• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.101-109
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• 1999

In order to investigate the possibility of treating the different mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge by vermicomposting was performed and the stability of worm casts, and availability of worm casts as plant growth media was evaluated by the analysis of chemical composition. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. The value of cast production at 100% apple pomace treatment was higher than those of other mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge. 2. The highest values of increasing rate and reproductive efficiency were obtained at mixture ratios of 60% apple pomace with 40% nightsoil sludge. 3. The value of increasing rate at 100% nightsoil sludge treatment was lower that those of other mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge. 4. Organic matter, available inorganic nutrients and stability of worm casts showed high values in all treatments. It means that worm casts are an excellent plant growth media source with a high chemical composition and their stability.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.867-873
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• 1998

Laboratory study was conducted to provide basic data for operating anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(ASBR) process for treatment of nightsoil. The experiments were concerned with digestion characteristics, settleabiltity and dewaterability of digested sludge in ASBR system. Completely-mixed dally-fed control reactor without solid-liquid separation step was also operated to evaluate the baseline performance since the nature of nightsoil was changed with time. In all case, gas production from the ASBR shows 1.3 to 1.44 times higher than that from control, in spite of almost similar trend in organics removal. During thickening period, remarkable decrease in surface settling velocity was observed at the ASBRs compared with the control. In case of the ASBR run, flotation of mixed digested sludge was not occurred. Also, ultimate thickened volume of ASBRs increased 1.2~1.5 times compared with control. Dewaterability of digested sludge without conditioning decreased when the completely-mixed daily-fed reactor for ASBR run was converted to the ASBR. However, improvement of dewaterability of digested sludge from the ASBRs was observed as a result of addition of FeCl$_3$ to digested sludge for conditioning.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1999

높은 유기성분을 가지고 있으나 주로 매립에 의존하고 있는 맥주폐수 슬러지와 분뇨처리슬러지의 재자원화를 위한 이들 혼합물의 퇴비화에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 분뇨슬러지와 맥주폐수 슬러지의 적정 혼합비는 1:1로 나타났으며 초기 시료의 pH는 퇴비내 미생물의 활동을 위한 온도상승에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한 혼합비가 1:1인 시료의 퇴비화시 C/N 비는 10-15를 유지하여 약간 낮게 나타났으나 pH의 상승없이 퇴비화가 잘 이루어짐을 알 수 있었고 주 1회 뒤집기를 수행하는 것이 가장 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 1982

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 분뇨처리(糞尿處理)의 효율화( 效率化) 방안(方案)으로 정화조(淨化槽)슬러지와 생분뇨(生糞尿)를 현존(現存) 소화식(消化式) 분뇨처리장(糞尿處理場)에서 혼합처리(混合處理)할 수 있는 방안(方案)을 검토(檢討)할 목적(目的)으로 분뇨(糞尿) : 정화조(淨化槽)슬러지의 혼합비율(混合比率)을 9 : 1(#1), 7 : 3(#2)으로 하여 처리도(處理度) 실험(實驗)을 수행(遂行)하였다. 실험결과(實驗結果) 유기물(有機物)의 제법효율(除法效率)은 9 : 1(#1)의 비율(比率)에서 BOD 80%, COD 80%, TS 63%, VS 76%이었으며 7 : 3(#2)의 비율(比率)에서는 BOD 87%, COD 82%, TS 66%, VS 78%로 정화조슬러지를 분뇨처리장에서 혼합처리(混合處理)할 수 있는 충분(充分)한 가능성(可能性)을 보여주었다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제3권
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• pp.75-85
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• 1983

This study is conducted to provide useful fertilizer or soil conditioner of sludge from nightsoil treatment plant. Several possibilities present themselves. The major sink for disposal of waste sludge is the land, and in this case values will be measured primarily in terms of agricultural benefits. According to the result of sludge drying experiment, the drying rate with mixing once a day was more increased by three times than the state without mixing. And in sludge, N was 7-9%, P was 0.85-4.14%, and coliform groups in dried sludge were 75 MPN/gr.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2001

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of application levels of nightsoil sludge compost(NSC) in 3 and 4 cuttings per annum on the dry matter yields and nutritive value of orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.). Annual nightsoil sludge compost(NSC) were applied at levels of 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 ton $㏊^{respectively}$ . Relative yields of each cut to annual dry matter yield were 29.9%, 46.% and 23.2% for 1st cut, 2nd cut and 3rd cut in 3 cutting system, 23.7%, 29.3%, 34.0% and 13.0% for 1st cut, 2nd cut, 3rd cut and 4th cut in 4 cutting system, respectively. Significantly higher dry matter yield of orchardgrass obtained were 8.11 ton $㏊^{-1}$ at level of 40 ton ㏊$^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ in 3 cutting systems, ranges of 7.50~10.71 ton $㏊^{-1}$ at level of 10~80 ton ㏊$^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ in 4 cutting systems than those of non application level of NSC, respectively(p〈0.05). The mean efficiency of dry matter production to application of NSC(kg DM/ton NSC) were 46 and 102 kg in 3 and 4 cutting systems, respectively. Although th contents of crude protein(CP, %) of orchardgrass were significantly higher at the application levels of 10~80 ton $㏊^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ -1/ by NSC than those of the application levels at the 0 ton $㏊^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$ in 3 and 4 cutting systems(p〈0.05), the contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF, %) and acid detergent fiber(ADF, %) were lower in NSC plots than those at the non-application plots of NSC. The contents of total digestible nutrient(TDN, %) and relative feed value(RFV) of orchardgrass were significantly increased with increase the applicaton levels of NSC(p〈0.05).

• 유기물자원화
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1996

분뇨슬러지에서의 지렁이의 생육과정을 추적하고, 분립의 안전성을 평가하여 Vermicomposting에 의한 효율적인 분뇨슬러지의 처리가능성을 검토하였다. 지렁이의 생존율은 사육기간이 길어짐에 따라서 저하하였는데, 1주에서 99.3%가 7주에서는 52.0%로 감소하였다. 지렁이의 사육기간을 분뇨슬러지 섭취량에 대한 분립생산량의 비율로서 2단계로 구분할 수 있다. 즉, 3주까지는 먹이섭취량이 지렁이의 증체에 이용되었으나, 그 이후의 사육기간에서는 먹이섭취량이 분립생산에 이용되었다. 지렁이의 증체속도와 현존량은 3주에서 각각 10.59mg/day과 14.48g으로, 다른 사육기간보다 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또한 증체속도와 현존량과의 관계는 0.1% 수준의 유의한 정상관이 인정되었다. 지렁이의 현존량은 3주에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으나, 분립생산량은 3주 이후 7주까지 점차적으로 증가하여 7주에서 최고 값을 나타내었다. 분립의 무기물 함량은 분뇨슬러지보다 낮은 값을 나타내었는데, 분립의 무기물 함량이 낮았던 원인은 지렁이의 사육과정중에서 무기물의 체내축적이 많았기 때문이라고 생각된다. 또한 분립의 무기물 함량(중금속)은 유기질 비료의 허용규제치 이하의 값을 나타내어 안전성이 높았다고 생각된다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1995

본 연구의 목적은 유기성폐기물 퇴비화시 교반강도가 퇴비화공정에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 주된 연구지표는 교반강도와 초기수분함량이었다. 본 연구를 위하여 기계식 교반장치를 갖춘 실험실규모의 퇴비화반응조가 이용되었다. 실험대상폐기물은 생분뇨슬러지와 감압증발처리공정을 거친 분뇨슬러지, 그리고 돈분을 이용하였다. 초기수분함량이 60%와 63% 인 경우 연속교반시 간헐교반보다 유기물분해율이 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 시료의 물리적 성상도 연속교반이 간헐교반보다 더 균등질의 양호한 상태를 나타내었다. 한편 초기 수분함량 68%인 경우는 혼합되기 보다는 시료 일부가 반죽상태를 형성하는 문제가 발생하였으며 유기물분해율도 연속교반의 경우가 간헐교반보다 더 낮게 나타났다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제6권3_4호
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• pp.133-141
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• 1991

Vermistabilization is the stabilization of organic wastes using earthworms. The worms maintain aerobic conditions in the waste, accelerating and enhancing the biological decomposition of the waste. This study was carried out to find out fundamental factors affecting the performance of the process such as temperature, moisture content and pH condition of nightsoil sludge, and to evaluate the worms excreta (casting) as fertilizer. The results could be summarized as follows; the optimum range of temperature was observed 10~3$0^{\circ}C$ while survival rate of eathworm decreased rapidly at 35$^{\circ}C$ within 6 days and death occurred at 5$^{\circ}C$. Those of moisture content and pH condition were 50~70% and 5~8, respectively. Earthworms were revealed to change the composition of N in nightsoil sludge consisting of$NH_3$-N (71%), $NO_2$-N (2%) and $NO_3$-N (27%) into that $NH_3$-N (24%), $NO_2$-N (1%), $NO_3$-N (75%) in earthworm excreta, respectively The concentrations of NH$_3$and H$_2$S gas in pig manure were reduced by 59.2% and 45.2% in case of mixing pig manure with casting.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2012

This study was performed to assess the possibility of application of sewage sludge which is the side-product from domestic sewage treatment plant to the materials for biodiesels by investigating the yields and composition of the lipids and fatty acid methyl esters(FAMEs) from soxhlet extraction and in-situ transesterification. As the results, yields of in-situ transesterification were higher than soxhlet extraction. In comparison by sewage sludge type, yields of sewage sludge mixed nightsoil or livestock were higher than a single sewage sludge. And maximum yield showed up to 14 wt%. Fatty acid composition of extracted lipids and synthesized FAMEs consists of palmitic acid(C16:0), palmitoleic acid(C16:1), stearic acid(C18:0), oleic acid(C18:1), and linoleic acid(C18:2).