• Title/Summary/Keyword: Neutral loss

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Comparative performance evaluation of 10kV IGCTs in 3L NPC and ANPC Converter in PMSG MV Wind Turbines (PMSG 풍력발전기용 3L NPC와 ANPC 컨버터에서의 10kV IGCT 성능 비교 평가)

  • Lyngdoh, Amreena Lama;Suh, Youngsug;Park, Byoung-Gun;Kim, Jiwon
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2018.11a
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    • pp.86-88
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    • 2018
  • The three level(3L) neutral point clamped (NPC) voltage source converter (VSC) topology is widely used for grid interface in high power wind energy due to its superior performance as compared to the two level(2L) VS. However, one of the major drawbacks of this topology is the unequal dispersion of loss and therefore the junction temperature among the power devices. The 3L ANPC topology derived from the NPC topology was proposed to resolve this drawback of unequal loss profile of 3L NPC. The 3L ANPC can work under various switching strategies. In this paper a comparative study of the various switching strategies of 3L ANPC using the recently developed 10kV IGCTs which has the capability to raise the current and voltage rating of the wind turbines is carried out. The comparison is performed using ABB make 10kV IGCT 5SHY17L9000 and PLECs simulations.

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Experimental Results of New Ion Source for Performance Test

  • Kim, Tae-Seong;Jeong, Seung-Ho;Jang, Du-Hui;Lee, Gwang-Won;In, Sang-Yeol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2012.08a
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    • pp.269-269
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    • 2012
  • A new ion source has been designed, fabricated, and installed at the NBTS (Neutral Beam Test Stand) at the KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) site. The goalis to provide a 100 keV, 2MW deuterium neutral beam injection as an auxiliary heating of KSTAR (Korea Super Tokamak Advanced Research). To cope with power demand, an ion current of 50 A is required considering the beam power loss and neutralization efficiency. The new ion source consists of a magnetic cusp bucket plasma generator and a set of tetrode accelerators with circular copper apertures. The plasma generator for the new ion source has the same design concept as the modified JAEA multi-cusp plasma generator for the KSTAR prototype ion source. The dimensions of the plasma generator are a cross section of $59{\times}25cm^2$ with a 32.5 cm depth. The anode has azimuthal arrays of Nd-Fe permanent magnets (3.4 kG at surface) in the bucket and an electron dump, which makes 9 cusp lines including the electron dump. The discharge properties were investigated preliminarily to enhance the efficiency of the beam extraction. The discharge of the new ion source was mainly controlled by a constant power mode of operation. The discharge of the plasma generator was initiated by the support of primary electrons emitted from the cathode, consisting of 12 tungsten filaments with a hair-pin type (diameter = 2.0 mm). The arc discharge of the new ion source was achieved easily up to an arc power of 80 kW (80 V/1000 A) with hydrogen gas. The 80 kW capacity seems sufficient for the arc power supply to attain the goal of arc efficiency (beam extracted current/discharge input power = 0.8 A/kW). The accelerator of the new ion source consists of four grids: plasma grid (G1), gradient grid (G2), suppressor grid (G3), and ground grid (G4). Each grid has 280 EA circular apertures. The performance tests of the new ion source accelerator were also finished including accelerator conditioning. A hydrogen ion beam was successfully extracted up to 100 keV /60 A. The optimum perveance is defined where the beam divergence is at a minimum was also investigated experimentally. The optimum hydrogen beam perveance is over $2.3{\mu}P$ at 60 keV, and the beam divergence angle is below $1.0^{\circ}$. Thus, the new ion source is expected to be capable of extracting more than a 5 MW deuterium ion beam power at 100 keV. This ion source can deliver ~2 MW of neutral beam power to KSTAR tokamak plasma for the 2012 campaign.

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Effect of Cutting Height on the Feed Value and Drying Rate of Rye (Secale cereale L.) Hay

  • Li, Yu Wei;Kim, Jong Geun
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.201-207
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    • 2017
  • Hay-making is one of the most common forage preservation practices in livestock operations. The objective of hay-making is to minimize nutrient loss by shortening field drying time. Measuring the impacts of cutting height of forage crop is necessary to optimize hay production balancing yield and quality, in order to obtain substantial biomass increase through harvest of regrowth. This experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of cutting height of rye (Secale cereale L.) on drying rate and hay quality. Heading stage rye was harvested at 8cm or 15cm stubble heights. Hay was daily tedded at 09:00 and sampled at 09:00, 13:00 and 17:00 to determine moisture content (MC). After two month of preservation, CP (crude protein), ADF (acid detergent fiber), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), IVDMD (in vitro dry matter disappearance), TDN (total digestible nutrient), RFV (relative feed value), DM (dry matter) loss, visual scores and total fungi count were determined for estimation of hay quality. Cutting height at 15cm could enhance the drying rate and CP content (p<0.05), but also increases DM loss (p<0.05) compared to cutting at 8cm. Cutting heights did not affect ADF, NDF, IVDMD, TDN and RFV value (p>0.05). Visual scores of rye hays cutting at 8cm and 15cm, ranged from 83 to 85. Cutting at 8cm tended to maintain higher core bale temperature and fungal count than cutting at 15cm during preservation, but there was no significant difference.

Effect of Tedding Time and Frequency on the Feed Value and Drying Rate of Rye(Secale cereale L.) Hay

  • Li, Yu Wei;Zhao, Guo Qiang;Liu, Chang;Wei, Sheng Nan;Kim, Hak Jin;Kim, Jong Geun
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.171-177
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    • 2019
  • Hay-making is one of the most common way for forage preservation in livestock industry. The quality and production of hay could be affected by various factors. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of tedding time and frequency on drying rate and feed value of forage rye (Secale cereale L.) hay. Rye was harvested on heading stage using mower conditioner. Hay was tedded at each set hour(09:00, 13:00 and 17:00) and sampled at each set hour to determine dry matter (DM) content. After two months' preservation, CP (crude protein), ADF (acid detergent fiber), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), IVDMD (in vitro dry matter digestibility), TDN (total digestible nutrient), RFV (relative feed value), DM loss, visual scores and total fungi count were determined for estimation of hay quality. Tedding was necessary for both speeding up drying rate and improving forage quality. Tedding at 17:00 showed lower NDF content (p<0.05), and also higher RFV value was found compared with tedding at 9:00 and 13:00 (p<0.05). On the other hand, it was observed that more DM losses would be found when tedding later (p<0.05). Tedding in 1~3 times per day were lower in ADF and NDF content (p<0.05), increased CP, TDN and RFV (p<0.05), got less DM loss (p<0.05), and contained less fungi during conservation compared with no tedding (p<0.05). On the other hand, tedding too frequent caused more DM loss (p<0.05). In conclusion, for shorter drying process and higher quality of forage rye hay, tedding at 13:00~17:00 for 1~2 times per day was recommended in this study.

Effect of harvest dates on β-carotene content and forage quality of rye (Secale cereale L.) silage and hay

  • Zhao, Guo Qiang;Wei, Sheng Nan;Liu, Chang;Kim, Hak Jin;Kim, Jong Geun
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.63 no.2
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    • pp.354-366
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    • 2021
  • Limited data about the effects of various factors on forage quality and β-carotene content of rye produced in Korea are available, so this study investigated the effects of two preservation methods. Samples were collected from rye harvested every 5 days between April 25 and May 31, and comparisons were done among rye silage wilted for different periods of time and hay of three growth stages of rye. For the silage, dry matter (DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents increased with advanced maturity of rye, whereas crude protein, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), total digestible nutrients (TDN), relative feed value (RFV), and DM loss decreased (p < 0.0001). Wilting increased the DM content and pH value significantly (p < 0.0001). Silage harvested at the heading stage had the lowest pH value (4.45), propionic acid (0.83 g/kg DM), butyric acid (0 g/kg DM), and fungi and yeast populations (3.70 Log CFU/g of fresh matter [FM]); conversely, it had the highest lactic acid (9.7 g/kg DM), lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (6.87 Log CFU/g of FM), total microorganisms (TM) (7.33 Log CFU/g of FM), and Flieg's score (70) (p < 0.0001). Wilting elevated LAB and TM populations, but it had no consistent effect on other fermentation products. Both delayed harvest and prolonged wilting decreased β-carotene content. Rye silage harvested around May 9 (heading stage) with 24 h of wilting was preferred for highland, Pyeongchang. For rye hay, advanced maturity decreased DM loss, IVDMD, TDN, and RFV, but it increased DM, ADF, and NDF significantly (p < 0.05). β-carotene was decreased by delay of hay-making. Consequently, to attain lower DM loss and higher hay quality, the harvest date of May 9 (heading stage) is recommended.

Single phase induction motor driving system using auxiliary resonant DC-DC converter (보조 공진 DC-DC컨버터를 이용한 단상 유도 전동기 구동 시스템)

  • Lee, S.H.;Mun, S.P.;Kwon, S.K.;Lee, H.W.;Suh, K.Y.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2002.07b
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    • pp.1190-1192
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    • 2002
  • These days, electromagnetic radiation noise and switching losses of static converter become harmful. Many resonant inverters with radiation techniques solve their such problems. Auxiliary Resonant Commutated Pole Inverter (ARCP) was proposed. but it has two demerits. In circuit configuration. It isn't constructed by 2 in 1 IGET modules. Besides, control is complicated because of neutral point voltage control and boost current control. This paper proposes a new auxiliary resonant inverter which solved two demerits. In addition, it deals efficiency which compared with hard switching inverter and result of separation of power loss

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Development of a Translator based on AP 209 for the Integrated Data transfer among Commercial Structural Analysis Programs (상용해석프로그램간 데이터 통합운용을 위한 AP 209기반의 변환기 개발)

  • Jeong Dong-Gyun;Jeong Yeon-Suk;Lee Sang-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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    • 2005.04a
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    • pp.712-718
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    • 2005
  • In this study, a translator for transferring structural analysis data among commercial structural analysis programs was developed. The translator adopted the neutral format type based on ISO standard STEP AP 209 not only for the international standardization and robustness but also for the efficient management of structural analysis data Additional load entity is developed and added to AP 209 for the prevention of loss of information in retrieving exact loading condition. A modulization which is needed for efficient management and extension of the translator was made for the encapsulation of file format of each commercial code. Pilot tests peformed with 3-D frame analysis data of Sung-su bridge show that the developed translator guarantees the integrated management of analysis information as well as the exact transferring and retrieving of analysis data and related information.

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A Novel Hybrid Five-Level Inverter for Medium-Voltage Applications (중전압 응용을 위한 새로운 하이브리드 5-레벨 인버터)

  • Dao, Ngoc Dat;Lee, Dong-Choon
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2016.07a
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    • pp.485-486
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    • 2016
  • This paper proposes a new hybrid five-level voltage-source inverter topology, based on the conventional five-level active neutral-point-clamped topology (5L-ANPC), where the lower number of switching devices is required, resulting in saving the cost. The operating principle and control method of the proposed topology is described. The comparison of THD, power losses, loss distribution, and cost of components are evaluated among the proposed topology, the 5L-ANPC and 5L-DCI (diode-clamped inverters) topology.

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급속 조형을 위한 STEP파일의 다이렉트 슬라이싱에 관한 연구

  • 김영한;최홍태;이석희
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 1995.10a
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    • pp.898-902
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    • 1995
  • STEP is a neutral model for exchanging CAD modelbetween different CAD systms. The paper presents a laser path contour generation for rapid prototyping originated form STEP format files without using any tools nor libraries for STEP data manipulation. Polygons are generated from every point on the layer of given thickness, which are the intersections of layer plane and edges stored in entity tables. Curves are approximated with polygons whitin segment tolerance limit in order to cover sculptured surfaces. With the advantage of less data loss in direct slicing over STL formats, the system developed in this work shows a good potential to provide data share with various CAD systems including RP data preparation.

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Comparative loss analysis and output characteristic for 25MW class of high power multi-level inverters (25MW급 대용량 멀티레벨 인버터의 손실해석과 출력특성 비교 분석)

  • Kim, Igim;Park, Chan-bae;Kwak, Sang-shin
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2014.11a
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    • pp.119-120
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    • 2014
  • 멀티레벨 인버터는 낮은 고조파 성분을 갖고, 제한된 정격 스위칭 소자로 대용량 전력변환이 요구되는 시스템에 매우 효율적이다. 수학적인 해석방법을 통해 전도손실, 스위칭 손실, 출력 전압 전류의 THD의 해석방법을 제시하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 멀티레벨 인버터의 특성을 비교 분석을 한다. 본 논문은 기존 제안된 멀티레벨 구조인 NPC(Neutral Point Clamped) 멀티레벨 인버터, Cascaded H-bridge 멀티레벨 인버터, Flying capacitor 멀티레벨인버터를 기반으로 25MW급 대용량 인버터의 손실 및 출력특성을 비교 분석하였다.

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