• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2016

Alkali metal fluoride sources (MFs) such as potassium fluoride (KF) have been widely used as a fluoride source in the nucleophilic displacement reaction. However, they have low solubility and nucleophilicity in most of the organic solvents. Bulky fluoride sources such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) were substituted for MFs to improve these properties. However, hygroscopic property of TBAF makes it less convenient for handling as well as its strong basic property can make the side-reaction occur. Recently, novel fluoride sources have been developed to solve these problems. In this paper, we would like to introduce coordinated fluoride sources as a new fluoride sources such as tetrabutylammonium tetra(t-butyl alcohol)-coordinated fluoride, crown ether metal complex fluoride, and various bulky alcohols coordinated fluoride complexes. In particular, bulky alcohol coordinated fluoride source could generated by the controlled hydrogen-bonded of fluoride with alcohols and these fluoride sources have better stability and reactivity with showing low hygroscopic property. The study of these fluoride sources will help to understand the characteristic of [$^{18}F$]fluoride for increasing the radiochemical yield in the [$^{18}F$]radiofluorination.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.540-551
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• 2019

This study analyzes a new fashion phenomenon for critical fashion. Critical fashion is a message-centered fashion that delivers consciousness and sociocultural issues for contemporary society. The research method for this study combined literature reviews and case studies along with a research scope, that reviewed aspects of critical fashion through works, presentations, and images of collections, various media, and joint projects from the 2000s to the present day. This study indicates that critical fashion exhibits a conceptual pattern that metaphorically expresses the message of designers' perspectives on society and the fashion system. Critical fashion designers' socially critical messages began to emerge in avant-garde fashion influenced by avant-garde art movement that then developed into a conceptual fashion heavily influenced by conceptual art movement before it evolves into concepts of critical fashion. Critical fashion has been influenced by community-oriented critical art, which signifies that the characteristic of criticism of an art system is expressed through the language of fashion. In conclusion, critical fashion resists the idea of the integration of a cultural industry whose homogeneity is continuously collapsing the differences for the purpose of consumption and challenges to the established fashion system.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.215-224
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• 2020

The vinegar can be used not only as functional foods but as the new high-quality materials. Lifestyles have changed a lot because of single-person households, women's economic activities, the aging society, the diversification of mass media, and the traveling abroad. Lifestyle diseases have increased with the life extension. The preference for the fermented vinegar, which is safer and healthier than the synthetic vinegar, has increased since the 1990s. The market of the functional fermented vinegars rapidly grew as researches and product developments on biological activities. In particular, the fermented vinegar, which can be enhanced in functionality depending on the characteristic of materials, is useful not only in the food industry but in various industries such as medical, defense, and construction. For the steady growth of the vinegar industry in the future, it is necessary to research and develop the function of the vinegar that can be utilized in various industries.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1596-1601
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• 2019

A smart robot game, which is one of the new type expanding the market through coding education classes recently, has a characteristic to manipulate digital games with a smart-phone while using a robot instead of existing games. Under the same rules, the virtual world's game is connected to real world's robot through a smart-phone, and the game is played while exchanging data. This study analyzes smart robot game by dividing them into media features, digital game features, and playful features. In addition, we developed the game based on the board game genre that has the general rules while using the derived development features. As a result, by presenting the case of development of smart robot board game, we would like to propose the points to be considered in the development of smart robot game.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.25-30
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• 2022

This study is a study on the filter bubble reinforcement phenomenon of SNS recommendation algorithm such as YouTube, which is a characteristic of the Russian-Ukraine war (2022), and the victory or defeat factors of the hybrid war. This war is identified as a hybrid war, and the use of New Media based on the SNS recommendation algorithm is emerging as a factor that determines the outcome of the war beyond political leverage. For this reason, the filter bubble phenomenon goes beyond the dictionary meaning of confirmation bias that limits information exposed to viewers. A YouTube video of Ukrainian President Zelensky encouraging protests in Kyiv garnered 7.02 million views, but Putin's speech only 800,000, which is a evidence that his speech was not exposed to the recommendation algorithm. The war of these SNS recommendation algorithms tends to develop into an algorithm war between the US (YouTube, Twitter, Facebook) and China (TikTok) big tech companies. Influenced by US companies, Ukraine is now able to receive international support, and in Russia, under the influence of Chinese companies, Putin's approval rating is over 80%, resulting in conflicting results. Since this algorithmic empowerment is based on the confirmation bias of public opinion by 'filter bubble', the justification that a new guideline setting for this distortion phenomenon should be presented shortly is drawing attention through this Russia-Ukraine war.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.575-581
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• 2010

With widespread use of the Internet and improvements in streaming media and compression technology, digital music, video, and image can be distributed instantaneously across the Internet to end-users. However, most conventional Digital Right Management are often not secure and not fast enough to process the vast amount of data generated by the multimedia applications to meet the real-time constraints. The SVC offers temporal, spatial, and SNR scalability to varying network bandwidth and different application needs. Meanwhile, for many multimedia services, security is an important component to restrict unauthorized content access and distribution. This suggests the need for new cryptography system implementations that can operate at SVC. In this paper, we propose a new scrambling encryption for reserving the characteristic of scalability in MPEG4-SVC. In the base layer, the proposed algorithm is applied and performed the selective scambling. And it encrypts various MVS and intra-mode scrambling in the enhancement layer. In the decryption, it decrypts each encrypted layers by using another encrypted keys. Throughout the experimental results, the proposed algorithms have low complexity in encryption and the robustness of communication errors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.61-73
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• 2017

A huge rent rise has forced the number of merchants out of their workplace. it has required to review the duration of business, considering recognition about social, economic, cultural characteristic of merchant. this research has indicated influence factors about the duration of business, divided into less than 5 years and more than 5 years on the basis of operation period focused on historical and cultural street of Jongno-gu. The research results, new merchants(less than 5 years) has emerged in order of important factors : monthly sales, monthly rent, franchise, store premium, media public relations. Existing merchants(more than 5 years) has emerged in order of important factors : monthly rent, monthly sales, merchant community, store premium, floating population. Therefore, this research proposes the following implications. Firstly, new measures must be needed to protect merchants and legal regulations about sharp monthly rent. Secondly, when entering the franchises, local government must review business standards with reference to the type and scale.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to examine the rise of hip-hop culture and its characteristics which have been established as a part of popular culture amid other subcultures and to examine the overall concept of hip-hop fashion which has been developing since its rise in the 1970s and particularly to examine the hip-hop after the turn of the new century when it has gone through several iterations and changes while simultaneously accommodating different trends and reflecting a highly diverse larger culture. The research methodology is a literature-based research that uses classification and analysis based on the preceding research including related books and dissertations and, considering that this research focuses on the characteristics of hip-hop from the 2000s to the present, mainstream news media such as newspapers and magazines around New York images of famous hip-hop culture & stores websites were used in this research. The most characteristic hip-hop fashions since the 2000s examined by this research comprise prep-hop, slim formal suits, skurban, hip-hop Goth, and hip-hop Tatto. First, prep-hop is a mixed match of a preppy look with latest hip-hop sentiments and hip-hop styles. Second, there are slim formal suits that reflect a change of trends that strongly show changes of hip-hop fashion consumers who have been following sports stars' fashions. Third, skurban is a hip-hop fashion combined with the look of skaters. Fourth, hip-hop Goth is what emphasizes strong Goth images such as grunge, skull, and devil in hip-hop fashions based on vintage fashion. Fifth, hip-hop Tatto style designs have appeared in diverse items such as trendy clothes and accessories that were most popular since the 2000s. Hip-hop fashion since the 2000s up to the present is beginning to be integrated with diverse other cultures and its most prominent characteristics is a change into slimmer silhouette.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.10-17
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• 2015

Transparent LED display is providing city residents with different attractions via information services and landscape and increasing demand is detected in various areas. It is true that majority of the current demand in transparent electrode material was found and used in ITO but limitations in capacity and economic efficiency led to the need for continuous research and technology development via new materials. As a new material, metal mesh has 85% of the materials to substitute ITO and is widely used due to low-cost and high-conductive rate. Maintenance of transparent LED display utilizing metal mesh compared to existing ITO transparent display is much easier as it not only saves resources but is also economical. Thus the objective of this paper lies in proposing the utilization of metal mesh in transparent LED display prototype to enable economical use of transparent LED display technology and to expand the market and to also propose transparent LED display development method via metal mesh and manufacture a prototype based on the method. And a characteristic comparison test between ITO and metal mesh provides the possibility of using metal mesh as a transparent electrode material in transparent LED display development.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.599-606
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• 2017

'Video Commerce' has grown significantly, and is in the era of so-called V-commerce 2.0. Based on this background, this study focused on the link and the possibility of creating synergy between V-commerce 2.0 content and MCN, and examined the linkage strategy considering its characteristics. In conclusion, first, V-Commerce has evolved into the age of 2.0, centered on the characteristics of content that are oriented towards fun and sympathy, beyond the 1.0 era. Second, V-commerce 2.0 content has the characteristic of replacing the sharing and recommendation based on the nature of SNS networks as promotion and purchase enhancement. Therefore, competitiveness as 'content' is relatively important before 'commerce'. Third, V-commerce 2.0 and MCN industry have a strong connection with each other in terms of securing core competitiveness and creating a new profit model. In order to create the synergy between V-Commerce 2.0 and MCN, we proposed the use of big data to reinforce V-Commerce 2.0 customized content competitiveness, building of storytelling marketing and branding, and enhancement of live performance and interactive communication.