• 대한두경부종양학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.253-259
• /
• 1998

The increasing risk of subsequent malignancy after treatment of malignant lymphoma is well known, which is mainly due to longer survival of these patients. Radiotherapy at an early stage of Hodgkin's disease or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is accepted to be associated with future occurrence of secondary thyroid cancer. Nevertheless, the synchronous presentation of these malignancies is extremely rare. Well differentiated thyroid cancer, a slow-growing tumor that responds to therapy with surgery and radioactive iodine, is associated with prolonged survival. therefore, it is important to make this diagnosis in patients who show evidence of malignant lymphoma. Furthermore, appropriate treatment must be considered for thyroid cancer to improve the prognosis of these patients. We herein reported 4 cases of synchronous thyroid cancer and malignant lymphoma in patients who had not previously recieved radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.2879-2881
• /
• 2015

There is paucity of data on non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) from our population in North-East India. In this retrospective study, patients were consecutively followed-up to see the clinic-pathological pattern of NHL, various responses, and pattern of relapses to first line treatment with chemotherapy. All patients in the present study received standard regimen of cyclophosphamde, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone (CHOP) with or without rituximab (R-CHOP) as per our institutional protocol as first line therapy. Our study has shown that, in our adult population, the majority of NHL cases present with stage II and stage III disease and extra nodal involvement, B-cell lymphomas and diffuse large cell lymphomas being the most common subtypes. International prognostic index was a significant factor for varied responses to treatment. The majority of relapses after complete remission occurred in the first year.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.3551-3557
• /
• 2015

Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous type of neoplasm of the lymphatic system. To have a more accurate and early diagnosis we need to know signs, symptoms and complications of lymphoma in early stages besides pathology and immunohistochemistry. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 110 cases of NHL that were followed since February 2012 till November 2013. Biopsies were taken from all the patients besides bone marrow study. Signs and symptoms were categorized into "B" symptoms, general, lymphadenopathy and extranodal involvement and we compared the frequencies by stage and grade. Results: Of 110 cases, 88.9% had B-cell and 11.1% T-cell type with mean age $48.5{\pm}18.6$ years. "B" symptoms and lymphadenopathy were more common in men. Cervical lymphadenopathy was the most common sign (44.8%). and hematologic, bone marrow, bone and neurologic lesions were the most common complications. All complications were more common in males. "B" symptoms were seen mostly in stage III, general signs and symptoms in stage IV, and lymphadenopathy in stage II. Intermediate grade was also the most common in all signs and symptoms. In this study 12 (10.9%) patients had relapse, with neurologic and bone marrow as the most common sites of tumor recurrence. Conclusions: There is a meaningful relationship between male gender for NHL and anemia that can be due in part to higher incidence of bone marrow involvement and stage IV disease in male cases. We also found a strong relationship between low grade NHL and age. On the other hand extranodal involvement is more common in female groups.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 1993

A retrospective analysis was done for 69 patients with Stage I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who were treated from May 1981 to December 1990, in the Department of Radiadtion Oncology, Korea University Hospital. We used Ann Arbor Staging system and Working Formulation for histological classification. Forty-three patients (43/69, $62.3{\%}$) were Stage I and 26 patients (26/69, $37.7{\%}$) were Stage II, and B symptom was found in $10.1{\%}$ (7/69). Nodal lymphoma was $21.7{\%}$ (15/69); 14 patients with supradiaphragmatic disease and 1 patient with infradiaphragmatic disease. Extranodal lymphoma was $78.3{\%}$ (54/69): $64.8{\%}$ (35/54) for head and neck, $25.9{\%}$ (14/54) for gastrointestinal tract. Histologically, low grade consists of $8.7{\%}$ (6/69), intermediate grade $84.2{\%}$ (56/69), high grade $10.1{\%}$ (7/69), and diffuse large cell type was the most frequent form with 36 patients (36/69, $52.2{\%}$). Eighteen patients ($26.1{\%}$) were treated with radiation therapy alone,20 patients ($29.0{\%}$) with radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy, 15 patients ($21.7{\%}$) with radiation therapy combined with surgery and chemotherapy, Median survival duration was 28 months, and the range of survival time was from 1 month to 134 months. Overall five-year survival rate for Stage I and II disease was $54.2{\%}$, with $64.5{\%}$ for Stage I and $37.1{\%}$ for Stage II. For nodal lymphoma,5-year survival rate was $45.9{\%}$, and $56.5{\%}$ for extranodal lymphoma; $60.6{\%}$ for head and neck, $52.9{\%}$ for GI tract primary disease. Local control rate for all patients was $88.4{\%}$ (61/69), with $80{\%}$ (12/15) for nodal lymphoma and $90.7{\%}$ (49/54) for extranodal lymphoma. The total failure rate was $34.8{\%}$ (24/69). Five of 24 ($20.8{\%}$) patients who were failed developed local failure only, $12.5{\%}$ (3/24) local failure with distant failure, and distant failure only were found in $66.7{\%}$ (16/24). Between nodal lymphoma and extranodal lymphoma, there was no significant survival difference, but extranodal lymphoma showed higher incidence.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 1994

1982년부터 1991년까지 경희대학병원 치료방사선과에서 원발성 중추신경계 림프종으로 확진되어 방사선치료를 받은 16명의 환자를 대상으로 치료결과를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 가장 흔한 세포아형은 large, noncleaved cell과 B cell의 immunoblastic 림프종이었으며 측두엽과 심핵부위에 호발하였다. 치료는 환자를 생검 또는 절제술후 전뇌에 40 Gy(range=30-50 Gy)를 방사선 조사하였으며 원발병소에 15-20 Gy를 추가조사하였다. 16명의 환자중 14명은 방사선치료후 2개월에서 49개월 사이에 사망하였으며, 2명은 재발없이 각각 8개월과 22개월째 생존하고 있다. 1년 및 2년생존율은 각각 55.6$ \% $와 34.7$ \% $이었고, 중간 생존기간은 12개월이었다. 16명의 환자중 재발된 11명을 분석하였다. 방사선치료후 원발부위에 재발은 드물었으나 전뇌조사에서 불구하고 다른 부위에서 재발하였다. 재발율은 뇌에서 68.7$ \% $ (l1/16)이고 척추에서 25.0$ \% $(4/16)이었다. 나이, 성별 발생부위, 병소수, 방사선치료선량등은 각각 생존율과 무관하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 중추신경계 림프종은 방사선 치료의 초기반응은 양호하나 통상적인 방사선치료만으로는 조절이 어려운 질환이다. 따라서 분할치료방법에 의한 방사선량 증가와 항암제의 병용으로 중추신경계 림프종에 대한 치료효과를 향상시키리라 기대한다.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.32-35
• /
• 2018

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is known to be a rare and unusual cause of biliary obstruction. We report a case of biliary obstruction that a 25-year-old male showed icteric sclera and yellow discoloration of his skin caused by metastasis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Initial imaging & endoscopic work-up led us to an impression of either cholangiocarcinoma or IgG4-related disease, yet the pathological results weren't diagnostic. Through our thorough re-examination, we found a 5cm sized round, fixed, non-tender sternal mass, and additional imaging studies were suggestive of lymphoma, which was also consistent with the results of incisional chest wall biopsy. Biliary obstruction by lymphoma was successfully treated by endoscopic plastic stent insertion procedure and chemotherapy. Although it is widely accepted that lymphoma accounts for very few portion of malignant biliary obstruction, due to the fact that lymphoma and cholangiocarcinoma are often indistinguishable, careful diagnostic approach should be done.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 1985

1979년 2월부터 1982년 9월까지 서울대학교병원 치료방사선과에서 두경부에 국한된 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma환자중 근치적 방사선치료를 받은 54예를 대상으로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 원발병소의 관해율은 완전관해가 $81\%$, 부분관해가 $19\%$이었다. 2. 2년 생존을 및 무병 생존율은 각각 $57\%,\;45\%$, 이었으며 병기별, 발생부위별, 임파절 종대의 앙측성 여부, 조직아형에 따라 생존율에 통제학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 3. 재발율은 $54.5\%$(24예/44예)로 국소재발이 $29\%$, 원격전이가 $54\%$, 원격전이와 국소재발이 공존했던 경우가 $17\%$로 $92\%$가 2년이내에 재발하였다. 4. 원발병소의 크기가 6cm이상이지나 다발성인 경우, 원발병소가 임파절외 장기 또는 조직아형이 미만성이거나 대세포형인 경우 원격전이율이 높아 국소방사선치료후 전신적 항암요법의 추가치료가 고러되어야 한다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 1987

1970년부터 1980년까지 연세대학교 치료방사선과에서 방사선치료 받은 비강 및 부비동에 발생한 NHL환자 15예를 대상으로 후향성 분석을 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 병기분포는 13예가 IE 2예가 IIE였고 TNM병기에 따르면 7예가 국소병변이 진행된 T3, T4 환자였다. 2. Overall 5년 생존율을 $25\%$, IE는 $28\%$, IIE는 $0\%$였다. 3. 병기별 치료실패율은 T1, T2는 $33\%(2/6),\; T3,\;T_4는\;86\%(6/7),\;IIE$에서는 $100\%(2/2)$였다. 4. 방사선 조사량이 55Gy 이상인 경우 $100\%$의 완전 관해율을 보였으며 55Gy이하인 경우 $73\%$의 완전 관해율을 보였다. 5. 비강 및 부비동의 NHL의 Ann Arbor병기 분류와 함께 TNM 병기도 예후에 중요한 요인이 될 것 같다. 6. 국소병변이 진행된 병기 T3, T4와 IIE 환자에서는 화학요법제의 병용치료가 필요할 것 같다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.121-125
• /
• 2003

Burkitt's lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma occurring predominantly in children. In some cases, the first manifest site is the jaw, and the disease may be misdiagnosed as an infectious disease. A case of a 12-year-old boy with a painful swelling on the right retromolar triangle area is presented. At the time of the first visit, it was misdiagnosed as an osteomyelitis. Included are several characteristics and differential diagnosis of this disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권20호
• /
• pp.8759-8763
• /
• 2014

Background: Non-hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a diverse group of disease encompassing divergent tumor types with contrasting clinical behaviors. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of Ki67 index in segregating indolent from aggressive NHL and its association with clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: During a study period of 4.5 years, a total of 215 cases of lymphomas were diagnosed among of which 172 cases were NHL. Ki67 immunohistochemical staining was performed by the DAKO envision method. Average proportion of tumor cells stained was calculated to determine the proliferative index. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 46.2 years +19.8 (3-81) with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Mean Ki67 index for indolent NHL included 23% for small cell, 25% for mantle cell, 28.5% for marginal zone and 34.6% for follicular lymphoma. On the other hand, mean Ki67 index for aggressive lymphomas were 66.4%, 66.9%, 80.3%, 83.3% and 94.4% for diffuse large B cell, T cell (NOS), anaplastic large cell, lymphoblastic and burkitts lymphoma respectively. No significant correlation was found between Ki67 index and other clinical parameters like age and extra nodal involvement. Conclusions: Ki67 index is a valuable IHC marker to distinguish indolent from aggressive lymphomas especially in small needle biopsies where exact typing may not be possible.