• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.188-200
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• 2001

Background and Objetive : Acupuncture is a valuable method of oriental medicine with broad application in many disease. It is based on the experiences of traditional oriental medicine as well as on experimentally proven biological (biochemical and neurophysiological) effects. Acupuncture theory has been explained by the meridian system that is thought to be linked with particular organs. However, in western medicine it is held that many disorders are either controlled or affected by the brain. Material and Method : In order to review the studies concerned with the mechanism related brain, we have referred to the Pubmed site and the Journal of Korean acupuncture and moxibustion Result and Conculsion : Among the 12 studies in the Journal of Korean acupuncture and moxibustion, 8 papers related neurotransmitters were done by experimental study, 4 papers related brain mapping were done by clinical study. Among the 8 studies related brain mapping in the Pubmed site, 6 clinical studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) were done and I clinical study using single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) was done, I paper was review article. By the above result, it would be needed further research on the acupuncture mechanism related brain using SPECT, fMRI, positron emission tomography(PET) etc.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2015

Objectives The power spectral analysis of electroencephalogram has been widely used to reveal the pathophysiology of the alcoholic brain. However, the results were not consistent and the three dimensional study can be hardly found. The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics of the three dimensional electroencephalographic (EEG) activity of alcohol dependent patients using standardized low resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA). Methods The participants consisted of 30 alcohol dependent patients and 30 normal healthy controls. All the participants were males who had refrained from alcohol at least one month and were not taking any medications. Thirty two channel EEG data was collected in the resting state with eyes-closed condition during 30 seconds. The three dimensional data was compared between two groups using sLORETA for delta, theta, alpha, beta1, beta2, and beta3 frequency bands. Results sLORETA revealed significantly increased brain cortical activity in alpha, beta1, beta2, and beta3 bands each in alcohol dependent patients compared to normal controls. The voxels showing the maximum significance were in the left transverse temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left anterior cingulate, and left fusiform gyrus in alpha, beta1, beta2, and beta3 bands respectively. Conclusions These results suggest that chronic alcohol intake may cause neurophysiological changes in cerebral activity. Therefore, the measuring of EEG can be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive impairements in alcohol dependence.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2010

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy caused by compression of the median nerve beneath the transverse carpal ligament. CTS can be correctly diagnosed by the patients' description of symptoms and electrophysiological tests that measure nerve conduction through the wrist. Many previous studies reported various risk factors of CTS, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease and trauma. Obesity is associated with both hyperlipidemia and CTS. This study focused on the relationship between severity of CTS and serum lipid level. Methods: One hundred fourteen patients with CTS and 74 controls were divided into four groups according to the severity; normal, mild, moderate and severe. And then serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) were measured in each group. Results: There was a positive correlation between TG and CTS severity (p<0.001). But TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were not correlated with CTS severity. Conclusions: These results suggest that high serum TG may act as an aggravating factor of CTS.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.559-566
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• 2014

본 연구는 인지적 발달단계에 대한 신경학적 역동 발달주기를 규명하기 위하여 추상적 발달단계인 추상적 맵핑, 추상적 체계, 단일원리의 각 학습단계별 뇌파의 변화와 역동적 학습발달 간의 관계를 규명하였다. 컴퓨터 수학학습에서 일어나는 자발적 학습은 수학과제를 수행할 때 적은 학습지원 으로 나타나는 학습효과에 중점을 두었으며 이해적 학습은 적절한 학습지원을 통해 나타내는 학습효과를 중심으로 인지적 변화와 뇌파와의 관계성을 통해 뇌와 뇌신경의 발달관점에서 파악한 것이다. 연구 결과, 추상적 맵핑과 추상적 시스템 단계에서 지원을 통한 이해적 학습이 두정엽과 전두엽에서 의미 있는 뇌 활동성을 가져왔으며 추상적 개념학습의 마지막 단계인 단일원리에서는 피험자의 발달단계가 적정나이보다 작아 오히려 지원을 통한 이해적 학습이 더 적은 뇌 활동성을 가져왔다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.262-268
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• 2016

편측성 안면경련(hemifacial spasm)은 불수의적으로 안면의 근육에서 발작적인 경련이 일측성으로 반복해서 발생하는 질환이다. 한 근육의 수축으로 인해 동시적으로 여러 근육이 동시에 수축되는 동시 수축성(synkinesia)이 특징이다. 발병원인은 제 7뇌신경인 안면신경이 혈관에 의해 압박을 받아서 나타나게 된다. 본 연구는 편측성 안면경련 환자의 미세혈관 감압 수술을 받은 환자를 대상으로 수술 중 진행되는 신경계 감시검사 방법들에 대해 다루었다. 청각유발전위 검사에서는 수술용 뇌 견인기의 사용시 주의 사항과 검사시기에 대해 언급하였다. 안면신경의 근전도검사에서는 잡파의 혼입과 신경손상 시 근전도 파형의 감별에 대해, 측면전파 반응 검사에서는 마취의 유지의 중요성에 대해 그리고 체성감각 유발전위검사에서는 환자를 좀더 자세하게 검사할 수 있도록 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 위에 언급한 내용들을 토대로 검사한다면 수술 중 신경계 감시 검사를 원활하게 할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2008

Objective: To review the theoretic basis of the Sa-Ahm 5 Element acupuncture devised about 360 years ago, papers and books were researched. Methods: Total of 59 books and papers ranging from ancient Huang Di nei jing to modern Bio Medical Acupuncture for Pain Management were researched to study the basic theory of it in relation to the 5 Shu points, Results: Gao-mu in Chinese Ming dynasty, for the 1st time, had used 5 Shu points based on creation cycle as tonification and sedation treatment respectively and named it as 'tonification and sedation treatment of self meridian' but since then, this method, without special reasons, has been rarely used until Sa-Ahm's new doctrine that include the concept of destruction cycle was asserted. Conclusions: Sa-Ahm 5 Element acupuncture is a method which uses 5 Shu points from the viewpoints of simultaneous tonification and sedation methods which are based on promotion and control cycles. Though it is nowadays mostly-used method in accordance with practitioner's points, it needs to be set guidelines by which to effectively practice Sa-Ahm acupuncture.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.207-243
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• 2016

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social and communication impairments, as well as repetitive and restrictive behaviors. The phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD has made it overwhelmingly difficult to determine the exact etiology and pathophysiology underlying the core symptoms, which are often accompanied by comorbidities such as hyperactivity, seizures, and sensorimotor abnormalities. To our benefit, the advent of animal models has allowed us to assess and test diverse risk factors of ASD, both genetic and environmental, and measure their contribution to the manifestation of autistic symptoms. At a broader scale, rodent models have helped consolidate molecular pathways and unify the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying each one of the various etiologies. This approach will potentially enable the stratification of ASD into clinical, molecular, and neurophenotypic subgroups, further proving their translational utility. It is henceforth paramount to establish a common ground of mechanistic theories from complementing results in preclinical research. In this review, we cluster the ASD animal models into lesion and genetic models and further classify them based on the corresponding environmental, epigenetic and genetic factors. Finally, we summarize the symptoms and neuropathological highlights for each model and make critical comparisons that elucidate their clinical and neurobiological relevance.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.527-534
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• 2010

Purpose : The application of tape to modulation of pain and muscular excitability has become common clinical practice among musculoskeletal physical therapy. However, the techniques of the tape application has been relied on empirical evidence in preference to the neurophysiological evidence. Thus, the mechanism of taping has to be elucidated further. The aim of this study was to determine whether elastic and non-elastic taping across a muscle does indeed change ${\alpha}$-motor neuron excitability. Methods : The study was performed on 10 neurologically healthy adults. Two different types of tape were applied to skin overlying gastrocnemius. The elastic tape stretched up to 120% of its original length but non-elastic tape didn't stretched up of its original length. The tape applied across the direction on thickest part of the gastrocnemius. The ${\alpha}$-motor neuron excitability of the gastrocnemius was assessed using the gastrocnemius H-reflex. The amplitude of the M-wave and H-reflex were measured across three conditions: before tape application, with tape and with the tape removed. Results : No significant changes of the excitability of the ${\alpha}$-motor neuron were obtained across three condition, either in the elastic and non-elastic tape. Conclusion : From the results, I could come to the conclusion that further clinical work will be required.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.455-462
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• 2014

Objective : To propose a new measure for effective monitoring of intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and to validate the feasibility of this measure for evoked potentials (EP) and single trials with a retrospective data analysis study. Methods : The proposed new measure (hereafter, a slope-measure) was defined as the relative slope of the amplitude and latency at each EP peak compared to the baseline value, which is sensitive to the change in the amplitude and latency simultaneously. We used the slope-measure for EP and single trials and compared the significant change detection time with that of the conventional peak-to-peak method. When applied to single trials, each single trial signal was processed with optimal filters before using the slope-measure. In this retrospective data analysis, 7 patients who underwent cerebral aneurysm clipping surgery for unruptured aneurysm middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation were included. Results : We found that this simple slope-measure has a detection time that is as early or earlier than that of the conventional method; furthermore, using the slope-measure in optimally filtered single trials provides warning signs earlier than that of the conventional method during MCA clipping surgery. Conclusion : Our results have confirmed the feasibility of the slope-measure for intraoperative SEP monitoring. This is a novel study that provides a useful measure for either EP or single trials in intraoperative SEP monitoring.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2008

테이핑은 근골격계 질환의 치료 및 부상 방지를 위해 재활과 스포츠 영역에서 흔하게 사용되는 방법으로 그 작용 기전에 관한 설명은 신경생리학적 측면보다는 경험에 의한 주관적인 설명이 주를 이루고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 테이핑의 적용이 신경생리학적으로 ${\alpha}$-운동신경원의 흥분에 영향을 미치는지 여부를 알아 보고자 시도하였다. 본 연구는 20대 건강한 피검자를 대상으로 비복근의 주행 방향을 따라 탄력성 테이프와 비탄력성 테이프를 테이핑 적용 전, 적용 시 그리고 제거 후 M-파와 H-파의 진폭을 비교하여 테이핑이 D-운동신경원의 흥분에 변화를 일으키는지 여부를 알아보았다. 본 연구의 결과 탄력 테이프와 비탄력 테이프 모두는 ${\alpha}$-운등신경원의 흥분도에 어떠한 변화도 일으키지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 이러한 연구 결과는 선행 연구들과 상이한 결과로서 차후 보다 심도 있고 광범위한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.