• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.6-7
• /
• 2000

Recently, free radicals such as active oxygen species, nitric oxide, etc are believed to be one of the key substances in physiological and pathological, toxicological phenomena, and oxidative damages, and all organism have defencing system against such as free radicals. Formation and extinction of free radicals may be regulated through bio-redox system, in which various enzymes and compounds should be involved in very complicated manner. Thus, direct and non-invasive measurement of in vivo free radical reactions with living animals must be essential to understand the role of free radicals in pathophysiological phenomena. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) is very selective and sensitive technique to detect free radicals, but a conventional ESR spectrometer has large detect in application to living animals, since high frequent microwave is absorbed with water, resulting in generation of high fever in living body. In order to estimate in vivo free radical reactions in living whole animals, we develop in vivo ESR-CT technique using nitroxide radicals as spin probes. Nitroxide radicals and their reduced forms, hydroxylamines, are known to interact with various redox systems. We found that! ! the signal decay due to reduction of nitroxyl radicals is influenced by aging, inspired oxygen concentration, ischemia-referfusion injury, radiation, etc. In the present paper, I will introduce in vivo ESR technique and my laboratory recent results concerning non-invasive evaluation of free radical reactions in living mice.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.41 no.10
• /
• pp.685-692
• /
• 2008

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in the world. Because CRC develops slowly from removable precancerous lesions, detection of the disease at an early stage during regular health examinations can reduce both the incidence and mortality of the disease. Although sigmoidoscopy offers significant improvements in the detection rate of CRC, its diagnostic value is limited by its high costs and inconvenience. Therefore, there is a compelling need for the identification of noninvasive biomarkers that can enable earlier detection of CRC. Accordingly, many validation studies have been conducted to evaluate genetic, epigenetic or protein markers that can be detected in the stool or in serum. Currently, the fecal-occult blood test is the most widely used method of screening for CRC. However, advances in genomics and proteomics combined with developments in other relevant fields will lead to the discovery of novel non invasive biomarkers whose usefulness will be tested in larger validation studies. Here, non-invasive molecular biomarkers that are currently used in clinical settings and have the potential for use as CRC biomarkers are discussed.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2000

This paper reports our 9-year experience treating 34 infants with biliary atresia utilizing a new non-invasive diagnostic method, ultrasonographic "triangular cord"(TC) sign. The TC sign is present when there is visualization of a triangular or a band-like echogenicity just cranial to the portal vein. The ultrasonographic TC sign appears to be a simple, non-invasive, time-saving and useful tool in the diagnosis of biliary atresia. Sensitivity is 84 %. Active bile excretion was restored in 90 % of the patients who were treated between 31-60days, 78 % of those between 61-90 days, and 33 % of those being 91days or older. The incidence of postoperative cholangitis was 36 %. Construction of an antireflux valve in the Roux-en-Y loop did not affect the incidence of postoperative cholangitis(p=0.18). Among 34 infants with biliary atresia, 23(68 %) are alive for 2-102 months after operation, and 12 are alive for more than 5 years. Five-year estimate survival by Kaplan-Meier method was 66 %.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.123-129
• /
• 2015

A pulse is generated when the heart pumps blood into the arterial system. The heart pumps blood only when it contracts, not when it relaxes; therefore, blood enters the arterial system in a cyclical form. Artery beating is visible in some parts of the body surface, such as the radial artery of the wrist. This paper mainly uses the feature in which near-infrared spectroscopy penetrates skin to construct a non-invasive measurement system that can measure small vibration in the subcutaneous tissue of the human body, and then uses it for the pulse measurement. This measurement system uses the optical moir$\acute{e}$ principle, together with the fringe displacement made by small vibration in the subcutaneous tissue, and an image analysis program to calculate the height variation from small vibrations in the subcutaneous tissue. It completes a measurement system that records height variation with time, and that together with a fast Fourier transform (FFT) program, they can convert the pulse waveform generated by vibration (time-amplitude) to heartbeat frequency (frequency-amplitude). This is a new and non-invasive medical assistance system for measuring the pulse of the human body, with the advantages of being simple, fast, safe and objective.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 1995

We had tested the effect of amino propane sulfonic acid(APSA) on the human skin with non-invasive technique. It was tested with four parameters that were hydration, elasticity, color and skin wrinkles. In vitro culture systems, APSA stimulated the proliferation of fibroblasts bolt it didn't stimulate that of keratinocyte. Also we obtained the similar effects in the raft culture method. So we concluded that APSA affected the dermal region than the epidermal region. In clinical tests, APSA changed the skin color, pbiomechanical properties(especially elasticity) and reduced skin wrinkles of the volunteers. And we could get the better results of skin wrinkle improvement by use of Skin Visiometer than Silflo Image analysis systems.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.48-55
• /
• 2018

While non-operative treatment with structured rehabilitation tends to be the strategy of choice in the management of Rockwood type III acromioclavicular joint injury, some advocate surgical treatment to prevent persistent pain, disability, and prominence of the distal clavicle. There is no clear consensus regarding when the surgical treatment should be indicated, and successful clinical outcomes have been reported for non-operative treatment in more than 80% of type III acromioclavicular joint injuries. Furthermore, there is no gold standard procedure for operative treatment of type III acromioclavicular joint injury, and more than 60 different procedures have been used for this purpose in clinical practice. Among these surgical techniques, recently introduced arthroscopic-assisted procedures involving a coracoclavicular suspension device are minimally invasive and have been shown to achieve successful coracoclavicular reconstruction in 80% of patients with failed conservative treatment. Taken together, currently available data indicate that successful treatment can be expected with initial conservative treatment in more than 96% of type III acromioclavicular injuries, whereas minimally invasive surgical treatments can be considered for unstable type IIIB injuries, especially in young and active patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the optimal treatment approach in patients with higher functional needs, especially in high-level athletes.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2013

Advanced semiconductor manufacturing technology requires methods to maximize tool efficiency and improve product quality by reducing process variability. Real-time plasma process monitoring and diagnosis have become crucial for fault detection and classification (FDC) and advanced process control (APC). Additional sensors may increase the accuracy of detection of process anomalies, and optical monitoring methods are non-invasive. In this paper, we propose the use of a chromatic data acquisition system for real-time in-situ plasma process monitoring called the Plasma Eyes Chromatic System (PECS). The proposed system was initially tested in a six-inch research tool, and it was then further evaluated for its potential to detect process anomalies in an eight-inch production tool for etching blanket oxide films. Chromatic representation of the PECS output shows a clear correlation with small changes in process parameters, such as RF power, pressure, and gas flow. We also present how the PECS may be adapted as an in-situ plasma arc detector. The proposed system can provide useful indications of a faulty process in a timely and non-invasive manner for successful run-to-run (R2R) control and FDC.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.565-570
• /
• 2019

Benign biliary strictures are uncommon in children. Classically, these cases are managed surgically, however less invasive approaches with interventional radiology and or endoscopy may have similar results and improved safety profiles While benign biliary strictures have been described in literature on several occasions in young children, (most older than 1 year and once in an infant 3 months of age), all reported cases were managed surgically. We present two cases of benign biliary strictures in infants less than 6 months of age that were managed successfully with novel non-invasive procedures and a review of all current pediatric cases reported in the literature. Furthermore, we describe the use of a Rendezvous procedure, which has not been reported as a treatment approach for benign biliary strictures.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.6 no.5_6
• /
• pp.545-559
• /
• 2010

This paper presents the results of a pilot study and verification of a concept of a novel methodology for damage detection and assessment of water distribution system. The unique feature of the proposed noninvasive methodology is the use of accelerometers installed on the pipe surface, instead of pressure sensors that are traditionally installed invasively. Experimental observations show that a sharp change in pressure is always accompanied by a sharp change of pipe surface acceleration at the corresponding locations along the pipe length. Therefore, water pressure-monitoring can be transformed into acceleration-monitoring of the pipe surface. The latter is a significantly more economical alternative due to the use of less expensive sensors such as MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) or other acceleration sensors. In this scenario, monitoring is made for Maximum Pipe Acceleration Gradient (MPAG) rather than Maximum Water Head Gradient (MWHG). This paper presents the results of a small-scale laboratory experiment that serves as the proof of concept of the proposed technology. The ultimate goal of this study is to improve upon the existing SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) by integrating the proposed non-invasive monitoring techniques to ultimately develop the next generation SCADA system for water distribution systems.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 2014

Objectives: This study aims to identify effects of Korean medical treatment for stress urinary incontinence patient. Methods: The patient was treated by moxibustion at Shuidao (ST28), Sa-Am acupuncture lung tonification, Bojungikkitang-gamibang and Boshimdan for 2 weeks. These treatments are Korean medical treatment, and non-invasive. Results: After 2 weeks of Korean medical treatment, the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence disappeared. Conclusions: This case report shows that non-invasive Korean medical treatments are effective against stress urinary incontinence.