• Korean Educational Research Journal
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2022

As the COVID-19 virus became prevalent worldwide, non-face-to-face contact was implemented in various ways, and the education system also began to draw much attention due to rapid non-face-to-face contact. The purpose of this study is to analyze the direction of non-face-to-face education in line with the continuously changing educational environment to date. In this study, data were visualized using Textom and Ucinet6 analysis tool programs to collect social network big data with various opinions. As a result of the study, keywords related to "COVID-19" were dominant, and keywords with high frequency such as "article" and "news" existed. As a result of the analysis, various issues related to non-face-to-face education, such as network failures and security issues, were identified. After the analysis, the direction of the non-face-to-face education system was studied according to the growth of the education market and changes in the educational environment. In addition, there is a need to strengthen security and feedback on teaching methods in non-face-to-face education analyzed using big data.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.91-103
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• 2022

Purpose: After COVID-19, changes in the educational ecosystem take place and fire service academy education system have shifted from face-to-face into non fact-to-face. So, the educational effect of fire officials is decreased and the satisfaction level is also decreased. In this study, we want to examine the current status of non-face-to-face real-time remote education and supplement the problems to improve the educational methods, the educational environment, etc. Method: This study is an independent variable that affects non-face-to-face real-time remote education, consisting of education system environment, self-efficacy of computers, contents (education contents, structure, design, etc.), and proper interaction. A dependent variable was selected with satisfaction for non-face-to-face real-time remote education. In addition, it was selected and analyzed as an active property of learning motivation and learning attitude as control variables. Result: The better the content and the more active the learning motivation and the attitude toward learning, the higher the satisfaction of non-face-to-face real-time remote education, and the more active the learning motivation and the attitude toward learning, the more positive the computer self-efficacy and the satisfaction of learning Conclusion: In order to increase the satisfaction of non-face-to-face real-time education due to COVID-19, education designers or professors need to provide non-face-to-face education contents that can increase the aggressiveness of their learning motivation and learning attitude, and to increase the satisfaction of education for learners by increasing computer self-efficacy through pre-education of non-face-to-face education systems.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.53-65
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• 2021

Background: To survey and analyze awareness and recognition during a non-face-to-face lecture, and satisfaction with among dental technology students. Methods: Total 179 undergraduates were surveyed from the Department of Dental Technology. Frequency analysis, cross analysis, independent sample t-test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used for analyzing statistics. Results: Overall satisfaction with the non-face-to-face lecture was the highest (p=.037) while watching a recorded lecture in the theory curriculum subject. In the case of practical subjects, satisfaction with face-to-face lectures appeared to be higher (p=.039) compared to non-face-to-face lectures. Factors influencing the recognition of non-face-to-face lecture quality included awareness of a place to conduct a class and of face-to-face delivered lecture quality, satisfaction with face-to-face lecture, and satisfaction with non-face-to-face lecture. Factors affecting satisfaction with a non-face-to-face lecture included a place to conduct a class, the most effective theory non-face-to-face class method, the method of having been experienced the most among non-face-to-face lecture methods, and the recognition of non-face-to-face lecture quality. Conclusions: Future educational environment should include combined face-to-face and non-face-to-face lectures. An efficient educational indicator will be needed to evaluate learners' assessments and opinions about online classes, followed by its application to teaching methods.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.93-102
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• 2022

Due to COVID-19, all activities in society are emphasized non-face-to-face, and the educational environment is changing without exception. Looking at the results of the survey after conducting non-face-to-face education, there was a lot of rejection of non-face-to-face practical education. The biggest reason was that instructors were not familiar with the non-face-to-face education method, and feedback was not smooth during or after education. In particular, software practice education was not easy to share the software development environment, but communication and feedback on class contents and tasks were important. In particular, if face-to-face and non-face-to-face are alternately variable, it is not easy for practical education to be consistently connected. Even if non-face-to-face hands-on education is changed to face-to-face hands-on education, we will present a plan to use a data sharing system such as question-and-answer, assignment, practice content, and board content so that it can proceed smoothly. This study presents an efficient software education process that can provide learners with a software integrated practice environment based on a shared server, question-and-answer between instructors and learners, and share feedback on tasks. For the verification of the presented process, the effectiveness was confirmed through the survey results by applying the face-to-face/non-face-to-face education process to 220 trainees for 30 months in software education classes such as A university hands-on education, B company new employees, and ICT education courses.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2022

This study aims to provide an industry-university cooperation cap in a non-face-to-face environment so that sharing and cooperation between universities can be shared based on the advanced digital technology between various universities at a time when it is rapidly changing to an online mode. It is in developing the stone design course. To this end, we analyzed the literature and previous studies on non-face-to-face environments and capstone design, developed a model for industrial-educational collaboration-type capstone design subjects in non-face-to-face environments, and suggested an application plan. The wearable capstone design program was pilot-applied, and the effectiveness was confirmed and corrected through the students' interview and questionnaire. This can be used as an industrial-educational cooperation engineering class capstone design class plan, providing basic data for development and operation, and as a step-by-step operation guide in a non-face-to-face environment.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.722-732
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• 2021

Purpose: Due to the coronavirus infection-19 (COVID) pendemics, all educational institutions were required to provide full non-face-to-face real-time education, and fire officials were required to provide fire-fighting education by applying non-face-to-face education. In this difficult situation, the National Fire Service Academy tries to find the direction of the non-face-to-face real-time education and suggest ways to improve it through a survey of the status of non-face-to-face real-time education conducted by the NFSA to fire officials. Method: A survey was conducted on fire officials under the theme of "Consciousness Survey for Improving the Quality and Specialization of Non-face-to-face Real-Time Remote Education" and an in-depth analysis was conducted based on the results. Result & Conclusion: First, professors or educational operators shall actively utilize remote education programs suitable for educational characteristics by utilizing various programs. Second, a dedicated notebook for non-face-to-face training should be provided to provide an educational environment where all learners can participate in the training without difficulty. Third, in the case of education and training that requires the use of equipment due to the nature of fire officials' education and training, it is necessary to consider it as a non-face-to-face training place by arranging educational equipment at each fire station. Fourth, it is hard to expect a satisfactory educational effect to cope with practical education with theoretical education. Therefore, facilities and programs that enable non-face-to-face real-time hands-on training should be developed. It is worth considering the proper combination of face-to-face education while maintaining the social distance as much as possible until such non-face-to-face training is possible. Fifth, non-face-to-face education is considered to have high eye fatigue due to the light and electromagnetic waves of the computer screen, and as time goes by, the concentration level decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to form an education time to reduce the eye fatigue of learners and increase concentration through proper class and rest time. Finally, professors should operate a learner participation-oriented education that allows professors and learners to interact rather than one-sided knowledge transfer education. In addition, technical problems of non-face-to-face remote education should be thoroughly prepared through preliminary system checks to ensure that education is not disrupted.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.67-73
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• 2023

Under the influence of COVID-19, as a measure of social distancing for about two years and one month, non-face-to-face services using ICT element technology are expanding not only to the education sector but to all fields. In particular, as educational programs using the Metaverse platform spread to various fields, educators, and learners have more learning experiences using Edutech, but problems through non-face-to-face learning such as reduced immersion or concentration in education are raising In this paper, to overcome the problems raised through non-face-to-face learning and develop metaverse immersive media digital contents to improve the educational environment, we utilize VR (Virtual Reality) based on an immersive metaverse to provide education / Training contents and the educational environment was established. In this paper, we presented a system to increase immersion and concentration in educational contents in a virtual environment using HMD (Head Mounted Display) for learners who are put into military education/training. Immersion was further improved.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.571-591
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the intention to use online collaboration tools for non-face-to-face educational environment in the perspective of the learners. Methods: For empirical analysis, the survey of this study was administered with data that were limited to experienced learners using online collaboration tools such as Google Docs, Allo, Padlet, and Slido in online education environments such as Zoom, Webex, MS Teams, etc. and valid 400 data were analyzed by SPSS(ver 22.0) and R(ver 4.1.0) program package. Results: The results of empirical analysis showed that performance expectancy were found to have an effect on reliability of system quality, empathy of service quality, playfulness and informativity of content quality among the characteristics of online collaboration tools. On the other hand, it was found that the security of system quality, responsiveness of service quality, and extroversion of user personality characteristics did not affect. It was analyzed that playfulness had the greatest positive effect, followed by informativity, empathy, and reliability. Among the characteristics of online collaboration tools, it was found that the reliability and security of system quality and informativity of content quality had an effect on the effort expectancy. It was analyzed that informativity has the greatest influence, followed by security and reliability. Conclusion: This study is meaningful in that it examines the perspectives of users and learners, who can be said to be the end customers of online collaboration tools. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that not only platform operators that provide online collaborative tools, but also providers that use online collaboration tools will have a significant impact on the development of edutech and infrastructure in the educational environment.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.119-135
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• 2020

Owing to pandemic (COVID-19), the traditional face-to-face education method has been changed to the non-face-to-face real-time online education methods. Using a real time-based video conference system, synchronous education can be adopted by face-to-face class easily. Specially, it is very important to minimize the difference in learning effects between face-to-face and non-face-to-face in Entrepreneurship education. In this study, in order to derive the factors that affect the satisfaction of learners in synchronous online education, authors collected data from learners taking a synchronous entrepreneurship course. Through previous research, learned the reality of education and the composition of lessons. Spatiotemporal effectiveness, mentor ability, and educational environment influence learning satisfaction. PLS-SEM results revealed that it was confirmed that only spatiotemporal effects affect learner satisfaction. However, the education environment (fluent operation and convenience of function use of real-time based online conference system) effect teaching presence, class structure, and spatiotemporal effects. Through this research, we hope to provide theoretical and practical support for developing effective teacher activities, proper lesson structure, convenient function of the conference system, and learner-centered online learning environment when developing synchronous online classes.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.305-320
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• 2021

Due to COVID-19, the education and training environment in vocational competency development has changed significantly. In vocational education and training, where the proportion of face-to-face training is more extensive than in other areas of education, some training courses had no choice but to be converted to online. This study presents a distance training system plan for non-contact vocational training by analyzing the learner's non-contact learning experiences. Non-face-to-face education experiences were investigated for learners of private vocational training institutions, universities, and public higher vocational training institutions. The main contents of the survey were to analyze the non-face-to-face learning experiences of these learners for the educational environment and educational purposes. Based on the results of the learners' non-face-to-face learning experiences, a draft of a remote training system construction plan for non-face-to-face education was composed, and a Delphi study was conducted on the draft non-face-to-face remote training system. A method for establishing a distance training system including non-face-to-face teaching and learning strategies, learning and operation support was proposed with these results.