• Title/Summary/Keyword: Non-Traffic accident

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Modeling Traffic Accident Characteristics and Severity Related to Drinking-Driving (음주교통사고 영향요인과 심각도 분석을 위한 모형설정)

  • Jang, Taeyoun;Park, Hyunchun
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.30 no.6D
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    • pp.577-585
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    • 2010
  • Traffic accidents are caused by several factors such as drivers, vehicles, and road environment. It is necessary to investigate and analyze them in advance to prevent similar and repetitive traffic accidents. Especially, the human factor is most significant element and traffic accidents by drinking-driving caused from human factor have become social problem to be paid attention to. The study analyzes traffic accidents resulting from drinking-driving and the effects of driver's attributes and environmental factors on them. The study is composed as two parts. First, the log-linear model is applied to analyze that accidents by drinking or non-drinking driving associate with road geometry, weather condition and personal characteristics. Probability is tested for drinking-driving accidents relative to non-drinking drive accidents. The study analyzes probability differences between genders, between ages, and between kinds of vehicles through odds multipliers. Second, traffic accidents related to drinking are classified into property damage, minor injury, heavy injury, and death according to their severity. Heavy injury is more serious than minor one and death is more serious than heavy injury. The ordinal regression models are established to find effecting factors on traffic accident severity.

A Causation Study for car crashes at Rural 4-legged Signalized Intersections Using Nonlinear Regression and Structural Equation Methods (비선형 회귀분석과 구조방정식을 이용한 지방부 4지 신호교차로의 사고요인분석)

  • Oh, Ju Taek;Kweon, Ihl;Hwang, Jeong Won
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.65-76
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    • 2013
  • Traffic accidents at signalized intersections have been increased annually so that it is required to examine the causation to reduce the accidents. However, the current existing accident models were developed mainly by using non-linear regression models such as Poisson methods. These non-linear regression methods lack to reveal the complicated causation for traffic accidents, though they are the right choice to study randomness and non-linearity of accidents. Therefore, it is required to utilize another statistical method to make up for the lack of the non-linear regression methods. This study developed accident prediction models for 4 legged signalized intersections with Poisson methods and compared them with structural equation models. This study used structural equation methods to reveal the complicated causation of traffic accidents, because the structural equation method has merits to explain more causational factors for accidents than others.

Impacts Analysis of the operation of DVR(Driving Video Recorder) on Driver's Behavior Change and Reduction of Traffic Accident (교통사고 영상기록장치(DVR : Driving Video Recorder)의 설치가 운전자의 운전태도 변화와 교통사고 저감에 미치는 효과 분석)

  • Jang, Seok-Yong;Jeong, Heon-Yeong;Baek, Sang-Geun;Go, Sang-Seon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.119-130
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    • 2009
  • The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of DVR(Driving Video Recorder) operation on decreasing the number of traffic accidents, the cost of traffic accident claim, and the behavioral change in drivers' driving. The data for this research are obtained from taxi drivers in Busan. For this, Structural Equation Model and two-way ANOVA are employed for empirical analysis. Overall results of this study show that the number of traffic accidents of 4 taxi corporations in Busan has decreased by average 32.7 percent after using DVRs. In addition, as to the cost of taxi accident claims, it is expected that the DVR operation has a considerable effect on economic benefits of taxi corporations. Moreover, this study could make clear the difference in behaviors between DVR users and non-users, and discriminate the positive and negative impacts of the DVR operation on the drivers' driving behavior. The study quantitatively examined the indirect impact of 'attitude', 'subject norm' and 'behavioral control' factors on planned 'behavior', and the direct impact of 'behavioral control' factor on the planned 'behavior'. This study suggests that they should add the video recoding function of DVRs when operation recorder(blackbox for the car) is obligatorily set up on cars for business by traffic security law.

Development of Traffic Accident Rate Forecasting Models for Trumpet IC Exit Ramp of Freeway using Variables Transformation Method (변수변환 기법을 이용한 고속도로 트럼펫IC 유출연결로 교통사고율 예측모형 개발)

  • Yoon, Byoung-Jo
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.139-150
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    • 2008
  • In this study, It is focused on development of the forecasting model about trumpet InterChange(IC) ramp accident because of the frequency of accident in ramp more than highway basic section and trend the increasing accident in ramp. The independent variables was selected through statistical analysis(correlation analysis, multi-collinearity etc) by ramp types(direct, semi-direct and loop). The independent variables and accident rate is non-linear relationship. So it made new variables by transformation of the independent variables. The forecasting models according to exit-ramp type (direct, semi-direct and loop) are built with statistical multi-variable regression using all possible regression method. And the forecasts of the models showed high accuracy statistically. It is expected that the developed models could be employed to design trumpet IC ramp more cost-efficiently and safely and to analyze the causes of traffic accidents happened on the IC ramp.

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Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Report of 5 Cases (외상성 횡경막 탈장: 5례 수술 보고)

  • 장순명
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.163-168
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    • 1974
  • Five cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia were repaired in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, during the period from 1967 to 1974. The first case, a 14-year aid girl, was diagnosed as diaphragmatic hernia during laparotomy because of jejunal perforation 3 days after traffic accident. Herniated stomach, transverse colon, spleen and left lobe of the liver were repositioned and the diaphragmatic rupture on left posterolateral portion was repaired with two layers of nonabsorbable sutures by transthoracic approach. The second case, a 26-year old man,was diagnosed immediately after traffic accident at a local clinic and transferred to this hospital 24 hours later. Herniated stomach, transverse colon and jejunum were repositioned amd diaphragmatic rupture,about 9 cm in length,from the posterolat.edge to the base of pericardium was sutured in two layers. The third case, a 26-year old man who had stab wound on the left lower lateral chest two years ago,was admitted with sudden abdominal pain and vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal series with barium meal revealed diaphragmatic hernia. The herniated stomach and transverse colon through the defect,about 3.5cm in diameter, at anterolateral portion on the left side,were repositioned and repaired with two layers of nonabsorbable sutures. The forth case, a 26-year old man, sustained blunt trauma to the chest by a roller and was transferred to the emergency room complaining of dyspnea 40 minutes after the accident. The diaphragmatic rupture extended from left midaxillary line to contralateral anterior axillary line,about 20cm long, at anterior portion of diaphragm, which was repaired with two layers, of nonabsorbable sutures. The fifth case, a 4-year old girl, had two separate diaphragmatic ruptures on both sides, which were caused by traffic accident. Immediate upper gastrointestinal series after injury showed herniated stomach, colon and spleen into left Chest cavity. Another small rupture with anterior edge of right lobe of the liver in chest cavity was noted. These were repaired with non-absorbable sutures via thoracotomy.

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Friction Coefficient of Emergency Braking on ABS and Non-ABS Car (ABS와 Non-ABS 승용차량의 급제동시 마찰계수 변화)

  • Kim, Kee-Nam;Lee, Ji-Hoon;Ok, Jin-Kyu;Yoo, Wan-Suk;Park, Ji-Yeong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.52-59
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    • 2008
  • Most accident reconstruction or analysis depend on the coefficient of friction to estimate the vehicle speeds. Skid mark and coefficient of friction are usually utilized to calculate the velocity and behavior of vehicles. For a critical case such as traffic accident reconstruction, however, the initial velocity of the car should be calculated precisely. In this paper, emergency brake tests on ABS and Non-ABS brake system are conducted on the dry pavement asphalt road on speed 40, 60, 80 and 100 km/h respectively. The SWIFT sensor was established in the front wheel and rear wheel at driver side to measure the forces, moments and speeds of revolution of the tires. These tests results can be available to brake tests and accident reconstruction.

The Study on Relation between Cervical Lateroflexion and Upper Limb Numbness of Patients without Disc Herniation after Traffic Accident (교통사고 이후 디스크 탈출이 없이 상지 저림을 호소하는 환자의 경추 측굴과 상지 저림에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Hyun-Min;Park, Ji-Yong;Kim, Dong-Sub;Kim, Eun-Soo;Kim, Mi-Riong;Cho, Nam-Hoon;Jeong, Hoon;Seong, Ik-Hyun;Kim, Min-Woo;Hong, Nam-Jung;Ha, In-Hyuk;Lee, Jin-Ho
    • The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between cervical spine lateroflexion and upper limb numbness after whiplash injury by traffic accident. Methods : Outpatients who visited Jaseng korean medicine hospital after traffic accident took cervical MRI. Patients who had Normal disc and bulging disc were reviewed to measure the cervical lateroflexion by C2-C7 Cobb's angle & scalenus muscle's length through neutrality AP X-ray views. For statistics, we used SPSS version 18.0 for windows. Results : Groups classified into difference of scalenus muscle's length were showen statistical significance than into cobb's angle. Means of numbness group's length difference are $4.18{\pm}2.26mm$ and that of non-numbness group is $1.59{\pm}1.17mm$. Unilateral numbness group had greater angle and longer of length's difference than non-numbness group. Conclusions : The more severe the lateroflexion of the upper extremity numbness occurs well. Group classifed into difference of scalenus muscle's length has more tendency of occurrence of upper limb numbness than that into cobb's angle. And upper limb numbness occurs more frequently at the same direction of lateroflexion.

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Development of Bicycle Accident Prediction Model and Suggestion of Countermeasures on Bicycle Accidents (자전거 사고예측모형 개발 및 개선방안 제시에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Sung-Dae;Kim, Yoon-Mi;Kim, Jae-Gon;Ha, Tae-Jun
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.35 no.5
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    • pp.1135-1146
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    • 2015
  • This thesis aims to improve the safety of bicycle traffic for activating the use of bicycle, main means of non-powered and non-carbon transportation in order to cope with worldwide crisis such as climate change and energy depletion and to implement sustainable traffic system. In this regard, I analyzed the problem of bicycle roads currently installed and operated, and developed the bicycle accident forecasting model. Following are the processes for this. First, this study presented the current status of bicycle road in Korea as well as accident data, collect the data on bicycle traffic accidents generated throughout the country for recent 3 years (2009~2011) and analyzed the features of bicycle traffic accidents based on the data. Second, this study selected the variable affecting the number of bicycle accidents through accident feature analysis of bicycle accidents at Jeollanam-do, and developed accident forecast model using the multiple regression analysis of 'SPSS Statistics 21'. At this time, the number of accidents due to extension per road types (crossing, crosswalk, other single road) was used. To verify the accident forecast model deduced, this study used the data on bicycle accident generated in Gwangju, 2011, and compared the prediction value with actual number of accidents. As a result, it was found out that reliability of accident forecast model was secured through reconciling with actual number of cases except certain data. Third, this study carried out field survey on the bicycle road as well as questionnaire on satisfaction of bicycle road and use of bicycle for analysis of bicycle road problems, and presented safety improvement measures for the problems deduced as well as bicycle activation plans. This study is considered to serve as the fundamental data for planning and reorganizing of bicycle road in the future, and expected to improve safety of bicycle users and to promote activation of bicycle use as the means of transportation.

A Study on the Architectural Planning of Plan Type and Area Composition in Medical Emergency Center (지역응급의료센터의 평면유형 및 면적구성에 관한 건축계획적 연구)

  • Kwon, Yongtaek;Roh, Jihwa
    • Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.55-64
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    • 2012
  • Recently, our country is caused with economic growth and development and city intensive brazier being caused by industrial accident, crime accident and suicide of traffic facility, it is caused by with Western dietary life and the emergency patient is to an increase tendency. And the life increases with medical development and the medical emergency demand of the old people are increasing. Approximately 80% of the patients are non-emergent patients who receive ambulatory care and the rest 20% of the patients are serio us- emergent patients Emergency patients because non-strategy it is doing with function as imported medical treatment and provides, equipment, the operation is being impossible with manpower tribal etc.

The Research Trends of Pharmacopuncture Therapy on Cervical Pain Caused by Traffic Accidents

  • Kim, Dong-young;Hong, Seung-hyo;Han, Soo-yeon;Kim, Won-young;Oh, Seo-hye;Lee, Hyung-woo;Woo, Hyun-su
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.201-211
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    • 2020
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review Korean domestic studies and investigate the research trends of pharmacopuncture therapy on cervical pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods: Domestic studies between February 1999 and May 2020 from four Korean databases were searched with combinations of keywords 'cervical pain', 'traffic accident', 'whiplash injury', and 'pharmacopuncture'. Results: 17 studies were selected for review, including 7 randomized controlled trials, 5 retrospective observational studies, 3 case reports, and 2 non-randomized controlled trials. Each study was reviewed by published year, study type, types of pharmacopuncture solutions, selected acupuncture points, dosage of pharmacopuncture solutions, frequency of treatment, concurrent treatments, outcome measurements, and the effectiveness of pharmacopuncture therapy. The results are as follows: (1) It showed that the total number of published studies had increased slightly in the last 10 years compared to the previous decade. (2) The pharmacopuncture solutions used in the studies were in the following order: Bee-Venom (蜂毒), Jungsongouhyul (中性瘀血), Hwangryunhaedoktang (黃連解毒湯) and Soyeom (消炎). Frequently used acupuncture points were GB20, GV21, A-shi point, GV16, EX-B2, and SI15 in order. (3) The most commonly used total injection dosage was 1.0 cc at a time, and the frequency of treatment was twice a week. (4) Concurrent treatments such as acupuncture, herbal medication, physical therapy and Chuna manual therapy were performed in all 17 studies. (5) Pharmacopuncture therapy showed positive effects on cervical pain caused by traffic accidents in all 17 studies reviewed. Conclusion: Pharmacopuncture therapy was effective in cervical pain caused by traffic accidents in all 17 studies selected. Further studies will be needed using more larger scales and more objective data to confirm the effectiveness of pharmacopuncture therapy and to generalize its application.