• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.253-256
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• 2005

An investigation of the MeOH soluble fractions of marine sponge Psammocinia sp. (Order: Dictyoceratida) led to the isolation of a new epidioxy sterol (1) and four known sterols (2-5). Their planar structures were defined by analyses of the spectroscopic data. The 27-nor-24-methylcholestan type side chain with an epidioxy nucleus (1) was unprecedented. Compounds 1-5 were isolated from a sponge Psammocinia sp. for the first time.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.151-158
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• 1999

Biogenic source emissions refer to naturally occuring emissions from vegetation, microbial activities in soil, lightening, and so on. Vegetation is especially known to emit a considerable amout of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere. Therefore, biogenic source emissions are an important input to photochemical air quality models. since most biogenic source emissions are calculated at the county-level, they should be geographically allocated to the computational grid cells of a photochemical air quality model prior to running the model. The traditional method for the spatial allocation for biogenic source emissions has been to use a "spatial surrogate indicator" such as a county area. In order to examine the applicability of such approximations, this study developed more detailed surrogate indicators to improve the spatial allocation method for biogenic source emissions. Due to the spatially variable nature of biogenic source emissions, Geographic Information Systems(GIS) were introduced as new tools to develop more detailed spatial surrogate indicators. Use of these newly developed spatial surrogate indicators for biogenic source emission allocation provides a better resolution than the standard spatial surrogate indicator.indicator.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 1986

To explore the biological activities of Thalictrum alkaloids, a study was initiated to investigate the alkaloidal constituents from T. fauriei, a species indigenous to Taiwan. Extensive fractionation of the ethanolic extract provided three known aporphines, (+)-oconovine (Ia), (+)-isocorydine (Ib), and (+)-corydine (Ic) from nonphenolic tertiary base fraction. From quaternary base fraction two new protoberberinium salts, thalifaurine (IIa), dehydrodiscretine (IIb), in addition to magnoflorine (III), were isolated. The structure of both new compounds were confirmed by total syntheses. Fractionation of phenolic bases yielded a dihydromorphinandienone, (-)-ocobotrine (IV), as well as a novel aporphine-pavine dimer, tentatively named EP-10. The structure of EP-10 was established by means of 2D NMR studies. Preliminary study indicated a weak activity of lyzing Hela cells, in vitro, for EP-10.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.275-278
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• 2003

A new acylglycosyl Sterol (4) was isolated from the MeOH extract of Quisqualis Fructus together with four known compounds. On the basis of spectroscopic data, their structures were elucidated as clerosterol (1), betulinic acid (2), methylursolate (3), 3-Ο-[6 -Ο-(8Z-octadecenoyl)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranosyl]-clerosterol (4) and $\alpha$-xylofuranosyluracil (5).

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.105-108
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• 2001

$\alpha$-Benzoyloxypaeoniflorin (1), a new antioxidant monoterpene $\alpha$-glycoside anomer was isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa along with known compounds, $\beta$-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin (2), paeonolide, paeoniflorin and mudanpioside H. The structure of 1 has been determined by comparing spectral data with those of $\beta$-Benzoyloxypaeoniflorin(2). Compound 1 exhibited moderately potent radical scavenging activity on DPPH radical.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.433-437
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• 2002

A new phenolic amide, dihydro-N-caffeoyltyramine (1) was isolated from the root bark of Lycium chinense Miller, along with known compounds, trans-N-caffeoyltyramine (2), cis-N-caffeoyltyramine (3), and lyoniresinol $3{\alpha}-Ο-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (4). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. A NBT superoxide scavenging assay revealed that three phenolic amides showed potent antioxidative activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.159-160
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• 1998

Results of chemistry and biological activity of many years indicate that plants belonging to the Isodon genus are rich in ent-kaurane diterpenoids, which have been revealed to possess biological activities such as antitumor, antibacterial and antiinflammatory effects. In continuation of our research on diterpenoids in medicinal plants of this genus, the acetone extract from the leaves of I. xerophilus, which is a plant native to Yunnan province of China, showed potent antitumor activity against K562. After partition, the most active EtOAc part was studied. Four new diterpenoids named xerophilusin A(l), B(2), C(3), D(4), and eight known compounds including macrocalin B(5) and rabdorosthomin A(6) were isolated, whose structures were elucidated through a series of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques(DEPT, COSY, HMQC, HMBC and ROESY experiments). Among them, compound 1, 2 and 5 had two unique epoxy units formed by two ether bridges from C-20 to C-7, C-14. Up to now, there are four compounds having such an peculiar structure besides these three compounds. Compound 3 and 4 were two of the few examples possessing $1{\beta}$ substitutes. All the diterpenoid compounds were subjected to the antitumor screening. It is interesting that only xerophilusin A(l), B(2) and macrocalin(5) exhibited significant antitumor activity against K562 by the method of MTT($IC_{50}$ were listed in Table 1.). The results inspired us to infer that the unique ether bridges from C-20 to C-7, C-14 possibly played an important role in the antitumor activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.159-163
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• 2018

Two new polyketides, chinoketides A and B (1 - 2) with a known compound xylarphthalide A (3), were isolated from the solid medium of the endophytes from the leaves of the relic plant Distylium chinense with the "black-box" co-culture method, and the structures of two new compounds were elucidated by NMR, MS and CD spectra. And the absolute configurations of chinoketides A (1) and B (2) were determined as 2R,3R,8S and 5R,6S by calculating their ECD spectra to compare with the experimental CD spectra. Finally, the antimicrobial activities were evaluated to Erwinia carotovora sub sp. Carotovora (Jones) Bersey et al, and the results showed that compounds 1 - 3 displayed the antimicrobial activities with MIC value at 20.5, 30.4 and $10.2{\mu}g/mL$.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.181-190
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• 2017

Functional foods are of great significance since our society is accelerating into aging. An aging society has many physiological metabolic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, dementia and geriatric diseases. Fundamental treatments for the elderly are almost impossible and the social burden is heavy. If these diseases can be prevented or alleviated by improving dietary habits using functional foods, the significance would be very large. Pomegranate has been found to have 124 different kinds of phytochemicals. Polyphenols have a wide range of protective effects including various physiological metabolic diseases and cancers. It is necessary to develop functional foods such as preservatives and food extenders which can contribute to food safety, required in the food industry, by using such bioactive substances. Pomegranates have been reported to decrease the impact of many serious illnesses. There is a considerable amount of bioactive substances in the peel of a pomegranate, which has potent anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-apoptotic properties. Unfortunately, the peel is typically discarded after processing. Despite knowledge regarding the bioactive substances in the pomegranate peel and peel extracts, including their functionality and diversity, the knowledge is not well known by consumers in general. The aim of this study was to review up to date research trends for processing and developing new functional foods by utilizing nutritional functional substances, favourite food materials, and materials for processing food contained in pomegranate peels and pomegranate peel extracts. This study will summarize the data found in pomegranate peel and pomegranate peel extract literature mainly recently published in Science Direct. There are polyphenolic compounds (ellagitannins, punicalagin, proanthocyanidin, flavonoids, polysaccharides, etc.) in the fruit peel, making up about 50% of the pomegranate's weight. The polyphenol content of a pomegranate fruit peel is 149.91 mg/g, which is about 100 times higher than the juice. Paying attention to the fact that the ellagitannin content (14.22 mg/g) in the fruit peel is also twice as high as that of the fruit juice and seeds, that confirms the possibility of utilizing the peel as a food ingredient capable of developing new, functional bioactive foods.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.405-412
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• 2020

Background: Root rot is a serious destructive disease of Panax notoginseng, a famous cultivated araliaceous herb called Sanqi or Tianqi in Southwest China. Methods: The chemical substances of Sanqi rot roots were explored by chromatographic techniques. MS, 1D/2D-NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction were applied to determine the structures. Murine macrophage RAW264.7 and five human cancer cell lines were used separately for evaluating the antiinflammatory and cytotoxic activities. Results and Conclusion: Thirty dammarane-type triterpenes and saponins were isolated from the rot roots of P. notoginseng. Among them, seven triterpenes, namely, 20(S)-dammar-25-ene-24(S)-hydroperoxyl-3β,6α,12β,20-tetrol (1), 20(S)-dammar-3-oxo-23-ene-25-hydroperoxyl-6α,12β,20-triol (2), 20(S)-dammar-12-oxo-23-ene-25-hydroperoxyl-3β,6α,20-triol (3), 20(S)-dammar-3-oxo-23-ene-25-hydroperoxyl-12β,20-diol (4), 20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3,4-seco-dammar-25-hydroxy-12-one-3-oic acid (5), 20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3,4-seco-dammar-25-hydroxy-12-one-3-oic acid methyl ester (6), and 6α-hydroxy-22,23,24,25,26,27-hexanordammar-3,12,20-trione (7), are new compounds. In addition, 12 known ones (12-16 and 19-25) were reported in Sanqi for the first time. The new Compound 1 showed comparable antiinflammatory activity on inhibition of NO production to the positive control, whereas the known compounds 9, 12, 13, and 16 displayed moderate cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines. The results will provide scientific basis for understanding the chemical constituents of Sanqi rot roots and new candidates for searching antiinflammatory and antitumor agents.