• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.39-49
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• 2017

In this study, we propose the core factors and application of asymmetric virtual reality(VR) content in which head-mounted display(HMD) user and Non-HMD users can work together in a co-located space that can lead to various experiences and high presence. The core of the proposed asymmetric VR content is that all users are immersed in VR and participate in new experiences by reflecting widely a range of users' participation and environments, regardless of whether or not users wear the HMD. For this purpose, this study defines the role relationships between HMD user and Non-HMD users, the viewpoints provided to users, and the speech communication structure available among users. Based on this, we verified the core factors through the process of producing assistive asymmetric VR content and cooperative asymmetric VR content directly. Finally, we conducted a survey to examine the users' presence and their experience of the proposed asymmetric VR content and to analyze the application method. As a result, it was confirmed that if the purpose of asymmetric VR content and core factors between the two types of users are clearly distinguished and defined, the independent experience presented by the VR content together with perceived presence can provide a satisfactory experience to all users.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.380-389
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the relationship between cigarette and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and sleep health among Korean adolescents. Methods: Using the 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, we included 52,928 adolescents who responded to sleep satisfaction and sleep duration. Participants were classified into four groups: non-users, cigarette-only users, e-cigarette-only users, and dual users of both products. To examine the associations between cigarette and e-cigarette use and sleep health, data were analyzed using complex samples cross tabulation and complex samples logistic regression. Results: Of the four groups, dual users reported the lowest level of sleep satisfaction and sleep duration; 57.0% and 86.9% of dual users were not satisfied with their sleep and have insufficient sleep duration, respectively. The proportion of students who were not satisfied with their sleep was higher among cigarette-only users compared to e-cigarette-only users (52.7% vs. 45.8%), but the two groups reported similar rates of insufficient sleep duration (84.2% vs. 84.3%). Compared to non-users, cigarette-only users, e-cigarette-only users, and dual users were more likely to not be satisfied with sleep (odds ratios [ORs] were 1.49, 1.36, and 1.75, respectively) and had significantly higher odds of experiencing insufficient sleep duration (ORs were 1.85, 2.06, and 2.34, respectively). Conclusion: E-cigarette-only use and dual use as well as cigarette-only use were associated with poor sleep health. Therefore, to improve adolescent sleep health, health professionals should provide sleep intervention strategies considering the association between smoking and sleep health.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.119-145
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• 2014

Under the premise that information privacy concerns can atrophy e-commerce by causing particular behaviors of Internet users, this study focused on exploring the causes of information privacy concerns, the related information privacy protective responses of Internet users, and measures for alleviating the information privacy concerns. This study is based on the 'principal-agent theory,' and established the following as factors that cause information privacy concerns of Internet users: perceived information non-transparency; perceived action uncertainty. Also, the information privacy concerns caused by the factors were established as the cause of information privacy protective responses of Internet users. Also, the concept of 'signaling' and 'incentive,' which were presented to solve the adverse selection and moral hazard issue in the host-agent theory, was introduced to establish the following as factors that alleviate information privacy concerns: trust; informativeness. Those factors were included in the research model to conduct an empirical analysis. The analysis has revealed that both the perceived information non-transparency (p<0.01) and perceived action uncertainty (p<0.01) as to websites had a significant impact on information privacy concerns. Also, information privacy concerns of Internet users (p<0.01) had a significant impact on their information privacy protective responses who strive to protect their personal information. In addition, when trust and informativeness, which were established as factors that can alleviate information privacy concerns, were empirically analyzed, trust and informativeness had the effect of alleviating information privacy concerns. Based on the findings, the following was confirmed: Boosting the trust of Internet users in websites and offering useful information related to personal data can play a key role in alleviating the information privacy concerns of Internet users.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.931-938
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• 2018

D-CATV VOD service provides various contents such as drama and movie with high quality regardless of time and place. As the usage time of the VOD service increases, the viewing time of real-time terrestrial broadcasting is shortened. As the demand for VOD service is high and the number of digital users is increasing, the VOD market is rapidly growing. Therefore this study investigates the age and gender analysis of digital cable TV users and analyzed the usage patterns and audience cases of users. VOD service has been shown to be used by many users for the first time through remote control and free coupons. Non-users of VOD service did not use it because of charge and did not feel the necessity, but some non-users did not recognize the free VOD service.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare professional (Pro) and non-professional (Non-pro) voice users with voice disorders in self-reporting voice evaluation using Korean-Voice Handicap Index (K-VHI) and Korean-Voice Related Quality of Life (K-VRQOL). In addition, those were compared by voice quality and voice disorder type. 94 Pro and 106 Non-pro were asked to fill out the K-VHI and K-VRQOL, perceptually evaluated on GRBAS scales, and divided into three types of voice disorders (functional, organic and neurologic) by an experienced speech-language pathologist and an otolaryngologist. The results showed that the functional (F) and physical (P) scores of K-VHI in Pro group were significantly higher than those in Non-pro group. As the voice quality evaluated by G scale got worse, the scores of all aspects except emotional (E) of K-VHI and social-emotional (SE) of K-VRQOL were higher. All scores of K-VHI and K-VRQOL in neurologic voice disorders were significantly higher than those in functional and organic voice disorders. In conclusion, professional voice users are more sensitive to their functional and physical handicap resulted by their voice problems and that goes double for the patients with severe and neurologic voice disorders.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.15-37
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• 2012

This study is progressed for understanding of the acceptance intention differentiated through the view of smart phone non-user's adopting plan. And the research model is proposed in the view of new technology adopting, Innovation Diffusion Theory, Rogers 1995, and Technology Acceptance Model, Davis 1989. In the survey, SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 are used to analyze the 685 smart phone non-users data. The results of the feasibility analysis and the factor analysis show the measured variables determined in the statistical significant range. Also, 11 hypotheses, among the 16 hypotheses, are adopted by the hypothesis tests through the path analysis, one-way-ANOVA and hierarchial regression analysis. The results indicate variables affect on the non-smart phone user's adopting intention. The primary factor is the perceived usefulness, secondary factor is the social property, and the rest is the playfulness. And, the primary adoption factor is affected to early majority and late majority among each innovation adopters.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.199-204
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• 2000

This paper presents new approaches for the calculation for the calculation of each user's wheeling prices based on the economic analysis method with focus on the postage stamp rule. The suggested postage stamp rules can overcome the following problems embedded in the conventional accounting-costs-based methods such as the volatileness of wheeling prices depending deprieciation methods, emerging the wheeling free-riders due to the difference between accounting life-time and technical life-time, price discrimination between firm and non-firm network users, etc. To solve these problems we suggest new postage stamp rules employing capital recovery factor for investment costs treatment and applying technical life-time. Furthermore, we have suggested a new formulation for non-firm wheeling users based on the wheeling energies. In the case study, the results of suggested postage stamp methodologies are compared with those of conventional approaches.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.18-31
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• 2022

This study explored the effects of the parasocial relationship formed by CCTV (China Central Television) TV news and non-traditional news on users' perceived media credibility and their online and offline political participation. This study conducted a survey with the Chinese CCTV users between April 19 and April 30, 2021, and finally, 701 respondents' data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The study results showed that both TV news and non-traditional news had positive effects on parasocial relationships and the parasocial relationship positively influenced media credibility, which subsequently facilitated political participation. However, there was no direct effect between media usage and media credibility. This implies the important mediating role of parasocial interactions, which enables CCTV news to gain media credibility and subsequently influence political participation. This study suggests that CCTV needs to improve the parasocial interactions between their audience and media figures by utilizing the interactive mechanism of non-traditional media.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.77-91
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• 2023

Interaction methods and technologies for mutual exploration based on user behavior are evolving variously. Especially, in recent years, with the development of a wide range of sensors, they have developed from contact to non-contact methods. However, developers' senseless definitions of the interaction methods have made the exploration process quite complicated, which rather creates the hassle of users needing to learn the interaction guide defined by the developers before experiencing the exhibition contents. In this context, in order to make visitors smoothly communicate with exhibition contents, a preliminary study on easy interaction for users of various ages is needed, and in particular, research on improving the usability of user interaction is also essential when developing non-contact exhibition contents. So, in this study, a method to reduce the confusion between developers and users was sought by researching non-contact interaction that could be universally interacted with in the field of exhibition contents and proposing behavior designs. First, based on the narrative structure of cultural resources, existing studies were reviewed and the points of interactions as cultural contents were derived. Then the most efficient search process was selected among non-contact behaviors based on hand gestures that allow users to naturally guess and learn interaction methods. Furthermore, on the basis of the meaning of non-linear narrative-based interaction and the analysis results of spatial behavior elements, affordance behavior with high learning effect and efficiency was derived. Through this research process, an action that helps users to understand non-contact interaction naturally in the process of exploring exhibition-type cultural contents and to utilize non-contact interaction in the process of immersion in exhibition contents is proposed as a final model.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.3 s.62
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• pp.353-365
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• 2006

Modern consumers seek various pleasure and fun through shopping. Retailing are offering apparel products with entertainment services to customers such as movie theaters, restaurants and so on. The purposes of this study was investigate the effect of entertainment service on impulse buying behavior. Data were obtained from shoppers (N=684) randomly selected department stores and shopping malls located in Seoul and Busan. They were analyzed by factor analysis, t-test and cross analysis. The results showed that entertainment service users showed likely to be more recreational orientation, to be more pleasure, and better mood in retailing environment than entertainment service non-users. That is entertainment service users were more likely to buy impulsively during shopping than entertainment service non-users. Implication and future research directions discussed.