• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.225-231
• /
• 2008

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with various metabolic abnormalities, including central obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure. This suggests that NAFLD may represent the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. In this study, we investigated unfavorable effects NAFLD on components of metabolic syndrome in post-menopause women. Eight hundred sixty-nine postmenopausal women were recruited for this study. The diagnosis of fatty liver was based on the results of abdominal ultrasonography. Serum levels of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL-cholesterol were measured. The prevalence of component of metabolic syndrome such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low-HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in subjects with NAFLD as compared with those without NAFLD. The moderate to severe grade of NAFLD presented higher levels of serum fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, and triglycerides than the mild NAFLD and the normal group. In conclusion, metabolic syndrome risk was increased in post-menopause women with NAFLD as compared with those without NAFLD. The severity of NAFLD affected metabolic syndrome risk factors. The optimal strategy for the treatment of NAFLD is likely to include lifestyle modifications and therapy to improve insulin resistance.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제31권8호
• /
• pp.1254-1262
• /
• 1998

This study has done to investigate the relationship between the icreased lipid oncentration caused by smoking and plama levels of vitamin A and vitamin E, antiodative enzyme activity, and lipid peroxidation , in 52 male smokers and 32 non-smokers, Dietary vitamin A and vitamin E intake was imilar in both smokers and non-smokers. Absolute plasma concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin E were not significantly different between two groups, whereas vitamin E/cholesterol ration in plasma was low or in smokers than in that of non-smokers(p<0.05). It was considered that this lowered effect was due to the elevated plasma lipid concentration rather than oxidant stress derived from smoking, in view of the fact that smokers had higher cholesterol (15.2%) adn LDL-C(26.6%) levels than non-smokers. In non-smokers, plasma thiobarbiturin acid reactive substances(TBARS) conrrelated positively with total cholesterol(r=0.63466, p<0.001), LDL-C level(r=0.57166, p<0.01) , and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio(r=0.45926, p<0.05) . Activities of glutathione perosidase(GSH-Px) , superoside dismutase(SOD), and catalse made no difference in both groups. However, it was observed in non-smokers that GSH-Px activity had negative correlations with total cholesterol(r=-0.67293, p<0.001), LDL-C level(r=-0.62878, p<0.001), and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (r=-0.58824, p<0.01), indicating that there was a dependent relationship between lipid perosidation and plasma lipid level. The smokers also showed negative correlations for GSH-Px activity with total cholesterol (r=-0.29946, p<0.05) and LDL-c level (r=0.45914, p<0.001), and LDL-C/HDL-c ratio(r=-0.35438, p<0.05). It seemed that the lipid that the lipid level elevated by sustaines smoking resulted in reducing vitamin E/cholesterol ratio and proportion of antioxidant to oxidant load, and then GSH-Px activity, with insufficient removal of free radicals(TBARS 2.43$\pm$0.51 and 1.81$\pm$0.15nmol/ml in smokers and non-smokers, respectively). These findings suggest that higher plasma lipid levels may play a more important role in perturbing the antioxidant defense system including vitamin E status and GSH-Px activity, at least in circumstances that increase lipid concentration . In addition, in exposure to free radicals like those in cigarette smoke. In those cases the ratio of vitamin E/lipid in plasma can be a more indicator of vitamin E status than plasma levels of vitamin E alone.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to determine the independent and the combined effects of cell cultured Acanthopanax senticosus extracts (ASE) supplementation and swimming exercise on body weight, lipid profile, carnitine and leptin levels in C57 BL/6J mice. Forty C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: non-supplement and non-exercise (NSNE); non-supplement and exercise (NSE); supplement and non-exercise (SNE); supplement and exercise (SE) mice. They were allowed free access to food and water. The exercised groups were forced to swim (1hr, 6 days a week) in a water bath for 12 weeks. The supplemented groups were fed Cell cultured ASE (0.5 g/kg body weight/day) for 12 weeks. In this study, we found that the combination of Cell cultured ASE supplementation and exercise significantly decreased liver triglyceride (TG) level and serum leptin level but significantly increased serum HDL-cholesterol level compare to control (NSNE) group. These improved lipid profiles and decreased serum leptin would have positive effects on obesity and cardiovascular disease.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.350-356
• /
• 2001

우리나라에도 심혈관질환으로 인한 사망률이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 채식과 심혈관질환과의 관계를 규명하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 채식을 하는 비구니스님을 대상으로 하여 연구한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사 대상자의 평균나이는 채식인 44.20세, 비채식인 40.52세, BMI는 각각 22.47, 21.08이었고, WHR은 0.85, 0.84였고, %BF는 28.79, 26.55였으며, 채식인의 평균채식기간은 13.16년이었다. 조사 대상자의 영양소 섭취실태는 채식인은 모든 영양소가 권장량을 상회하였고, 비채식인은 Ca, 비타민 A가 권장량을 미달하였다. 섬유소와 비타민 C 섭취량은 채식인이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았다. 조사 대상자의 소비에너지는 채식군 1789.84 kcal, 비채식군 1703.83 kcal로 채식군이 유의하게 많았고(p<0.05), 활동량도 채식군 507.76 kcal, 비채식군 400.03 kcal로 채식군이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 조사 대상자의 total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, AI, 이완기혈압 및 혈당은 비채식인이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았고, HDL-cholesterol은 (p<0.05) 비채식인이 유의적으로 높았으며 심질환 예견지수인 HDL/total cholesterol 비는 채식인이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았다. 활동량은 두군 모두 중성지방, 혈청 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol, AI와는 역상관을 보였다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과에서 채식군은 비채식군에 비해 혈중지질 수준, 혈당, 혈압에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려진 BMI, RBW, WHR,%BF가 유의적으로 높았음(p<0.05)에도 불구하고 혈정 총콜레스테롤, LDL-choleserol, AI 및 수축기혈압이 유의적으로 낮았는데 이는 여러가지 요인이 있겠지만 채식군이 비채식군에 비해 섬유소, 비타민 C의 섭취량 및 활동량이 유의하게(p<0.01) 높았기 때문으로 생각된다. 따라서 혈중지질 수준, 혈당, 혈압에 영향을 미치는 것은 식이요인 뿐만 아니라 활동량 등 여러가지 생활양식이 영향을 미치는 것으로 볼 수 있다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.183-192
• /
• 2001

우리나라도 경제성장으로 식생활 수준이 향상되고 국제교류가 활발함에 따라 식생활에 많은 변화가 있었다. 이러한 식사형태의 변화와 더불어 서구의 문제라고 여겼던 심혈관 질환을 비롯한 만성질환으로 인한 사망률이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 채식과 일반식을 하는 사람들을 대상으로 식습관과 식품군별 섭취빈도 등이 혈중 지질수준과 혈당, 혈압에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 평균나이는 채식인 44.20세, 비채식인 40.52세, BMI는 각각 22.47, 21.08이었고, WHR은 0.85, 0.84였고, %BF는 28.79, 26.55였으며, 채식인의 평균채식기간은 13.16년이었다. 조사대상자의 total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, AI, 이완기혈압 및 혈당은 비책식인이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았고, HDL-cholesterol도 비채식인이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05) 심질환 예견지수인 HDL/total cholesterol 비는 채식인이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높았다. 조사대상자의 식습관 점수는 채식인이 25.07, 비채식인이 23.10으로 채식인이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05) 비채식군에서는 식습관 점수가 높을수록 중성지방은 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 두 군 모두 혈청 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol 및 AI는 식습관 점수가 높을수록 유의적으로 낮아졌으며(p<0.01), 같은 식습관 접수대에서는 채식인이 혈청 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol, AI가 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 비채식군에서는 식습관 점수가 높으면 수축기 혈압이 유의적으로 낮아졌다(p<0.05). 채식인은 육류 및 생선, 계란, 우유 및 유제품을 전혀 먹지 않는 반면 곡류, 콩 및 콩제품, 녹황색야채 및 과일, 구근류, 해조류, 유지류는 대부분이 매일 2회 이상 먹고 그 섭취빈도가 비채식군에 비하여 두드러지게 높았다. 비채식인은 채식인과는 반대로 육류, 생선, 계란, 우유 및 유제품의 섭취빈도가 높고 녹황색야채와 구근류, 콩 및 콩제품의 섭취빈도가 낮았다. 이상의 결과에서 볼 때 채식인은 비채식인에 비해 식습관 점수가 유의적으로 높았으며(p

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.250-255
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among plasma leptin, lipid profiles, insulin levels, and percentage of body fat of 72 schoolchildren from Obese Clinic Center in Seoul. The subjects divided into two groups: 39 obesity children [obesity index greater than $20\%$] who did not have a discernable medical cause of their obesity and 33 children with a obesity index less than $20\%$. The mean age, height, and obesity index of the subjects were 10.4 years, 144.0 cm, and $21.3\%$, respectively. The mean glucose and insulin levels of the obese children were 80.5 mg/dl and $13.3\;{\mu}IU/mL$ and those of the non obese children were 82.0 mg/dl and $4.2\;{\mu}IU/mL$, respectively. Obese children had significantly (p<0.05) higher level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and insulin concentration than non-obese children. However obese children had a lower level of HDL-cholesterol than non-obese children. Plasma leptin level were also positively correlated with BMI (p<0.000l), body fat (p<0.0001), tricep skinfold thickness (p<0.0001), mid arm circumference (p<0.0001), and waist hip ratio (p<0.0001). Plasma leptin showed a significantly positive correlation with insulin (p<0.0001), total cholesterol (p<0.0001), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.0001), and triglyceride (p<0.0001) levels, however, it was negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (p<0.0001) levels. In conclusion, the concentration of leptin in the blood is significantly correlated with the amount of body fat, BMI, plasma insulin, and plasma lipid profiles.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.574-582
• /
• 1998

This study was carried out to discover the effects of eating habits and health-related life style on blood pressure, $\gamma$-Glutamic acid Peptide Transferase($\gamma$-GPT), blood glucose and High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol(HDL-C). 185 subjects(85 male, 100 female) were selected, who were living in the Cheonju area aged 40#s to 60#s. The mean systollic blood pressure(SBP), diastollic blood pressure (DBP), $\gamma$-GPT, fasting blood sugar(FBS) and HDL-C for all the subjects were 118mmHg, 77mmHg, 281U/l, 90mg/dl and 45mg/dl, respectively. The SBP and DBP for subuects over 60 years old were 126mmHg and 81mmHg and were significantly higher than subjects in their 40#s and 50#s(p<0.001, p<0.005). The HDL-C of the group that rarely ate breakfast was 57mg/dl and that was significantly higher than the 44mg/dl scored by those who ate breakfast everyday(p<0.05). The SBP for subjects having a snack 2-3 times/week was 125mmHg and that was significantly higher than the 114mmHg of those having a snack everyday(p<0.05). The $\gamma$-GPT for subjects consuming alcohol everyday was 44IU/L and that was significantly higher than 18IU/I of the non-drinking group(p<0.001). The $\gamma$-GPT of light smokers was 53IU/I and that was significantly higher than the 22IU/I for non-smoking participants(p<0.001). The DBP, SBP, $\gamma$-GPT, FBS and HDL-C related to exercise not significantly different. The SBP(p<0.001) and DBP(p-0.01) between age group was positively correlated. The $\gamma$-GPT between drinking frequency(p<0.001), drinking quantity(p<0.05), and smoking(p<0.05) was also positively correlated. The FBS between exercises had a negative correlation(p<0.05), and the HDL-C between breakfast had a negative correlation(p<0.05). These results indicate that decreasing drinking and smoking, when combined with appropriate exercise, will decrease the $\gamma$-GPT and fasting blood sugar level, and help preventing adult diseases.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.702-710
• /
• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to assess the effects of eating habits and health-related lifestyle on blood pressure, $\gamma$-Glutamic acid Peptide Transferase ($\gamma$-GPT), glucose and HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C). All subjects (261 male, 252 female) were from the Iksan area of Korea, and were at least 50 years of age. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and HDL-C for all the subjects was 131.3 mmHg, 78.5 mmHg, and 43.1 mg/dl, respectively. The HDL-C of the $50{\sim}64$ year-old group was higher than that of the over-75-year-old group. The "regular breakfast" group evidenced a lower SBP, $\gamma$-GPT, and higher HDL-C than the "seldom breakfast" group (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.01). SBP in the "snacking everyday" group was higher than that of the "seldom snacking" group (p<0.001). As for the frequency of using alcohol, SBP and $\gamma$-GPT for the group using alcohol everyday were higher than those of the non-drinking group (p<0.001, p<0.001), SBP and DBP were higher and $\gamma$-GPT was lower in the group that regularly drank more than 4 glasses of Soju than in the non-drinking group (p<0.001, p<0.05, p<0.001). SBP, DBP, and $\gamma$-GPT for the "heavy smoker" group were higher than those of the non-smoker group (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.05). The HDL-C was lower in the "heavy smoker" group than in the "non-smoker" group (p<0.05). The SBP with exercise was as follows: Group 1 ($0.022{\sim}0.073\;kcal/min/kg$) was lower than that of Group 3 ($0.144{\sim}0.161\;kcal/min/kg$) and Group 4 (0.161 kcal/min/kg) (p<0.001). To conclude: advancing age, snacking, and frequent alcohol consumption increased blood pressure; the lowest blood pressure was detected in the group that ate breakfast everyday and in the group that engaged in more frequent exercise; Moreover, $\gamma$-GPT was higher and HDL-C was lower in the smokers' group than in the non-smokers' group. Considering the results of this study, there appears to be an urgent need to instruct aging adults about eating breakfast everyday, reducing smoking, using less or no alcohol, and getting proper and regular exercise.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.115-122
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study to examine lipid profiles and lipoprotein (a) concentrations and identify the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with macrovascular complications. The subjects were consisted of 618 out patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from beginning of March through the end of April in 2001, who visited at the endocrinology department at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital of Catholic University in Seoul. The patient's clinical laboratory data and the occurrence of chronic complications of diabetes were assessed at medical record review. The data were analyzed using for t-test. chi-square test and logistic regression. The results were as follows : 1. There were no significant differences in age. duration of diabetes. body mass index, sex, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and $HbA_{1}c$ level between macrovascular complication group and non macrovascular complication group. 2. There were significant differences in the level of total cholesterol. triglyceride. HDL(High density lipoprotein) cholesterol, LDL(Low density lipoprotein) cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) between macrovascular complication group and non macrovascular complication group. 3. Significant factor associated with macrovascular complication in the logistic regression best gut model was HDL cholesterol.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.166-170
• /
• 2003

삼백초가 TCDD 투여로 유발된 rat의 지질대사에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 NTT, TTA, STT군으로 각각 10마리씩 나누어 TCDD를 투여하고 4주 동안 물질을 투여하였다. 4주 후 희생시켜서 혈청과 간의 지질대사를 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Total Cholesterol에서 삼백초를 투여한 STT군은 NTT군 비교해서 14.46% 증가하였으며, 혈청 중의 HDL-Cholesterol은 SST군이 TTA군과 비교하여 21.29% 증가하였고 94.98%로 엑제되었다. LDL-Cholesterol에서는 STT군이 TTA군 보다 12.86% 감소하였으며, 48.34%로 억제되었다. 2. 혈청중의 TG의 함량은 TTA군이 NTT군에 비해 34.84% 증가하였다. TTA 군에 비해 STT군은 7.06% 감소하였으며, 18.9% 억제시킨다 3. 간조직 중의 MDA량은 STT군이 TTA군에 비해 17.14% 감소하였고, 32.72%의 억제율을 보였다.