• Title/Summary/Keyword: Nitrogen Uptake

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Growth and Nutrient Uptake of 'Seolhyang' Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) Responded to Elevated Nitrogen Concentrations in Nutrient Solution (질소 시비농도가 '설향' 딸기(Fragaria × ananassa Duch)의 생장과 무기원소 흡수에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Jong-Myung;Latigui, Ahmed;Yoon, Moo-Kyung
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.777-782
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    • 2010
  • This research tested five modified Hoagland solutions for proper fertility management of nitrogen in 'Seolhyang' strawberry cultivations. The changes of nutrient solutions were in total nitrogen concentrations ($meq{\cdot}L^{-1}$) such as 0 (${NO^-}_3$), 2.5 (${NO_3}^-$), 5 (${NO_3}^-$), 10 ($7.5{NO_3}^-$ + $2.5{NH_4}^+$) and 15 ($10{NO_3}^-$ + $5{NH_4}^+$). The fresh weight and $NO_3$-N concentrations in petiole sap responded to the elevated nitrogen concentrations in fertilizer solution in quadratic (y=7.10+2.668x-$0.115x^2$, $R^2=0.7983^{***}$) and linear (y=26.14+5.245x, $R^2=0.6083^{***}$), respectively. The dry weight and N content of the above ground plant tissue responded to the elevated nitrogen in quadratic (y=2.140+0.492x-$0.022x^2$, $R^2=0.6110^{***}$) and linear (y=0.569+0.033x, $R^2=0.6952^{***}$), respectively. In our experiment the solution with $5meq{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of ${NO_3}^-$ showed positive results in both dry and fresh weight productions. However, a future research about modification of this solution and growth and nutrient uptake response is necessary to achieve better growth of 'Seolhyang' strawberry.

Effect of Slow-Release Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Third-Harvest Tea Leaves (세물차의 수량 및 품질에 미치는 완효성비료 시비효과)

  • Park, Jang-Hyun;Choi, Hyeong-Kuk;Kim, Jong-Keun;Kim, Kil-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.269-273
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    • 2005
  • A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of slow-release fertilizer on the yield and quality of the third-harvest tea leaves. The yield of the third harvested tea leaves was decreased to 5.8-14.4% in slow-release fertilizer block, except to the N $50kg\;10a^{-1}$ ($316kg\;10a^{-1}$), compared to traditional urea treatment ($313kg\;10a^{-1}$). Nitrogen uptake and nitrogen uptake efficiency of slow-release fertilizer was reduced as nitrogen application level increased. The contents of chemical components related to the tea quality such as total-nitrogen, total amino acid, chlorophyll and theanine were somewhat lower in the slow-release fertilizer treatments, except to the treatment of N $50kg\;10a^{-1}$, than those in the traditional urea application, but those of tannin, caffeine and vitamin C were not different among the treatments. In scoring test, apparence and quality of green tea of the slow-release fertility treatments were not different, except to the N $40kg\;10a^{-1}$ treatment, compared to those in the treatment of urea. In conclusion, slow-release fertilizer and conventional urea treatments showed not different in both yield and quality of green tea.

Effects of Macrophytes on Budget of Matters in Lake Paldang (대형수생식물이 팔당호의 물질 수지에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Hae-Kyung;Jung, Dong-Il;Byeon, Myeong-Seop
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.39 no.1 s.115
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    • pp.85-92
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    • 2006
  • To evaluate the primary production and nutrient uptake of macrophytes in Lake Paldang, this study investigate the vegetation areas of six dominant aquatic plants including Typha angustifolia, Zizania latifolia, Phragmites australis, Trapa japonica, Nelumbo nucifera and Savinia natans, and contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus of each macrophyte. Total vegetation area of six dominant aquatic plants was 1.37 $km^2$. Among them, Typha angustifolia was the most wide-distributed species which occupied the 46.7% of total vegetation area. Littoral zone of South Han river had the largest vegetation area with 0.458 $km^2$, and North Han river, Kyungan river and confluence area in the order named. The results of the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus of macrophytes showed that the carbon contents of emergent macrophytes was higher than that of other life-forms. The nitrogen content of Salvinia natans, free-floating macrophyte was highest and that of Typha angustifolia, emergent macrophyte was lowest. The phosphorus content of Trapa japonica showed the highest content of phosphorus among six macrophytes and emergent macrophytes such as Zizania latifolia and Phragmites australis showed lower contents of phosphorus than other life-forms. The annual net primary production of macrophytes in Lake Paldang, 2004, was calculated as 758.4 ton C $yr^{-1}$ and the annual net nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of macrophyte was 16,921 kg $yr^{-1}$ and 1,841.0 kg P $yr^{-1}$ respectively. Comparing the total budget of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in Lake Paldang, the amount of primary production and nutrient uptake by macrophytes take a small portion in total budget implying macrophytes do not play an important role in budget of matters in river-type lake, Lake Paldang.

Evaluation of Biomass and Nitrogen Status in Paddy Rice Using Ground-Based Remote Sensors (지상원격측정 센서를 이용한 벼의 생체량 및 질소 영양 평가)

  • Kang, Seong-Soo;Gong, Hyo-Young;Jung, Hyun-Cheol;Kim, Yi-Hyun;Hong, Suk-Young;Hong, Soon-Dal
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.954-961
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    • 2010
  • Ground-based remote sensing can be used as one of the non-destructive, fast, and real-time diagnostic tools for quantifying yield, biomass, and nitrogen (N) stress during growing season. This study was conducted to assess biomass and nitrogen (N) status of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants under N stress using passive and active ground-based remote sensors. Nitrogen application rates were 0, 70, 100, and 130 kg N $ha^{-1}$. At each growth stage, reflectance indices measured with active sensor showed higher correlation with DW, N uptake and N concentration than those with the passive sensor. NIR/Red and NIR/Amber indices measured with Crop Circle active sensors generally had a better correlation with dry weight (DW), N uptake and N content than vegetation indices from Crop Circle passive sensor and NDVIs from active sensors. Especially NIR/Red and NIR/amber ratios at the panicle initiation stage were most closely correlated with DW, N content, and N uptake. Rice grain yield, DW, N content and N uptake at harvest were highly positively correlated with canopy reflectance indices measured with active sensors at all sampling dates. N application rate explains about 91~92% of the variability in the SI calculated from NIR/Red or NIR/Amber indices measured with Crop Circle active sensors on 12 July. Therefore, the in-season sufficiency index (SI) by NIR/Red or NIR/Amber index from Crop Circle active sensors can be used for determination of N application rate.

Effect of Potassium Application on Cation Uptake by Rice Plant and Leachate in Submerged Soil (답토양(畓土壤)에서 가리시용(加里施用)이 벼의 주요양(主要陽)이온 흡수(吸收)와 용탈(溶脫)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Jung, Kwang-Young;Cho, Seong-Jin;Huh, Beom-Lyang
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 1983
  • Major cation uptake by the rice plant and its leachates in submerged condition were studied at 3 different levels of potassium and nitrogen application with three texture soils (Clay loam, Loam, Sandy loam) by pot experiment. The results are as follows. 1. Potassium uptake and grain yields of rice plant were increased and calcium and magnesium uptake of rice plant were decreased by application of potassium. 2. The potassium application caused to increase Ca, Mg, K and $NH_4$ Content in leachate. 3. In the rice leaf at heading stage, the optimum cation ratios of K/Ca, K/Mg in me and $K_2O/N$ in % at N 3.3g/pot level were 1.59, 4.26 and 3.62, respectively, but the ratios were increased to 1.65, 4.32 and 3.94 at high level of nitrogen. 4. Similar trends of cation ratios were found in rice straw. leaching soil solution and soils after harvest by potassium application.

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Growth and Quality Improvement of Creeping Bentgrass by Two Fertilizers Containing Trichoderma Species (Trichoderma 종 미생물비료 시비에 따른 Creeping bentgrass 생육 및 품질 향상)

  • Lee, Jong-Jin;Kim, Young-Sun;Ham, Suon-Kyu;Lee, Chang-Eun;Lee, Geung-Joo
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.249-255
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    • 2015
  • Trichoderma spp. were famous fungi used for turfgrass management in golf course. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of two microbial fertilizers containing Trichoderma harzianum and T. atroviride on the growth and quality of creeping bentgrass with turf color index, chlorophyll index, root length, shoot number, clipping yield and nutrient content. Treatments were designed as follow; non-fertilizer (NF), control fertilizer (CF), T. harzianum (TH), and T. atroviride (TA). Chlorophyll index and root length of TH and TA were increased than these of CF and shoot number and content and uptake of nitrogen (N) of TA higher than these of CF. The N content in turfgrass tissue was significantly related to shoot number, root length and N uptake (P<0.05) and shoot number was positively relate to chlorophyll index (P<0.05). These results indicated that application of Trichoderma harzianum and T. atroviride improved a growth and quality of creeping bentgrass by promoting N uptake.

Recommendation of the Amount of Nitrogen Top Dressing based on Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Content for Leaf Perilla (Perilla frutescens) under the Plastic Film House (토양 질산태질소 함량에 따른 시설 잎들깨 질소 웃거름시비량 추천)

  • Kang, Seong-Soo;Lee, Ju-Young;Sung, Jwa-Kyung;Gong, Hyo-Young;Jung, Hyung-Jin;Park, Chang-Hwan;Yun, Yeo-Uk;Kim, Myung-Sook;Kim, Yoo-Hak
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.44 no.6
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    • pp.1112-1117
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to recommend nitrogen (N) top dressing based on soil nitrate content for leaf perilla under forcing culture in Gumsan-gun and Milyang-si. Experimental design was the randomized complete block design for five N fertilization levels and conventional fertilization. Dry weight, nitrogen uptake, and the node number of leaf perilla were measured and soil nitrate contents were analyzed monthly. The amount of nitrogen uptake for growth of a node with two leaves was $2.2kg\;10a^{-1}$ for Gumsan site and $3.5kg\;10a^{-1}$ for Milyang site. Lower level of soil nitrate N concentration for standard N fertilization was determined as $10mg\;kg^{-1}$ for both sites. Soil depth, bulk density, utilization rate of soil nitrate N, and the amount of N uptake for growth of a node with two leaves were considered for calculation of upper level of soil nitrate N concentration. The upper levels of soil nitrate N concentration for no N fertilization were determined as $30mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Gumsan site and as $40mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Milyang site. Consequently the recommendation equations for the N top dressing were Y=-0.157X+4.71 for Gumsan site and Y=-0.1667X+6.6667 for Milyang site.

Effect of Nitrogen Content of Irrigation Water and Soil EC on Lettuce Growth (토양 EC 및 관개수중 질소함량이 상추 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Gyeong-Ja;Kang, Bo-Goo;Kim, Hyun-Ju;Park, Seong-Gyu
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.83-90
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    • 2004
  • A pot experiment was conducted to find out the effects of nitrogen content of irrigation water and soil EC on lettuce growth under plastic film house conditions. The square-pots with 42 x 54.5 x 22 cm in length, width and height, were filled with two different soils of different EC. Lettuce was grown with different nitrogen fertilizer application levels including non fertilization (Non-F), decrement of 50% of nitrogen fertilizer recommended by soil testing (DNFRST-50) and fertilization recommended by soil testing (FRST). Two kinds of irrigation water of different nitrogen contents, $6.6mg\;L^{-1}$ and $21.0mg\;L^{-1}$, were used for the experiment. In the low EC soil irrigated with low nitrogen water, fresh weights of lettuce were 6,733, 11,933 and $12,733kg\;ha^{-1}$ for the treatments of Non-F, DNFRST-50 and FRST, respectively. While with high nitrogen water, the yields were 9,733, 13,400 and $12,800kg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. In the high EC soil irrigated with low nitrogen water, lettuce yields of the Non-F, DNFRST-50 and FRST treatments were 12,400, 12,867 and $10,400kg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, and with high nitrogen irrigated water lettuce yields of the Non-F, DNFRST-50 and FRST treatments were 13,600, 14,067 and $10,733kg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. Nitrogen uptake of lettuce from ferilizer in DNFRST-50 was higher than of FRST. Nitrogen uptake of lettuce from irrgation water was found in soils of low EC, but it was not found in soils of high EC. These results suggest that both soil EC and nitrogen content of irrigation water should be considered when we recommend the level of fertilizer application for lettuce.

Gas Exchange Ratio (R) Nomogram (가스 교환비(R)를 구하는 노모그람)

  • Whang, Ki-Jun
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.73-76
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    • 1967
  • A nomogram of gas exchange ratio (R) in air breathing subjects ,was porposed which enables a simple and rapid determination of R value using the fractional concentrations of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the expired or alveolar gas. The readable limit of R value seems less than 1/100 of R unit and the average difference between the values from the nomogram and the actually calculated values is less than 0.005 of R unit. The usefulness of this nomogram for rapid and frequent determinations of the oxygen uptake is also suggested.

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