• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2012

최근 클라우드 컴퓨팅을 위한 많은 표준화 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 데이터 공유 및 교환을 위한 표준 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 무엇보다 해당 표준화 기구에서는 의미 상호운용성 향상을 위한 구체적인 표준화 항목 및 참조 모델을 제시하고 있지 않다. 이 논문에서는 현재까지의 표준화 문제점을 정의하고, 의미 상호운용성 제공을 위한 구체적인 표준화 항목 및 참조 모델을 제안한다. 이를 위해 먼저 클라우드 컴퓨팅을 위한 전반적인 표준화 동향을 분석하고, 특히 데이터의 의미적 상호운용성을 제공을 위한 표준 개발 현황을 기술한다. 또한 다양한 분야의 표준개발에 이용된 데이터 교환 및 관리 분야의 표준 개념을 기반으로 잠재적인 표준화 항목을 정의한다. 마지막으로, 표준화 항목 간의관계성과 전체적인 의미 상호운용성 과정을 보여주기 위해 참조 모델을 기술한다. 이 논문은 표준 개발을 위한 가이드라인으로서 이용될 수 있으며, 아울러 클라우드 컴퓨팅의 표준화를 촉진할 수 있다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.492-501
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• 2015

To improve the shortcomings of baked Yugwa 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% natural ind igestible materials,- (gellan gum, glucomannan and carrageenan) were each treated with glutinous rice-baked Yugwa was processed, and quality imprpvements were deducted. Baked Yugwa with natural additives,- (gellan gum, glucomannan and carrageenan) was compared,- to additional test results with sample 1.5%(w/w) additives,- The one showing the highest preference from the sensory test was the acid number reference group at $2.19{\pm}0.42$, while the sample groups,- with different additives, were lower than the reference group by $1.48{\pm}0.39$ to $1.67{\pm}0.68$. The peroxide number reference group showed the highest preference of $49.34{\pm}0.42$, whereas the sample groups, with different additives, showed lower preferences than the reference group by $36.72{\pm}$0.42 compared to the sample group of glucomannan 1.5% (w/w), $32.45{\pm}0.59$ compared to the sample group of gellan gum 1.5%(w/w), and $28.65{\pm}0.56$ compared to the sample group of carrageenan 1.5% (w/w). According to the preference test targeting employees of Korean cake, manufacturers, there was no significant difference in color and flavor among all groups, whereas the sample group of carrageenan 1.5% (w/w) showed the highest scores in items of taste, texture and overall-preference, and also sample groups of glucomannan 1.5% (w/w) and gellan gum 1.5% (w/w) scored higher than the reference group. Baked Yugwa with 1.5% (w/w) additives of carrageenan, glucomannan and gellan gum have higher marketability by decreasing deterioration caused by oxidation of existing deep fried Yugwa and by improving the solid texture of baked Yugwa.

• 논리연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.341-368
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• 2016

"p이지만 나는 p라고 믿지 않는다"와 같은 문장은 어떤 상황에서도 자연스럽게 발화될 수 있을 것 같지 않고, 심지어는 부조리하고 모순되게 들리기까지 한다. 무어의 역설이 제기하는 문제는 왜 이런 문장이 아무런 형식적인 모순이 없음에도 불구하고 이를 발화하는 것이 부조리하게 들리는지를 설명하는 것이다. 무어의 역설에 대한 기존의 견해는 주로 믿음이나 주장(assertion)의 성격에서 그 부조리성의 근원을 찾으려 한다. 필자는 본 논문에서 기존의 견해들이 무어의 역설을 만족스럽게 설명하지 못함을 주장하고, 이에 대한 새로운 설명을 제안한다. 이 제안에 따르면 무어의 역설의 근원은 "자기-지시"에 있다. 자기-지시는 주체가 어떤 특정한 방식으로 믿음을 형성하는 성향에 의해 부분적으로 구성되는데, 무어의 역설은 주체가 자신을 "나"로 지시하는 동시에 어떤 사람을 "나"로 지시하기 위해 만족시켜야할 조건을 만족시키지 못하는 데에서 발생한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1973-1979
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• 2016

기술이 발전하면서 카메라를 통해 3D 측정을 하는 방법은 계속 발전되어왔고 최근에는 여러 주기의 fringe pattern을 이용한 측정 방법을 쓰고 있다. 본 논문에서는 여러 주기의 fringe pattern을 이용한 3D 측정 방법에 대한 기존 방법의 문제점을 제시하고, 이에 대한 해결 방안으로 기준면의 절대위상과 물체의 위상차를 이용한 물체의 절대위상을 구하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 이용하면 새로운 물체에 대해서 매번 여러 주기의 fringe pattern을 조사하지 않고 물체의 절대위상을 얻을 수 있다. 따라서 제안하는 방법을 이용하면, 측정단계에서 취득하는 영상의 개수가 적기 때문에 보다 빠른 속도로 3D 측정을 할 수 있다. 실험을 통하여 제안하는 방법의 유용성을 보였다.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2019

Background: The standardized autonomic function test has become widely available. However, there are no reference data for this test for the Korean population. This study explored reference data for sudomotor and cardiovagal function tests for the Korean population. Methods: The sweat volume by quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test, heart-rate response to deep breathing (HRdb), expiration:inspiration (E:I) ratio, and Valsalva ratio (VR) were measured in 297 healthy Korean volunteers aged from 20 to 69 years. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of age, sex, and body mass index on these variables. The 2.5th, 5th, 10th, 90th, 95th, and 97.5th percentile values were obtained for each investigation. Results: The sweat volume was higher in males than in females. The HRdb and E:I ratio were negatively correlated with age, and were higher in males than in females. The VR was negatively correlated with age, but it was not correlated with sex. Conclusions: This study has provided data on the reference ranges for sudomotor and cardiovagal function tests in healthy Korean adults.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제50권
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• pp.2.1-2.7
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• 2020

Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is an analytical technique that can provide the structural, physical and chemical information of materials. The EELS spectra can be obtained by combining with TEM at sub-nanometer spatial resolution. However, EELS spectral information can't be obtained easily because in order to interpret EELS spectra, we need to refer to and/or compare many reference data with each other. And in addition to that, we should consider the different experimental variables used to produce each data. Therefore, reliable and easily interpretable EELS standard reference data are needed. Our Electron Energy Loss Data Center (EELDC) has been designated as National Standard Electron Energy Loss Data Center No. 34 to develop EELS standard reference (SR) data and to play a role in dissemination and diffusion of the SR data to users. EELDC has developed and collected EEL SR data for the materials required by major industries and has a total of 82 EEL SR data. Also, we have created an online platform that provides a one-stop-place to help users interpret quickly EELS spectra and get various spectral information. In this paper, we introduce EEL SR data, the homepage of EELDC and how to use them.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2259-2263
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• 2013

Background: Public use National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and NHANES III linked mortality data were here applied to investigate the association between health insurance coverage and all cause and all cancer mortality in adults. Patients and Methods: NHANES III household adult, laboratory and mortality data were merged. Only patients examined in the mobile examination center (MEC) were included in this study. The sampling weight employed was WTPFEX6, SDPPSU6 being used for the probability sampling unit and SDPSTRA6 to designate the strata for the survey analysis. All cause and all cancer mortalities were used as binary outcomes. The effect of health insurance coverage status on all cause and all cancer mortalities were analyzed with potential socioeconomic, behavioral and health status confounders. Results: There were 2398 sample persons included in this study. The mean age was 40 years and the mean (S.E.) follow up was 171.85 (3.12) person months from the MEC examination. For all cause mortality, the odds ratios (significant p-values) of the covariates were: age, 1.0095 (0.000); no health insurance coverage (using subjects with health insurance), 1.71 (0.092); black race (using non-Hispanic white subjects as the reference group) 1.43, (0.083); Mexican-Americans, 0.60 (0.089); DMPPIR, 0.82, (0.000); and drinking hard liquor, 1.014 (0.007). For all cancer mortality, the odds ratio (significant p-values) of the covariates were: age, 1.0072 (0.00); no health insurance coverage, using with health coverage as the reference group, 2.91 (0.002); black race, using non-Hispanic whites as the reference group, 1.64 (0.047); Mexican Americans, 0.33 (0.008) and smoking, 1.017 (0.118). Conclusion: There was a 70% increase in risk of all cause death and almost 300% of all cancer death for people without any health insurance coverage.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2011

This experiment was conducted as a part of Asia collaborative study on purpose of verifying the difference between CM6 and CM7 including 3R4F for reference. It carried out using various analytical categories for example, main stream, sidestream and Av. smoke. Additional analysis such as physical properties, blending ratio, combustibility and general leaf component analysis also implemented in order to investigate the difference. We complied with ISO standard and CORESTA recommended method during analytical operating procedures. In this study, we described that comparative analytical result for CM6 and CM7 known as reference or monitoring cigarettes including 3R4F for reference. All sample cigarettes were conditioned at $22^{\circ}C$, 60% relative humidity for 48 hours. Av. Smoke, MS and SS smoke analysis were performed over five times with two smoking condition, ISO and Health Canada with the exception of Av. smoke analysis. We complied with ISO standard method during analytical operating procedures. And, we conducted additional analysis, such as physical properties, blending ratio, combustibility and leaf component analysis also in order to investigate the difference. In conclusion, we found out some differences between CORESTA monitoring cigarette No. 6 and No 7. The smoke components such as total particulate matters, NFDPM, nicotine and carbon monoxide contents of CM7 were a little lower than CM6. And, these phenomena were the same as not only main stream smoke but also side stream smoke and Av. smoke. This tendency was consistent with ISO and Health Canada smoking condition. Besides, leaf constituents' color of CM7 was darker than CM6. In case of combustibility, it showed short combustion time approximately 30 seconds.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2022

Background: Shoulder impingement syndrome, a major cause of shoulder pain, involves weakness of the scapular retractor muscles. The major scapular retractor muscles are the middle trapezius and rhomboid major muscles; however, the latter is excluded in most studies. Objects: We aimed to measure the thickness of the middle trapezius and rhomboid major muscles using an ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system while performing four different shoulder retraction exercises and comparing the thicknesses and ratio of the thicknesses of these muscles. Methods: The thickness of the middle trapezius and rhomboid major muscles was measured in 24 healthy adults using ultrasound. Muscle thickness was measured three times in the Reference posture and four times while performing four different exercises that involved scapular retraction. The averages and standard deviations of the measured muscle thicknesses were obtained and compared. The ratio of muscle thickness and rate of changes in muscle thickness between the reference posture and the four exercises were compared. Results: For both, male (n = 10) and female (n = 14), there was a significant difference in the thickness of the middle trapezius muscle between the reference posture and the four exercises (p < 0.05) and in the thickness of the middle trapezius and rhomboid major muscles between male and female (p < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference in the ratio of the thicknesses of these muscles. Although a significant difference in the rate of change in muscle thickness during the four exercises was noted, there was no significant difference in the ratio of change in muscle thickness. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the ratio of the thicknesses of the middle trapezius and rhomboid major muscles and the rate of change in their thickness during exercises involving scapular retraction in healthy people in their 20s-30s.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.398-403
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• 2006

This paper describes the evaluation of the long duration current impulse withstand characteristics of ZnO blocks for high voltage surge arresters. Four ZnO varistors were manufactured with the general ceramic production method and the long duration current impulse withstand test, electrical uniformity evaluation test and microstructure observation were performed. All varistors exhibited high density, which was in the range of $5.42{\sim}5.46g/cm^3$. In the electrical properties, the reference voltage of samples was in the range of $5.11{\sim}5.25\;kV$ and the residual voltage was in the range of $8.314{\sim}8.523\;kV$. In the long duration current impulse withstand test, sample No.2 and No.3 failed at the 2nd and 4th shot of series impulse currents, respectively, but the rest survived 18 shots during the test. Before and after this test, the variation ratio of the residual voltage of samples survived was below 0.5 %, which was in the acceptance range of 5 %. According to the results of the test, it is thought that if the soldering method is improved, ZnO varistors would be possible to apply to the high voltage arresters like the station class and transmission line arresters in the near future.