( SB-latex) and acrylic emulsion. We conducted double coating in order to test VAE emulsion, which was applied on top surface only. The results showed that optical properties of the coated paper with VAE were similar with the SB-latex binders. In case of bonding strength, dry-pick of the coated paper with VAE showed almost same with other binders while wet-pick of the coated paper with VAE had a little bit lower strength than that with SB-latex.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.2061-2068
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• 1993

Condition monitoring technology is of great importance for the maintenance of complex machinery in view of its early monitoring of the abnormal condition and the protection against failure. Several methods have been used for the detection of failure of journal bearings, one of the main elements of mechanical system. The methods most frequently used are vibration and temperature monitoring, but these are unable to monitor the wear conditions exactly. In this study, an ultrasonic measument method, one of the non-destructive testing methods, was introduced as the monitoring technology. Furtermore a pattem recognition method was applied to analyze the ultrasonic signal. The monitoring system using the pattern recognition method is composed of digital signal processing units and uses Hamming net algorithm for the recognition of ultrasonic waves. From the journal bearing wear test, the occurrence of adhesive wear of the white metal in rubbing contact with the shaft was exactly detected by this system, and the wear status of the journal bearing was monitored by measuring the wear thickness.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

The recent spotlight on electronic touch-screen display, a rapid breakthrough in the information society is evolving. Touch panel input device such as a keyboard or mouse without the use of, the on-screen character or a specific location or object on the person's hand touches a particular feature to identify the location of a panel is to be handled. The touch screen on the touch panel is used in the Ag paste is used mostly for low-curable paste. The thermal-curing paste according to the drying process of thermal energy consumption and improve the working environment of organic solvents have problems. In this study, Ag paste used in the non-thermal curing friendly and cost-effective UV curable paste was prepared. Current commercially available thermal-curable binder, was used instead of the flow characteristics of UV-curable oligomers and monomers with functional groups to give a single conductive Ag paste with the addition of a pattern could be formed. Ag paste as a result, thermal-curing adhesive, hardness, resistance and excellent reproduction of fine patterns and was available with screen printing environmentally friendly could see its potential as a patterning technology.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.68 no.2
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• pp.171-182
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• 2018

For the first time, nonlocal damped vibration and buckling analyses of arbitrary tapered bidirectional functionally graded solid circular nano-plate (BDFGSCNP) are presented by employing modified spectral Ritz method. The energy method based on Love-Kirchhoff plate theory assumptions is applied to derive neutral equilibrium equation. The Eringen's nonlocal continuum theory is taken into account to capture small-scale effects. The characteristic equations and corresponding first mode shapes are calculated by using a novel modified basis in spectral Ritz method. The modified basis is in terms of orthogonal shifted Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind to avoid employing adhesive functions in the spectral Ritz method. The fast convergence and compatibility with various conditions are advantages of the modified spectral Ritz method. A more accurate multivariable function is used to model two-directional variations of elasticity modulus and mass density. The effects of nanoscale, in-plane pre-load, distributed dashpot, arbitrary tapering, pinned and clamped boundary conditions on natural frequencies and buckling loads are investigated. Observing an excellent agreement between results of current work and outcomes of previously published works in literature, indicates the results' accuracy in current work.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2012

The paper is on contact analysis of a spherical ball with a deformable flat, considering the effect of tangent modulus on the contact parameters of a non-adhesive frictionless elastic-plastic contact. The contact analysis of this model has been carried out using analysis software Ansys and Abaqus. The contact parameters such as area of contact between two consecutive steps, volume of bulged material are evaluated from the formulated equations. The effect of the tangent modulus is considered for determining these parameters. The tangent modulus are accounted between 0.1E and 0.5E of materials E/Y value greater than 500 and less than 1750. Result shows that upto an optimal tangent modulus values the elastic core push up to the free surface in the flat. The simulation is also carried out in Abaqus and result provide evidence for the volume of bulged material in the contact region move up and flow into the free surface of the flat from the contact edge between the ball and flat. The strain energy of the whole model is varied between 20 to 40 percentage of the stipulated time for analysis.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.455-480
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• 2014

Sixteen concrete filled square CFRP-steel tubular (S-CFRP-CFST) stub columns under axial compression were experimentally investigated. The experimental results showed that the failure mode of the specimens is strength loss of the materials, and the confined concrete has good plasticity due to confinement of the CFRP-steel composite tube. The steel tube and CFRP can work concurrently. The load versus longitudinal strain curves of the specimens can be divided into 3 stages, i.e., elastic stage, elasto-plastic stage and softening stage. Analysis based on finite element method showed that the longitudinal stress of the steel tube keeps almost constant along axial direction, and the transverse stress at the corner of the concrete is the maximum. The confinement effect of the outer tube to the concrete is mainly focused on the corner. The confinements along the side of the cross-section and the height of the specimen are both non-uniform. The adhesive strength has little effect both on the load versus longitudinal strain curves and on the confinement force versus longitudinal strain curves. With the increasing of the initial stress in the steel tube, the load carrying capacity, the stiffness and the peak value of the average confinement force are all reduced. Equation for calculating the load carrying capacity of the composite stub columns is presented, and the estimated results agree well with the experimental results.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 2009

The cuticle of spider's exoskeleton is a hydrophobic and non-adhesive material, but the jumping spiders have the distinctive attachment apparatus for adhesion on smooth dry surface without sticky fluids. We have examined the whole tarsal appendages of the jumping spider, Plexippus setipes with using scanning electron microscope to reveal the fine structural characteristics of the dry adhesion system. All eight legs have the scopulae with a pair of claws on the tip of feet. Each scopula is composed of two groups of setae that are capable of dry adhesion on smooth surface, and the hook structure of the claw is advanced to move on the rough surface. The setae toward the bottom of the tarsal segment are densely covered by numerous setules on the underside which broadened from middle to distal portion. It has been revealed by this research that the contact area of the setule is always a triangular shape, and these cuticular surfaces are connected by the elongated stalks from the underlying setae. It is likely that the nano-scale structures including a triangular depression and a longitudinal groove on each setule could functionate when the spider detach its feet from the substrate.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.444-449
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• 2015

Soft magnetic composites (SMCs) are especially suitable for the construction of low-cost, high-performance motors with 3-D magnetic fields. The main advantages of SMCs is that the iron particles are insulated by the surface coating and adhesive used for composite bonding, the eddy-current loss is much lower than that in laminated steels, especially at higher frequencies, and the hysteresis loss becomes the dominant component of core losses. These properties enable machines to operate at higher frequencies, resulting in reduced machine size and weight. In this paper, 3-D topologies are proposed that enable the application of SMCs to effectively reduce losses in high-speed permanent magnet (PM) motors. In addition, the electromagnetic field characteristics of the motor topologies are evaluated and compared using a non-linear finite element method (FEM) based on 3-D numerical analysis, and the feasibility of the motor designs is validated.