• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.124-129
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• 2009

Antioxidant activities of the extract of red seaweed, Polysiphonia morrowii, were evaluated using several in vitro assay systems. Activity-guided fractionation revealed that the 90% MeOH fraction of the P. morrowii extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, and that this fraction had a high total phenolic content ($135.7{\pm}5.0\;mg$ gallic acid/g extract). Therefore, the antioxidant activities of the 90% MeOH fraction against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, reducing power, ferrous chelating, and hydrogen peroxide were investigated. The results revealed that the antioxidant activities of the 90% MeOH fraction were similar and/or superior to that of commercial antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). In addition, the ability of the 90% MeOH fraction to inhibit oxidative damage to DNA was assessed by measuring the conversion of the supercoiled pBR322 plasmid DNA to the open circular form. The 90% MeOH fraction was found to significantly protect this hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings suggest that the 90% MeOH fraction of P. morrowii extract and/or its constituents has the potential for use as a new bioresource of antioxidants.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.339-346
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• 2001

A new oxygenated monoterpene (4) was isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial part of Erechtites hieracifolia together with six known components, a dimethylheptane (1), three ionone derivatives (2, 3 and 7) and two phenylpropanoids (5 and 6). Their structures were identified by means of physico-chemical and spectral data to be (2E, 5E)-6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylhepta-2,4-dienal (1), 3(R)-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-$\beta$-ionone (2), 3(R)-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-7-ionol (3), (3E, 6E)-3,7-dimethylocta-3,5-dien-1,2,7-triol(4), 2-hydroxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenyl-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (5), 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenyl -$\beta$-D-glucopyra-noside (6) and (6R, 9R)-3-oxo-$\beta$-ionol-$\alpha$-D -glucopyranoside (7).

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1147-1151
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• 2005

A new naturally occurring sterol, compound 5, and six known stigmasterols were isolated from fruits of Ailanthus altissima Swingle by repeated column chromatography and RP-HPLC. Their structures were identified as, 5${\alpha}$-stigmastane-3,6-dione (1), 3${\beta}$-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (2), stigmast-5-ene-3${\beta}$, 7${\alpha}$-diol (3), 6${\alpha}$-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (4), 5${\alpha}$-stigmastane-3${\beta}$, 6${\beta}$-diol (5), stigmast-4-ene-3${\beta}$, 6${\alpha}$-diol (6), stigmast-5-ene-3${\beta}$, 7${\alpha}$, 20$\xi$-triol (7) by spectral analysis and comparison with the published data. These compounds have not been reported from genus Ailanthus, whereas compound 7 was identified by NMR for the first time. In addition, the $95\%$ ethanol extract and compounds from the fruits of Ailanthus altissima SWINGLE were assayed for in vitro antimicrobial activity. The extract was potent active against the assayed bacteria while compounds 3 and 7 exhibited moderate activity.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.359-360
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• 2006

Functional photoacoustic tomography is a new non-invasive imaging modality, and it is emerging as a very practical method for imaging biological tissue structures by means of laser-induced ultrasound. Structures with high optical absorption, such as blood vessels, can be imaged with the spatial resolution of ultrasound, which is not limited by the strong light scattering in biological tissues. By varying wavelengths of the laser light and acquiring photoacoustic images, optical absorption spectrum of each image pixel is found. Since the biochemical constituents of tissues determine the spectrum, useful functional information like oxygen saturation ($SO_2$) and total haemoglobin concentration (HbT) can be extracted. In this study, as a proof-of-principle experiment, hypoxic brain tumor vasculature and traumatic brain injury (TBI) of small animal brain are imaged with functional photoacoustic tomography. High resolution brain vasculature images of oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin concentration are provided to visualize hypoxic tumor vasculature, and hemorrhage on the cortex surface by the TBI.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.309-312
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• 2008

Two different anode composite materials comprising of Fe, Cu and Si prepared using high energy ball milling (HEBM) were explored for their capacity and cycling behaviors. Prepared powder composites in the ratio Cu:Fe:Si = 1:1:2.5 and 1:1:3.5 were characterized through X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nevertheless, the XRD shows absence of any new alloy/compound formation upon ball milling, the elements present in Cu(1)Fe(1)Si(2.5)/Graphite composite along with insito generated Li2O demonstrate a superior anodic behavior and delivers a reversible capacity of 340 mAh/g with a high coulombic efficiency (98%). The higher silicon content Cu(1)Fe(1)Si(3.5) along with graphite could not sustain capacity with cycling possibly due to ineffective buffer action of the anode constituents.

• Mycobiology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.171-176
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• 2013

Mushrooms are ubiquitous in nature and have high nutritional attributes. They have demonstrated diverse biological effects and therefore have been used in treatments of various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, bacterial and viral infections, and ulcer. In particular, polysaccharides, including ${\beta}$-glucan, are considered as the major constituents responsible for the biological activity of mushrooms. Although an overwhelming number of reports have been published on the importance of polysaccharides as immunomodulating agents, not all of the healing properties found in these mushrooms could be fully accounted for. Recently, many research groups have begun investigations on biologically active small-molecular weight compounds in wild mushrooms. In this mini-review, both structural diversity and biological activities of novel bioactive substances from Korean native mushrooms are described.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 2006

Activity-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of the whole plant from Solanum lyratum resulted in the isolation of a new pregnane derivative glycoside, 16-dehydropregnenolone 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-($1{\to}2$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosid uronic acid (2), as well as other six known compounds: 16-dehydropregnenolone (1), allopregenolone (3), protocatechuic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), and scopoletin (7). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data and chemical evidences. Compounds 1, 3, 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compound 1 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against A375-S2, HeLa, SGC-7901, and Bel-7402 with $IC_{50}$ values of $13.1{\pm}0.9,\;21.5{\pm}1.0,\;40.2{\pm}0.7$, and $49.8{\pm}1.2\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.600-603
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• 2004

(＋）-Dehydrovomifoliol (1）. 3-hydroxy-5$\alpha$,6$\alpha$-epoxy-$\beta$-ionone (2）, vitexin 7 -O-$\beta$-D-glucopyrano-side (3）, and vitexin 2'-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (4） were isolated as new constituents from the aerial parts of Beta vulgaris var. cicla. Compounds 3 and 4 demonstrated hepatoprotective activity with values of 65.8 and 56.1％, respectively, in primary cultured rat hepatocytes with $CCl_4$-induced cell toxicity, compared to controls. This was comparable to that of silibinin (69.8％） which was used as a positive control.trol.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2003

Two quinazolone alkaloids, (+)-febrifugine (1) and isofebrifugine (2), along with three coumarin derivatives, 6-hydroxy coumarin (3), skimmin (5), and $umbelliferone-7-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}4)-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (6), were isolated from the roots of Hydrangea chinensis. Compound 6 is a new compound. In addition, umbelliferone (4), linoleic acid (7), two steroidal glycosides (8, 9), three furfural derivatives (10-12), and butyl-$\beta$-D-fructofuranoside (13) were isolated from the leaves of the same plant. The structures of all isolates were elucidated by spectral methods.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.929-933
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• 2010

A new compound, 4-methoxyl 5-hydroxymethyl benzoic 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (1), has been isolated from the leaves and stems of Acer mandshuricum, along with nine known compounds (2-10). Their structures were determined by a variety of spectroscopic analyses. The effect of compounds 1-10 on the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was examined by determining alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization. Compound 1 significantly increased the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells; $5.0\;{\mu}M$ of 1 increased ALP activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells to 114.7, 119.5, and 108.2% (P < 0.05) of the basal value, respectively. In addition, compounds 2-10 also potently increased the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.